Nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at midlatitudes: New results from aircraft-based mass spectrometric measurements
Extensive measurements of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) have been performed in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using aircraft‐based ion‐molecule reaction mass spectrometry (IMRMS). The measurements, which took place in summer and winter between November 1994 and July 1996, cover latitudes...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC Washington, DC, 1998-10, Vol.103 (D19), p.25337-25343 |
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| container_title | Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC |
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| creator | Schneider, J. Arnold, F. Bürger, V. Droste‐Franke, B. Grimm, F. Kirchner, G. Klemm, M. Stilp, T. Wohlfrom, K.‐H. Siegmund, P. Velthoven, P. F. J. |
| description | Extensive measurements of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) have been performed in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using aircraft‐based ion‐molecule reaction mass spectrometry (IMRMS). The measurements, which took place in summer and winter between November 1994 and July 1996, cover latitudes between 29°N and 57°N and altitudes between 5.5 and 13 km. According to meteorological analyses, potential vorticity values up to 9.5 PVU (1 PVU = 10−6 m2 s−1 K kg−1) were reached. Stratospheric HNO3 mixing ratios ranged between 300 and 2200 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). In the upper troposphere, nitric acid mixing ratios ranged between 100 and 2000 pptv, with the largest values influenced by fast vertical transport from the planetary boundary layer. These values exceed previous measurements and model calculations. The relatively high upper tropospheric nitric acid mixing ratio indicates a large rate for NOx recycling from gaseous nitric acid, and possibly also an increased efficiency of aerosol activation, which may lead to an increased albedo of cirrus clouds. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/98JD02240 |
| format | Article |
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F. J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Schneider, J. ; Arnold, F. ; Bürger, V. ; Droste‐Franke, B. ; Grimm, F. ; Kirchner, G. ; Klemm, M. ; Stilp, T. ; Wohlfrom, K.‐H. ; Siegmund, P. ; Velthoven, P. F. J.</creatorcontrib><description>Extensive measurements of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) have been performed in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using aircraft‐based ion‐molecule reaction mass spectrometry (IMRMS). The measurements, which took place in summer and winter between November 1994 and July 1996, cover latitudes between 29°N and 57°N and altitudes between 5.5 and 13 km. According to meteorological analyses, potential vorticity values up to 9.5 PVU (1 PVU = 10−6 m2 s−1 K kg−1) were reached. Stratospheric HNO3 mixing ratios ranged between 300 and 2200 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). In the upper troposphere, nitric acid mixing ratios ranged between 100 and 2000 pptv, with the largest values influenced by fast vertical transport from the planetary boundary layer. These values exceed previous measurements and model calculations. The relatively high upper tropospheric nitric acid mixing ratio indicates a large rate for NOx recycling from gaseous nitric acid, and possibly also an increased efficiency of aerosol activation, which may lead to an increased albedo of cirrus clouds.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0148-0227</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2156-2202</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/98JD02240</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Atmospheric composition. Chemical and photochemical reactions ; Chemical composition and interactions. Ionic interactions and processes ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; External geophysics ; Meteorology ; Physics of the high neutral atmosphere</subject><ispartof>Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC, 1998-10, Vol.103 (D19), p.25337-25343</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union.</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4315-e2eaed67006aa0bb6dd7a9a2e12d22716ac7029cc26f5fa90315af4a85c9b4c83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4315-e2eaed67006aa0bb6dd7a9a2e12d22716ac7029cc26f5fa90315af4a85c9b4c83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F98JD02240$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F98JD02240$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,11494,27903,27904,45553,45554,46387,46446,46811,46870</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2432169$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schneider, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bürger, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Droste‐Franke, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimm, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirchner, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klemm, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stilp, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wohlfrom, K.‐H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siegmund, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velthoven, P. F. J.</creatorcontrib><title>Nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at midlatitudes: New results from aircraft-based mass spectrometric measurements</title><title>Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC</title><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><description>Extensive measurements of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) have been performed in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using aircraft‐based ion‐molecule reaction mass spectrometry (IMRMS). The measurements, which took place in summer and winter between November 1994 and July 1996, cover latitudes between 29°N and 57°N and altitudes between 5.5 and 13 km. According to meteorological analyses, potential vorticity values up to 9.5 PVU (1 PVU = 10−6 m2 s−1 K kg−1) were reached. Stratospheric HNO3 mixing ratios ranged between 300 and 2200 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). In the upper troposphere, nitric acid mixing ratios ranged between 100 and 2000 pptv, with the largest values influenced by fast vertical transport from the planetary boundary layer. These values exceed previous measurements and model calculations. The relatively high upper tropospheric nitric acid mixing ratio indicates a large rate for NOx recycling from gaseous nitric acid, and possibly also an increased efficiency of aerosol activation, which may lead to an increased albedo of cirrus clouds.</description><subject>Atmospheric composition. Chemical and photochemical reactions</subject><subject>Chemical composition and interactions. Ionic interactions and processes</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>External geophysics</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>Physics of the high neutral atmosphere</subject><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2156-2202</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kM1u1DAURi0EEqO2C97AC4ToIq3txE7CDk3bKVWVIkTVpXXHuVEN-cPX0dDn6AtjmGp2eGPp-pzvyh9j76Q4k0LV53V1cyGUKsQrtlJSm0wpoV6zlZBFlaWH8i07Ifoh0im0KYRcsefGx-AdB-db_vG6uctPuR95fES-zDMGHsM0TzQ_YkAOY8v7aZemFAPEwzjywbc9RB-XFukTb3DHA9LSR-JdmAYOPrgAXcy2QNjyAYg4zehS-ID_9g8ItAQccIx0zN500BOevNxH7P7q8vv6Oru923xZf77NXJFLnaFCwNaUQhgAsd2ati2hBoVStemv0oArUyvOKdPpDmqRJOgKqLSrt4Wr8iP2YZ87h-nXghTt4Mlh38OI00JWVlKKsjYJPN2DLkxEATs7Bz9AeLJS2L_N20PziX3_EgrkoO8CjM7TQVBFrqSpE3a-x3a-x6f_59mbzbcLI5VORrY3PEX8fTAg_LSmzEttH5qNXWvdNDpf26_5H0dYohU</recordid><startdate>19981020</startdate><enddate>19981020</enddate><creator>Schneider, J.</creator><creator>Arnold, F.</creator><creator>Bürger, V.</creator><creator>Droste‐Franke, B.</creator><creator>Grimm, F.</creator><creator>Kirchner, G.</creator><creator>Klemm, M.</creator><creator>Stilp, T.</creator><creator>Wohlfrom, K.‐H.</creator><creator>Siegmund, P.</creator><creator>Velthoven, P. F. J.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>American Geophysical Union</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>KL.</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19981020</creationdate><title>Nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at midlatitudes: New results from aircraft-based mass spectrometric measurements</title><author>Schneider, J. ; Arnold, F. ; Bürger, V. ; Droste‐Franke, B. ; Grimm, F. ; Kirchner, G. ; Klemm, M. ; Stilp, T. ; Wohlfrom, K.‐H. ; Siegmund, P. ; Velthoven, P. F. J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4315-e2eaed67006aa0bb6dd7a9a2e12d22716ac7029cc26f5fa90315af4a85c9b4c83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Atmospheric composition. Chemical and photochemical reactions</topic><topic>Chemical composition and interactions. Ionic interactions and processes</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>External geophysics</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>Physics of the high neutral atmosphere</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schneider, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bürger, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Droste‐Franke, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimm, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirchner, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klemm, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stilp, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wohlfrom, K.‐H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siegmund, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velthoven, P. F. J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schneider, J.</au><au>Arnold, F.</au><au>Bürger, V.</au><au>Droste‐Franke, B.</au><au>Grimm, F.</au><au>Kirchner, G.</au><au>Klemm, M.</au><au>Stilp, T.</au><au>Wohlfrom, K.‐H.</au><au>Siegmund, P.</au><au>Velthoven, P. F. J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at midlatitudes: New results from aircraft-based mass spectrometric measurements</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC</jtitle><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><date>1998-10-20</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>103</volume><issue>D19</issue><spage>25337</spage><epage>25343</epage><pages>25337-25343</pages><issn>0148-0227</issn><eissn>2156-2202</eissn><abstract>Extensive measurements of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) have been performed in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using aircraft‐based ion‐molecule reaction mass spectrometry (IMRMS). The measurements, which took place in summer and winter between November 1994 and July 1996, cover latitudes between 29°N and 57°N and altitudes between 5.5 and 13 km. According to meteorological analyses, potential vorticity values up to 9.5 PVU (1 PVU = 10−6 m2 s−1 K kg−1) were reached. Stratospheric HNO3 mixing ratios ranged between 300 and 2200 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). In the upper troposphere, nitric acid mixing ratios ranged between 100 and 2000 pptv, with the largest values influenced by fast vertical transport from the planetary boundary layer. These values exceed previous measurements and model calculations. The relatively high upper tropospheric nitric acid mixing ratio indicates a large rate for NOx recycling from gaseous nitric acid, and possibly also an increased efficiency of aerosol activation, which may lead to an increased albedo of cirrus clouds.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/98JD02240</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Atmospheric composition. Chemical and photochemical reactions Chemical composition and interactions. Ionic interactions and processes Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Meteorology Physics of the high neutral atmosphere |
| title | Nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at midlatitudes: New results from aircraft-based mass spectrometric measurements |
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