Acute Toxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Three Aquatic Organisms
This study investigated the toxicity of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) to three aquatic organisms, namely, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia pulex, and Poecilia reticulata under the influence of exposure media properties specifically the ionic strength and organic matter represented...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of nanomaterials 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.1-19 |
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| creator | Wepener, Victor Musee, Ndeke Mamba, Bhekie B. Lukhele, Lungile P. |
| description | This study investigated the toxicity of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) to three aquatic organisms, namely, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia pulex, and Poecilia reticulata under the influence of exposure media properties specifically the ionic strength and organic matter represented by humic acid. Results indicated that ionic strength enhanced DWCNTs agglomeration whilst humic acid stabilized the CNTs and in turn inhibited the formation of aggregates. LC50s for D. pulex were higher at 2.81 and 4.45 mg/L for pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively; however, P. reticulata had lower values of 113.64 mg/L and 214.0 mg/L for the same CNTs correspondingly. P. subcapitata had EC50s of 17.95 mg/L and 10.93 mg/L for the pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively. In the presence of humic acid high DWCNTs acute toxicity towards D. pulex and P. reticulata was observed but ionic strength led to opposite effect irrespective of DWCNTs form. Both humic acid and ionic strength shielded the P. subcapitata from toxic effects of DWCNTs. Overall, our findings suggest that the toxicity of DWCNTs in the aquatic systems (i) will be dependent on media properties and (ii) is likely to proceed at different rates to organisms at different trophic levels. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2015/219074 |
| format | Article |
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Results indicated that ionic strength enhanced DWCNTs agglomeration whilst humic acid stabilized the CNTs and in turn inhibited the formation of aggregates. LC50s for D. pulex were higher at 2.81 and 4.45 mg/L for pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively; however, P. reticulata had lower values of 113.64 mg/L and 214.0 mg/L for the same CNTs correspondingly. P. subcapitata had EC50s of 17.95 mg/L and 10.93 mg/L for the pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively. In the presence of humic acid high DWCNTs acute toxicity towards D. pulex and P. reticulata was observed but ionic strength led to opposite effect irrespective of DWCNTs form. Both humic acid and ionic strength shielded the P. subcapitata from toxic effects of DWCNTs. Overall, our findings suggest that the toxicity of DWCNTs in the aquatic systems (i) will be dependent on media properties and (ii) is likely to proceed at different rates to organisms at different trophic levels.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1687-4110</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1687-4129</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2015/219074</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Agglomeration ; Carbon nanotubes ; Daphnia pulex ; Freshwater ; Humic acids ; Media ; Nanomaterials ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotubes ; Organisms ; Poecilia reticulata ; Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ; Strength ; Toxicity</subject><ispartof>Journal of nanomaterials, 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.1-19</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2015 Lungile P. Lukhele et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Lungile P. Lukhele et al. Lungile P. Lukhele et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a532t-37cf7b5be785a5b12226a9499a6580f78bae631210188a627db2091f88d9baf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a532t-37cf7b5be785a5b12226a9499a6580f78bae631210188a627db2091f88d9baf3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Sen, Biswarup</contributor><creatorcontrib>Wepener, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Musee, Ndeke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mamba, Bhekie B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lukhele, Lungile P.</creatorcontrib><title>Acute Toxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Three Aquatic Organisms</title><title>Journal of nanomaterials</title><description>This study investigated the toxicity of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) to three aquatic organisms, namely, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia pulex, and Poecilia reticulata under the influence of exposure media properties specifically the ionic strength and organic matter represented by humic acid. Results indicated that ionic strength enhanced DWCNTs agglomeration whilst humic acid stabilized the CNTs and in turn inhibited the formation of aggregates. LC50s for D. pulex were higher at 2.81 and 4.45 mg/L for pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively; however, P. reticulata had lower values of 113.64 mg/L and 214.0 mg/L for the same CNTs correspondingly. P. subcapitata had EC50s of 17.95 mg/L and 10.93 mg/L for the pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively. In the presence of humic acid high DWCNTs acute toxicity towards D. pulex and P. reticulata was observed but ionic strength led to opposite effect irrespective of DWCNTs form. Both humic acid and ionic strength shielded the P. subcapitata from toxic effects of DWCNTs. Overall, our findings suggest that the toxicity of DWCNTs in the aquatic systems (i) will be dependent on media properties and (ii) is likely to proceed at different rates to organisms at different trophic levels.</description><subject>Agglomeration</subject><subject>Carbon nanotubes</subject><subject>Daphnia pulex</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Humic acids</subject><subject>Media</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>Organisms</subject><subject>Poecilia reticulata</subject><subject>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</subject><subject>Strength</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><issn>1687-4110</issn><issn>1687-4129</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0c9LwzAUB_AiCs7pybsEvIhSzUuaJjmO-ROHuww8lpcudR1dsyUtuv_ejoqIl13ee4cPD977RtE50FsAIe4Yha6ApjI5iAaQKhknwPTh7wz0ODoJYUlpIrRgg-h1lLeNJTP3VeZlsyWuIPeuNZWN37Gq7JyM0RtXkzesXdMaG0jjyGzhrSWjTYtNmZOp_8C6DKtwGh0VWAV79tOH0ezxYTZ-jifTp5fxaBKj4KyJucwLaYSxUgkUBhhjKepEa0yFooVUBm3KgQEFpTBlcm4Y1VAoNdcGCz6Mrvq1a-82rQ1NtipDbqsKa-vakIGiikvJON1PJQWqGQDr6OU_unStr7s7su53ScJlkspO3fQq9y4Eb4ts7csV-m0GNNtFkO0iyPoIOn3d60VZz_Gz3IMvemw7Ygv8g1OleMK_AbIjjII</recordid><startdate>20150101</startdate><enddate>20150101</enddate><creator>Wepener, Victor</creator><creator>Musee, Ndeke</creator><creator>Mamba, Bhekie B.</creator><creator>Lukhele, Lungile P.</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150101</creationdate><title>Acute Toxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Three Aquatic Organisms</title><author>Wepener, Victor ; Musee, Ndeke ; Mamba, Bhekie B. ; Lukhele, Lungile P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a532t-37cf7b5be785a5b12226a9499a6580f78bae631210188a627db2091f88d9baf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Agglomeration</topic><topic>Carbon nanotubes</topic><topic>Daphnia pulex</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Humic acids</topic><topic>Media</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Nanotubes</topic><topic>Organisms</topic><topic>Poecilia reticulata</topic><topic>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</topic><topic>Strength</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wepener, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Musee, Ndeke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mamba, Bhekie B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lukhele, Lungile P.</creatorcontrib><collection>الدوريات العلمية والإحصائية - e-Marefa Academic and Statistical Periodicals</collection><collection>معرفة - المحتوى العربي الأكاديمي المتكامل - e-Marefa Academic Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of nanomaterials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wepener, Victor</au><au>Musee, Ndeke</au><au>Mamba, Bhekie B.</au><au>Lukhele, Lungile P.</au><au>Sen, Biswarup</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Acute Toxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Three Aquatic Organisms</atitle><jtitle>Journal of nanomaterials</jtitle><date>2015-01-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>2015</volume><issue>2015</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>19</epage><pages>1-19</pages><issn>1687-4110</issn><eissn>1687-4129</eissn><abstract>This study investigated the toxicity of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) to three aquatic organisms, namely, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia pulex, and Poecilia reticulata under the influence of exposure media properties specifically the ionic strength and organic matter represented by humic acid. Results indicated that ionic strength enhanced DWCNTs agglomeration whilst humic acid stabilized the CNTs and in turn inhibited the formation of aggregates. LC50s for D. pulex were higher at 2.81 and 4.45 mg/L for pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively; however, P. reticulata had lower values of 113.64 mg/L and 214.0 mg/L for the same CNTs correspondingly. P. subcapitata had EC50s of 17.95 mg/L and 10.93 mg/L for the pristine and oxidised DWCNTs, respectively. In the presence of humic acid high DWCNTs acute toxicity towards D. pulex and P. reticulata was observed but ionic strength led to opposite effect irrespective of DWCNTs form. Both humic acid and ionic strength shielded the P. subcapitata from toxic effects of DWCNTs. Overall, our findings suggest that the toxicity of DWCNTs in the aquatic systems (i) will be dependent on media properties and (ii) is likely to proceed at different rates to organisms at different trophic levels.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><doi>10.1155/2015/219074</doi><tpages>19</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agglomeration Carbon nanotubes Daphnia pulex Freshwater Humic acids Media Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotubes Organisms Poecilia reticulata Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Strength Toxicity |
| title | Acute Toxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Three Aquatic Organisms |
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