Aluminium precipitates formed downstream of springs in a mountainous environment
Areas a few square metres in size, devoid of higher vegetation other than moss, have been mapped at 600-700 m above sea level in the mountains of the western part of central Norway. The moss is covered by a grey precipitate during dry summer periods. The precipitate has been identified by ICP-AES an...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 1999-08, Vol.114 (1-2), p.121-135 |
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| creator | SAETHER, O. M FOLLESTAD, B. A |
| description | Areas a few square metres in size, devoid of higher vegetation other than moss, have been mapped at 600-700 m above sea level in the mountains of the western part of central Norway. The moss is covered by a grey precipitate during dry summer periods. The precipitate has been identified by ICP-AES analysis of HNO^sub 3^-extract, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an aluminium(Al)-hydroxide, probably amorphous Al-hydroxide and diaspore (Al(OH)^sub 3^), containing 21-25% Al by weight. In comparison, the underlying moraine deposits contain 1.5-3.5% Al by weight. A small spring, where groundwater discharges, is located uphill of each contaminated area. The Al content of the water which emerges from these springs decreases downhill away from the spring and is inversely proportional to the pH. The runoff waters originating at the springs have been modelled using the computer-codes MINTEQA2 and ALCHEMI and are found to be saturated with respect to amorphous Al(OH)^sub 3^. This study raises the very important question as to what extent a lower pH in the influent meltwater may leach out more aluminium and possibly lead to the formation of larger amounts of precipitate.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1023/A:1005173117738 |
| format | Article |
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M ; FOLLESTAD, B. A</creator><creatorcontrib>SAETHER, O. M ; FOLLESTAD, B. A</creatorcontrib><description>Areas a few square metres in size, devoid of higher vegetation other than moss, have been mapped at 600-700 m above sea level in the mountains of the western part of central Norway. The moss is covered by a grey precipitate during dry summer periods. The precipitate has been identified by ICP-AES analysis of HNO^sub 3^-extract, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an aluminium(Al)-hydroxide, probably amorphous Al-hydroxide and diaspore (Al(OH)^sub 3^), containing 21-25% Al by weight. In comparison, the underlying moraine deposits contain 1.5-3.5% Al by weight. A small spring, where groundwater discharges, is located uphill of each contaminated area. The Al content of the water which emerges from these springs decreases downhill away from the spring and is inversely proportional to the pH. The runoff waters originating at the springs have been modelled using the computer-codes MINTEQA2 and ALCHEMI and are found to be saturated with respect to amorphous Al(OH)^sub 3^. 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In comparison, the underlying moraine deposits contain 1.5-3.5% Al by weight. A small spring, where groundwater discharges, is located uphill of each contaminated area. The Al content of the water which emerges from these springs decreases downhill away from the spring and is inversely proportional to the pH. The runoff waters originating at the springs have been modelled using the computer-codes MINTEQA2 and ALCHEMI and are found to be saturated with respect to amorphous Al(OH)^sub 3^. This study raises the very important question as to what extent a lower pH in the influent meltwater may leach out more aluminium and possibly lead to the formation of larger amounts of precipitate.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1023/A:1005173117738</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water, air, and soil pollution, 1999-08, Vol.114 (1-2), p.121-135 |
| issn | 0049-6979 1573-2932 |
| language | eng |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aluminum Applied sciences Biological and physicochemical phenomena diaspore Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Environmental monitoring Exact sciences and technology Freshwater Geochemistry Groundwater Groundwater discharge Meltwater Mineralogy Mosses Mountains Natural water pollution Norway Pollution Scanning electron microscopy Silicates Spring Water geochemistry Water springs Water treatment and pollution X-ray diffraction |
| title | Aluminium precipitates formed downstream of springs in a mountainous environment |
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