A phase I trial of single-agent reolysin in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma

Reolysin, a proprietary isolate of reovirus type III dearing, enters and preferentially induces apoptosis of malignant cells. RAS pathway activation has been associated with more efficient reoviral infectivity and enhanced oncolysis. Reovirus is currently in advanced solid tumor phase I-II trials; n...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical cancer research 2014-12, Vol.20 (23), p.5946-5955
Hauptverfasser: Sborov, Douglas W, Nuovo, Gerard J, Stiff, Andrew, Mace, Thomas, Lesinski, Gregory B, Benson, Jr, Don M, Efebera, Yvonne A, Rosko, Ashley E, Pichiorri, Flavia, Grever, Michael R, Hofmeister, Craig C
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container_end_page 5955
container_issue 23
container_start_page 5946
container_title Clinical cancer research
container_volume 20
creator Sborov, Douglas W
Nuovo, Gerard J
Stiff, Andrew
Mace, Thomas
Lesinski, Gregory B
Benson, Jr, Don M
Efebera, Yvonne A
Rosko, Ashley E
Pichiorri, Flavia
Grever, Michael R
Hofmeister, Craig C
description Reolysin, a proprietary isolate of reovirus type III dearing, enters and preferentially induces apoptosis of malignant cells. RAS pathway activation has been associated with more efficient reoviral infectivity and enhanced oncolysis. Reovirus is currently in advanced solid tumor phase I-II trials; no clinical trials have been conducted in patients with hematologic malignancies. A phase I trial treated 12 relapsed myeloma patients at two dose levels. Reolysin was infused daily for 5 days every 28 days. Bone marrow specimens were examined by in situ-based hybridization (ISH) for CD138, p38, caspase-3, reoviral RNA, and capsid protein at screening and cycle 1 day 8. Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1) and cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2) were evaluated in patient samples and multiple myeloma cell lines. Neutralizing anti-reovirus antibody assay was performed weekly during cycle 1. There were no dose-limiting toxicities, patients reached the 3 × 10(10) TCID50 daily on days 1 to 5 dose level, and grade 3 laboratory toxicities included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypophosphatemia. ISH demonstrated reoviral genome confined in multiple myeloma cells. Reoviral capsid protein and caspase-3 were rarely identified within reoviral RNA-positive cells. The longest durations of stable disease were 4, 5, and 8 months. Treatment with single-agent Reolysin was well tolerated and associated with avid reoviral RNA myeloma cell entry but only minimal intracellular reoviral protein production within multiple myeloma cells. Our data support that in multiple myeloma cells, Reolysin-induced oncolysis requires combination therapy, similar to other cancers.
doi_str_mv 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-1404
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RAS pathway activation has been associated with more efficient reoviral infectivity and enhanced oncolysis. Reovirus is currently in advanced solid tumor phase I-II trials; no clinical trials have been conducted in patients with hematologic malignancies. A phase I trial treated 12 relapsed myeloma patients at two dose levels. Reolysin was infused daily for 5 days every 28 days. Bone marrow specimens were examined by in situ-based hybridization (ISH) for CD138, p38, caspase-3, reoviral RNA, and capsid protein at screening and cycle 1 day 8. Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1) and cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2) were evaluated in patient samples and multiple myeloma cell lines. Neutralizing anti-reovirus antibody assay was performed weekly during cycle 1. There were no dose-limiting toxicities, patients reached the 3 × 10(10) TCID50 daily on days 1 to 5 dose level, and grade 3 laboratory toxicities included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypophosphatemia. ISH demonstrated reoviral genome confined in multiple myeloma cells. Reoviral capsid protein and caspase-3 were rarely identified within reoviral RNA-positive cells. The longest durations of stable disease were 4, 5, and 8 months. Treatment with single-agent Reolysin was well tolerated and associated with avid reoviral RNA myeloma cell entry but only minimal intracellular reoviral protein production within multiple myeloma cells. 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RAS pathway activation has been associated with more efficient reoviral infectivity and enhanced oncolysis. Reovirus is currently in advanced solid tumor phase I-II trials; no clinical trials have been conducted in patients with hematologic malignancies. A phase I trial treated 12 relapsed myeloma patients at two dose levels. Reolysin was infused daily for 5 days every 28 days. Bone marrow specimens were examined by in situ-based hybridization (ISH) for CD138, p38, caspase-3, reoviral RNA, and capsid protein at screening and cycle 1 day 8. Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1) and cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2) were evaluated in patient samples and multiple myeloma cell lines. Neutralizing anti-reovirus antibody assay was performed weekly during cycle 1. There were no dose-limiting toxicities, patients reached the 3 × 10(10) TCID50 daily on days 1 to 5 dose level, and grade 3 laboratory toxicities included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypophosphatemia. ISH demonstrated reoviral genome confined in multiple myeloma cells. Reoviral capsid protein and caspase-3 were rarely identified within reoviral RNA-positive cells. The longest durations of stable disease were 4, 5, and 8 months. Treatment with single-agent Reolysin was well tolerated and associated with avid reoviral RNA myeloma cell entry but only minimal intracellular reoviral protein production within multiple myeloma cells. Our data support that in multiple myeloma cells, Reolysin-induced oncolysis requires combination therapy, similar to other cancers.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>25294913</pmid><doi>10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-1404</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; American Association for Cancer Research; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Aged
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Biomarkers
Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism
Cell Line, Tumor
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism
Female
Gene Expression
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Multiple Myeloma - etiology
Multiple Myeloma - pathology
Multiple Myeloma - therapy
Neoplasm Staging
Oncolytic Virotherapy - adverse effects
Oncolytic Viruses - genetics
Oncolytic Viruses - immunology
Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism
Recurrence
Reoviridae
Reovirus
Retroviridae
RNA, Viral
Treatment Outcome
Viral Proteins - genetics
title A phase I trial of single-agent reolysin in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma
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