Physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles
Diesel combustion and solid biomass burning are the major sources of ultrafine particles (UFP) in urbanized areas. Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, are possible outcomes of combustion particles exposure, but differences in particles properties seem to influence their bio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental pollution (1987) 2016-08, Vol.215, p.366-375 |
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| creator | Longhin, Eleonora Gualtieri, Maurizio Capasso, Laura Bengalli, Rossella Mollerup, Steen Holme, Jørn A. Øvrevik, Johan Casadei, Simone Di Benedetto, Cristiano Parenti, Paolo Camatini, Marina |
| description | Diesel combustion and solid biomass burning are the major sources of ultrafine particles (UFP) in urbanized areas. Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, are possible outcomes of combustion particles exposure, but differences in particles properties seem to influence their biological effects.
Here the physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles, produced under controlled laboratory conditions, have been characterized. Diesel UFP were sampled from a Euro 4 light duty vehicle without DPF fuelled by commercial diesel and run over a chassis dyno. Biomass UFP were collected from a modern automatic 25 kW boiler propelled by prime quality spruce pellet. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of both diesel and biomass samples showed aggregates of soot particles, but in biomass samples ash particles were also present. Chemical characterization showed that metals and PAHs total content was higher in diesel samples compared to biomass ones.
Human bronchial epithelial (HBEC3) cells were exposed to particles for up to 2 weeks. Changes in the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism were observed after exposure to both UFP already after 24 h. However, only diesel particles modulated the expression of genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased the release of inflammatory mediators and caused phenotypical alterations, mostly after two weeks of exposure.
These results show that diesel UFP affected cellular processes involved in lung and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Biomass particles exerted low biological activity compared to diesel UFP. This evidence emphasizes that the study of different emission sources contribution to ambient PM toxicity may have a fundamental role in the development of more effective strategies for air quality improvement.
•Diesel particles exposure induce significant alterations in bronchial HBEC3 cells.•Xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress pathways are modulated.•Sub-chronic exposure conditions show significant pro-inflammatory effects.•Epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes, cell morphology and migration are affected.•Biomass particles exposed cells show minor effects also after sub-chronic exposure.
Diesel more than biomass UFP induce gene expression changes, inflammatory mediators release and phenotypical alterations. These effects were mostly observ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.015 |
| format | Article |
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Here the physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles, produced under controlled laboratory conditions, have been characterized. Diesel UFP were sampled from a Euro 4 light duty vehicle without DPF fuelled by commercial diesel and run over a chassis dyno. Biomass UFP were collected from a modern automatic 25 kW boiler propelled by prime quality spruce pellet. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of both diesel and biomass samples showed aggregates of soot particles, but in biomass samples ash particles were also present. Chemical characterization showed that metals and PAHs total content was higher in diesel samples compared to biomass ones.
Human bronchial epithelial (HBEC3) cells were exposed to particles for up to 2 weeks. Changes in the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism were observed after exposure to both UFP already after 24 h. However, only diesel particles modulated the expression of genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased the release of inflammatory mediators and caused phenotypical alterations, mostly after two weeks of exposure.
These results show that diesel UFP affected cellular processes involved in lung and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Biomass particles exerted low biological activity compared to diesel UFP. This evidence emphasizes that the study of different emission sources contribution to ambient PM toxicity may have a fundamental role in the development of more effective strategies for air quality improvement.
•Diesel particles exposure induce significant alterations in bronchial HBEC3 cells.•Xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress pathways are modulated.•Sub-chronic exposure conditions show significant pro-inflammatory effects.•Epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes, cell morphology and migration are affected.•Biomass particles exposed cells show minor effects also after sub-chronic exposure.
Diesel more than biomass UFP induce gene expression changes, inflammatory mediators release and phenotypical alterations. These effects were mostly observed after sub-chronic exposure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-7491</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6424</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.015</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27194366</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Air Pollutants - adverse effects ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Biofuels ; Biomass ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemical characterization ; Diesel ; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure - analysis ; Fossil Fuels ; Heating - methods ; Humans ; Inflammation - etiology ; Inflammation - genetics ; Inflammation - metabolism ; In vitro toxicology ; Lung - cytology ; Lung - drug effects ; Lung - metabolism ; Metals - adverse effects ; Metals - analysis ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Oxidative Stress - genetics ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter - adverse effects ; Particulate Matter - chemistry ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - adverse effects ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis ; Respiratory Mucosa - cytology ; Respiratory Mucosa - drug effects ; Respiratory Mucosa - metabolism ; Soot - adverse effects ; Soot - chemistry ; Ultrafine particles ; Vehicle Emissions - analysis ; Xenobiotics - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Environmental pollution (1987), 2016-08, Vol.215, p.366-375</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-92ced336546d5e6e8fd8f5b55bb039f6785adceae673f1219a4f5d87d30f854f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-92ced336546d5e6e8fd8f5b55bb039f6785adceae673f1219a4f5d87d30f854f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749116303943$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27194366$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Longhin, Eleonora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gualtieri, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capasso, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bengalli, Rossella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mollerup, Steen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holme, Jørn A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Øvrevik, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadei, Simone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Benedetto, Cristiano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parenti, Paolo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Camatini, Marina</creatorcontrib><title>Physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles</title><title>Environmental pollution (1987)</title><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><description>Diesel combustion and solid biomass burning are the major sources of ultrafine particles (UFP) in urbanized areas. Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, are possible outcomes of combustion particles exposure, but differences in particles properties seem to influence their biological effects.
Here the physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles, produced under controlled laboratory conditions, have been characterized. Diesel UFP were sampled from a Euro 4 light duty vehicle without DPF fuelled by commercial diesel and run over a chassis dyno. Biomass UFP were collected from a modern automatic 25 kW boiler propelled by prime quality spruce pellet. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of both diesel and biomass samples showed aggregates of soot particles, but in biomass samples ash particles were also present. Chemical characterization showed that metals and PAHs total content was higher in diesel samples compared to biomass ones.
Human bronchial epithelial (HBEC3) cells were exposed to particles for up to 2 weeks. Changes in the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism were observed after exposure to both UFP already after 24 h. However, only diesel particles modulated the expression of genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased the release of inflammatory mediators and caused phenotypical alterations, mostly after two weeks of exposure.
These results show that diesel UFP affected cellular processes involved in lung and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Biomass particles exerted low biological activity compared to diesel UFP. This evidence emphasizes that the study of different emission sources contribution to ambient PM toxicity may have a fundamental role in the development of more effective strategies for air quality improvement.
•Diesel particles exposure induce significant alterations in bronchial HBEC3 cells.•Xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress pathways are modulated.•Sub-chronic exposure conditions show significant pro-inflammatory effects.•Epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes, cell morphology and migration are affected.•Biomass particles exposed cells show minor effects also after sub-chronic exposure.
Diesel more than biomass UFP induce gene expression changes, inflammatory mediators release and phenotypical alterations. These effects were mostly observed after sub-chronic exposure.</description><subject>Air Pollutants - adverse effects</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Chemical characterization</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Fossil Fuels</subject><subject>Heating - methods</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation - etiology</subject><subject>Inflammation - genetics</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>In vitro toxicology</subject><subject>Lung - cytology</subject><subject>Lung - drug effects</subject><subject>Lung - metabolism</subject><subject>Metals - adverse effects</subject><subject>Metals - analysis</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - genetics</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - adverse effects</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - chemistry</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - adverse effects</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis</subject><subject>Respiratory Mucosa - cytology</subject><subject>Respiratory Mucosa - drug effects</subject><subject>Respiratory Mucosa - metabolism</subject><subject>Soot - adverse effects</subject><subject>Soot - chemistry</subject><subject>Ultrafine particles</subject><subject>Vehicle Emissions - analysis</subject><subject>Xenobiotics - metabolism</subject><issn>0269-7491</issn><issn>1873-6424</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kF1LwzAUhoMobk7_gUgvvWlNmo-2N4KIXzBQRK9Dmpy4jHapTTfYvzezm5deHcJ53nNyHoQuCc4IJuJmmcFq0_kmy-MrwzzDhB-hKSkLmgqWs2M0xbmo0oJVZILOQlhijBml9BRN8oJUjAoxRe9vi21w2qd6Aa3Tqkm63nfQDw5ColYmqZ1v_NdvB6wFPYTE28TENjQHoFUhJJ2KId1AOEcnVjUBLvZ1hj4fHz7un9P569PL_d081bTiQ1rlGgylgjNhOAgorSktrzmva0wrK4qSK6NBgSioJTmpFLPclIWh2JacWTpD1-Pc-OPvNYRBti5oaBq1Ar8OkpS4FHmFBY4oG1Hd-xB6sLLrXav6rSRY7mzKpRxtyp1NibmMNmPsar9hXbdg_kIHfRG4HQGId24c9DJoB6t4mOujKmm8-3_DD6TciRg</recordid><startdate>20160801</startdate><enddate>20160801</enddate><creator>Longhin, Eleonora</creator><creator>Gualtieri, Maurizio</creator><creator>Capasso, Laura</creator><creator>Bengalli, Rossella</creator><creator>Mollerup, Steen</creator><creator>Holme, Jørn A.</creator><creator>Øvrevik, Johan</creator><creator>Casadei, Simone</creator><creator>Di Benedetto, Cristiano</creator><creator>Parenti, Paolo</creator><creator>Camatini, Marina</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160801</creationdate><title>Physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles</title><author>Longhin, Eleonora ; Gualtieri, Maurizio ; Capasso, Laura ; Bengalli, Rossella ; Mollerup, Steen ; Holme, Jørn A. ; Øvrevik, Johan ; Casadei, Simone ; Di Benedetto, Cristiano ; Parenti, Paolo ; Camatini, Marina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-92ced336546d5e6e8fd8f5b55bb039f6785adceae673f1219a4f5d87d30f854f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Air Pollutants - adverse effects</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Chemical characterization</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Fossil Fuels</topic><topic>Heating - methods</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation - etiology</topic><topic>Inflammation - genetics</topic><topic>Inflammation - metabolism</topic><topic>In vitro toxicology</topic><topic>Lung - cytology</topic><topic>Lung - drug effects</topic><topic>Lung - metabolism</topic><topic>Metals - adverse effects</topic><topic>Metals - analysis</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - genetics</topic><topic>Particle Size</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - adverse effects</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - chemistry</topic><topic>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - adverse effects</topic><topic>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis</topic><topic>Respiratory Mucosa - cytology</topic><topic>Respiratory Mucosa - drug effects</topic><topic>Respiratory Mucosa - metabolism</topic><topic>Soot - adverse effects</topic><topic>Soot - chemistry</topic><topic>Ultrafine particles</topic><topic>Vehicle Emissions - analysis</topic><topic>Xenobiotics - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Longhin, Eleonora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gualtieri, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Capasso, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bengalli, Rossella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mollerup, Steen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holme, Jørn A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Øvrevik, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadei, Simone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Benedetto, Cristiano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parenti, Paolo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Camatini, Marina</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Longhin, Eleonora</au><au>Gualtieri, Maurizio</au><au>Capasso, Laura</au><au>Bengalli, Rossella</au><au>Mollerup, Steen</au><au>Holme, Jørn A.</au><au>Øvrevik, Johan</au><au>Casadei, Simone</au><au>Di Benedetto, Cristiano</au><au>Parenti, Paolo</au><au>Camatini, Marina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles</atitle><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><date>2016-08-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>215</volume><spage>366</spage><epage>375</epage><pages>366-375</pages><issn>0269-7491</issn><eissn>1873-6424</eissn><abstract>Diesel combustion and solid biomass burning are the major sources of ultrafine particles (UFP) in urbanized areas. Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, are possible outcomes of combustion particles exposure, but differences in particles properties seem to influence their biological effects.
Here the physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles, produced under controlled laboratory conditions, have been characterized. Diesel UFP were sampled from a Euro 4 light duty vehicle without DPF fuelled by commercial diesel and run over a chassis dyno. Biomass UFP were collected from a modern automatic 25 kW boiler propelled by prime quality spruce pellet. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of both diesel and biomass samples showed aggregates of soot particles, but in biomass samples ash particles were also present. Chemical characterization showed that metals and PAHs total content was higher in diesel samples compared to biomass ones.
Human bronchial epithelial (HBEC3) cells were exposed to particles for up to 2 weeks. Changes in the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism were observed after exposure to both UFP already after 24 h. However, only diesel particles modulated the expression of genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased the release of inflammatory mediators and caused phenotypical alterations, mostly after two weeks of exposure.
These results show that diesel UFP affected cellular processes involved in lung and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Biomass particles exerted low biological activity compared to diesel UFP. This evidence emphasizes that the study of different emission sources contribution to ambient PM toxicity may have a fundamental role in the development of more effective strategies for air quality improvement.
•Diesel particles exposure induce significant alterations in bronchial HBEC3 cells.•Xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress pathways are modulated.•Sub-chronic exposure conditions show significant pro-inflammatory effects.•Epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes, cell morphology and migration are affected.•Biomass particles exposed cells show minor effects also after sub-chronic exposure.
Diesel more than biomass UFP induce gene expression changes, inflammatory mediators release and phenotypical alterations. These effects were mostly observed after sub-chronic exposure.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>27194366</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.015</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental pollution (1987), 2016-08, Vol.215, p.366-375 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Air Pollutants - adverse effects Air Pollutants - analysis Biofuels Biomass Cells, Cultured Chemical characterization Diesel Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Environmental Exposure - analysis Fossil Fuels Heating - methods Humans Inflammation - etiology Inflammation - genetics Inflammation - metabolism In vitro toxicology Lung - cytology Lung - drug effects Lung - metabolism Metals - adverse effects Metals - analysis Oxidative Stress - drug effects Oxidative Stress - genetics Particle Size Particulate Matter - adverse effects Particulate Matter - chemistry Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - adverse effects Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis Respiratory Mucosa - cytology Respiratory Mucosa - drug effects Respiratory Mucosa - metabolism Soot - adverse effects Soot - chemistry Ultrafine particles Vehicle Emissions - analysis Xenobiotics - metabolism |
| title | Physico-chemical properties and biological effects of diesel and biomass particles |
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