Observations of convective and dynamical instabilities in tropopause folds and their contribution to stratosphere-troposphere exchange
With aircraft‐mounted in situ and remote sensing instruments for dynamical, thermal, and chemical measurements we studied two cases of tropopause folding. In both folds we found Kelvin‐Helmholtz billows with horizontal wavelength of ∼900 m and thickness of ∼120 m. In one case the instability was eff...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC Washington, DC, 1999-09, Vol.104 (D17), p.21549-21568 |
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| container_issue | D17 |
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| container_title | Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC |
| container_volume | 104 |
| creator | Cho, John Y. N. Newell, Reginald E. Bui, T. Paul Browell, Edward V. Fenn, Marta A. Mahoney, Michael J. Gregory, Gerald L. Sachse, Glen W. Vay, Stephanie A. Kucsera, Tom L. Thompson, Anne M. |
| description | With aircraft‐mounted in situ and remote sensing instruments for dynamical, thermal, and chemical measurements we studied two cases of tropopause folding. In both folds we found Kelvin‐Helmholtz billows with horizontal wavelength of ∼900 m and thickness of ∼120 m. In one case the instability was effectively mixing the bottomside of the fold, leading to the transfer of stratospheric air into the troposphere. Also, we discovered in both cases small‐scale secondary ozone maxima shortly after the aircraft ascended past the topside of the fold that corresponded to regions of convective instability. We interpreted this phenomenon as convectively breaking gravity waves. Therefore we posit that convectively breaking gravity waves acting on tropopause folds must be added to the list of important irreversible mixing mechanisms leading to stratosphere‐troposphere exchange. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/1999JD900430 |
| format | Article |
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N. ; Newell, Reginald E. ; Bui, T. Paul ; Browell, Edward V. ; Fenn, Marta A. ; Mahoney, Michael J. ; Gregory, Gerald L. ; Sachse, Glen W. ; Vay, Stephanie A. ; Kucsera, Tom L. ; Thompson, Anne M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Cho, John Y. N. ; Newell, Reginald E. ; Bui, T. Paul ; Browell, Edward V. ; Fenn, Marta A. ; Mahoney, Michael J. ; Gregory, Gerald L. ; Sachse, Glen W. ; Vay, Stephanie A. ; Kucsera, Tom L. ; Thompson, Anne M.</creatorcontrib><description>With aircraft‐mounted in situ and remote sensing instruments for dynamical, thermal, and chemical measurements we studied two cases of tropopause folding. In both folds we found Kelvin‐Helmholtz billows with horizontal wavelength of ∼900 m and thickness of ∼120 m. In one case the instability was effectively mixing the bottomside of the fold, leading to the transfer of stratospheric air into the troposphere. Also, we discovered in both cases small‐scale secondary ozone maxima shortly after the aircraft ascended past the topside of the fold that corresponded to regions of convective instability. We interpreted this phenomenon as convectively breaking gravity waves. 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Paul ; Browell, Edward V. ; Fenn, Marta A. ; Mahoney, Michael J. ; Gregory, Gerald L. ; Sachse, Glen W. ; Vay, Stephanie A. ; Kucsera, Tom L. ; Thompson, Anne M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4122-cbd0f8d9eb62915c9e0b8af9f31ad775723f69b4fbfee849ef23f1eee5001b033</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>External geophysics</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>Other topics in atmospheric geophysics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cho, John Y. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newell, Reginald E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bui, T. 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Paul</au><au>Browell, Edward V.</au><au>Fenn, Marta A.</au><au>Mahoney, Michael J.</au><au>Gregory, Gerald L.</au><au>Sachse, Glen W.</au><au>Vay, Stephanie A.</au><au>Kucsera, Tom L.</au><au>Thompson, Anne M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Observations of convective and dynamical instabilities in tropopause folds and their contribution to stratosphere-troposphere exchange</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC</jtitle><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><date>1999-09-20</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>D17</issue><spage>21549</spage><epage>21568</epage><pages>21549-21568</pages><issn>0148-0227</issn><eissn>2156-2202</eissn><abstract>With aircraft‐mounted in situ and remote sensing instruments for dynamical, thermal, and chemical measurements we studied two cases of tropopause folding. In both folds we found Kelvin‐Helmholtz billows with horizontal wavelength of ∼900 m and thickness of ∼120 m. In one case the instability was effectively mixing the bottomside of the fold, leading to the transfer of stratospheric air into the troposphere. Also, we discovered in both cases small‐scale secondary ozone maxima shortly after the aircraft ascended past the topside of the fold that corresponded to regions of convective instability. We interpreted this phenomenon as convectively breaking gravity waves. Therefore we posit that convectively breaking gravity waves acting on tropopause folds must be added to the list of important irreversible mixing mechanisms leading to stratosphere‐troposphere exchange.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/1999JD900430</doi><tpages>20</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC, 1999-09, Vol.104 (D17), p.21549-21568 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Meteorology Other topics in atmospheric geophysics |
| title | Observations of convective and dynamical instabilities in tropopause folds and their contribution to stratosphere-troposphere exchange |
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