Earth's ion upflow associated with polar cap patches: Global and in situ observations
We report simultaneous global monitoring of a patch of ionization and in situ observation of ion upflow at the center of the polar cap region during a geomagnetic storm. Our observations indicate strong fluxes of upwelling O+ ions originating from frictional heating produced by rapid antisunward flo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2016-03, Vol.43 (5), p.1845-1853 |
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| creator | Zhang, Qing‐He Zong, Qiu‐Gang Lockwood, Michael Heelis, Roderick A. Hairston, Marc Liang, Jun McCrea, Ian Zhang, Bei‐Chen Moen, Jøran Zhang, Shun‐Rong Zhang, Yong‐Liang Ruohoniemi, J. Michael Lester, Mark Thomas, Evan G. Liu, Rui‐Yuan Dunlop, Malcolm W. Liu, Yong C.‐M. Ma, Yu‐Zhang |
| description | We report simultaneous global monitoring of a patch of ionization and in situ observation of ion upflow at the center of the polar cap region during a geomagnetic storm. Our observations indicate strong fluxes of upwelling O+ ions originating from frictional heating produced by rapid antisunward flow of the plasma patch. The statistical results from the crossings of the central polar cap region by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16–F18 from 2010 to 2013 confirm that the field‐aligned flow can turn upward when rapid antisunward flows appear, with consequent significant frictional heating of the ions, which overcomes the gravity effect. We suggest that such rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions in a region where downward flows are usually expected. These observations give new insight into the processes of ionosphere‐magnetosphere coupling.
Key Points
First simultaneous global monitoring of patch and in situ observation of ion upflow in the polar cap
Strong fluxes of upwelling O+ originating from frictional heating produced by rapid flow of patch
Rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2016GL067897 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
First simultaneous global monitoring of patch and in situ observation of ion upflow in the polar cap
Strong fluxes of upwelling O+ originating from frictional heating produced by rapid flow of patch
Rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2016GL067897</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Alignment ; Coupling ; Coupling (molecular) ; Defense programs ; Earth ; Fluxes ; Geomagnetism ; Geophysics ; Gravitation ; Gravity ; Gravity effects ; Heating ; ion upflow ; Ionization ; Ionosphere ; Ions ; Magnetosphere ; Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ; Magnetospheres ; Meteorological satellite program ; Meteorological satellites ; Monitoring ; Ocean circulation ; Patches (structures) ; polar cap patches ; Polar caps ; polar ionosphere ; Satellites ; Storms ; Upwelling</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2016-03, Vol.43 (5), p.1845-1853</ispartof><rights>2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4819-e227c0134fc09ba5a6749b687fae8b19e1cbe8f370079cbdd7c1dc19a59d27c23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4819-e227c0134fc09ba5a6749b687fae8b19e1cbe8f370079cbdd7c1dc19a59d27c23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2016GL067897$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2016GL067897$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,11493,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46443,46808,46867</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qing‐He</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zong, Qiu‐Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lockwood, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heelis, Roderick A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hairston, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCrea, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Bei‐Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moen, Jøran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yong‐Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruohoniemi, J. Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lester, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Evan G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Rui‐Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunlop, Malcolm W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yong C.‐M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Yu‐Zhang</creatorcontrib><title>Earth's ion upflow associated with polar cap patches: Global and in situ observations</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><description>We report simultaneous global monitoring of a patch of ionization and in situ observation of ion upflow at the center of the polar cap region during a geomagnetic storm. Our observations indicate strong fluxes of upwelling O+ ions originating from frictional heating produced by rapid antisunward flow of the plasma patch. The statistical results from the crossings of the central polar cap region by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16–F18 from 2010 to 2013 confirm that the field‐aligned flow can turn upward when rapid antisunward flows appear, with consequent significant frictional heating of the ions, which overcomes the gravity effect. We suggest that such rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions in a region where downward flows are usually expected. These observations give new insight into the processes of ionosphere‐magnetosphere coupling.
Key Points
First simultaneous global monitoring of patch and in situ observation of ion upflow in the polar cap
Strong fluxes of upwelling O+ originating from frictional heating produced by rapid flow of patch
Rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions</description><subject>Alignment</subject><subject>Coupling</subject><subject>Coupling (molecular)</subject><subject>Defense programs</subject><subject>Earth</subject><subject>Fluxes</subject><subject>Geomagnetism</subject><subject>Geophysics</subject><subject>Gravitation</subject><subject>Gravity</subject><subject>Gravity effects</subject><subject>Heating</subject><subject>ion upflow</subject><subject>Ionization</subject><subject>Ionosphere</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Magnetosphere</subject><subject>Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling</subject><subject>Magnetospheres</subject><subject>Meteorological satellite program</subject><subject>Meteorological satellites</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>Ocean circulation</subject><subject>Patches (structures)</subject><subject>polar cap patches</subject><subject>Polar caps</subject><subject>polar ionosphere</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Storms</subject><subject>Upwelling</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0U1LxDAQBuAgCq6rN39AwIMerM6kH0m8ybKuQkEQ91zSNGWzdJuatC777-2yHsSDeJo5PPPCzBByiXCHAOyeAWaLHDIuJD8iE5RJEgkAfkwmAHLsGc9OyVkIawCIIcYJWc6V71fXgVrX0qGrG7elKgSnrepNRbe2X9HONcpTrTraqV6vTHigi8aVqqGqrahtabD9QF0ZjP9U_RgUzslJrZpgLr7rlCyf5u-z5yh_XbzMHvNIJwJlZBjjGjBOag2yVKnKeCLLTPBaGVGiNKhLI-qYjztIXVYV11hplCqV1TjJ4im5OeR23n0MJvTFxgZtmka1xg2hQAEizkTC_kfHywGmI736Rddu8O24SIESkSGDBP9UnGcoWAb7rNuD0t6F4E1ddN5ulN8VCMX-acXPp42cHfjWNmb3py0Wb3magJTxF01ElcI</recordid><startdate>20160316</startdate><enddate>20160316</enddate><creator>Zhang, Qing‐He</creator><creator>Zong, Qiu‐Gang</creator><creator>Lockwood, Michael</creator><creator>Heelis, Roderick A.</creator><creator>Hairston, Marc</creator><creator>Liang, Jun</creator><creator>McCrea, Ian</creator><creator>Zhang, Bei‐Chen</creator><creator>Moen, Jøran</creator><creator>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creator><creator>Zhang, Yong‐Liang</creator><creator>Ruohoniemi, J. Michael</creator><creator>Lester, Mark</creator><creator>Thomas, Evan G.</creator><creator>Liu, Rui‐Yuan</creator><creator>Dunlop, Malcolm W.</creator><creator>Liu, Yong C.‐M.</creator><creator>Ma, Yu‐Zhang</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160316</creationdate><title>Earth's ion upflow associated with polar cap patches: Global and in situ observations</title><author>Zhang, Qing‐He ; Zong, Qiu‐Gang ; Lockwood, Michael ; Heelis, Roderick A. ; Hairston, Marc ; Liang, Jun ; McCrea, Ian ; Zhang, Bei‐Chen ; Moen, Jøran ; Zhang, Shun‐Rong ; Zhang, Yong‐Liang ; Ruohoniemi, J. Michael ; Lester, Mark ; Thomas, Evan G. ; Liu, Rui‐Yuan ; Dunlop, Malcolm W. ; Liu, Yong C.‐M. ; Ma, Yu‐Zhang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4819-e227c0134fc09ba5a6749b687fae8b19e1cbe8f370079cbdd7c1dc19a59d27c23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Alignment</topic><topic>Coupling</topic><topic>Coupling (molecular)</topic><topic>Defense programs</topic><topic>Earth</topic><topic>Fluxes</topic><topic>Geomagnetism</topic><topic>Geophysics</topic><topic>Gravitation</topic><topic>Gravity</topic><topic>Gravity effects</topic><topic>Heating</topic><topic>ion upflow</topic><topic>Ionization</topic><topic>Ionosphere</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Magnetosphere</topic><topic>Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling</topic><topic>Magnetospheres</topic><topic>Meteorological satellite program</topic><topic>Meteorological satellites</topic><topic>Monitoring</topic><topic>Ocean circulation</topic><topic>Patches (structures)</topic><topic>polar cap patches</topic><topic>Polar caps</topic><topic>polar ionosphere</topic><topic>Satellites</topic><topic>Storms</topic><topic>Upwelling</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qing‐He</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zong, Qiu‐Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lockwood, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heelis, Roderick A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hairston, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCrea, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Bei‐Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moen, Jøran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yong‐Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruohoniemi, J. Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lester, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Evan G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Rui‐Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunlop, Malcolm W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yong C.‐M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Yu‐Zhang</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Qing‐He</au><au>Zong, Qiu‐Gang</au><au>Lockwood, Michael</au><au>Heelis, Roderick A.</au><au>Hairston, Marc</au><au>Liang, Jun</au><au>McCrea, Ian</au><au>Zhang, Bei‐Chen</au><au>Moen, Jøran</au><au>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</au><au>Zhang, Yong‐Liang</au><au>Ruohoniemi, J. Michael</au><au>Lester, Mark</au><au>Thomas, Evan G.</au><au>Liu, Rui‐Yuan</au><au>Dunlop, Malcolm W.</au><au>Liu, Yong C.‐M.</au><au>Ma, Yu‐Zhang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Earth's ion upflow associated with polar cap patches: Global and in situ observations</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><date>2016-03-16</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1845</spage><epage>1853</epage><pages>1845-1853</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>We report simultaneous global monitoring of a patch of ionization and in situ observation of ion upflow at the center of the polar cap region during a geomagnetic storm. Our observations indicate strong fluxes of upwelling O+ ions originating from frictional heating produced by rapid antisunward flow of the plasma patch. The statistical results from the crossings of the central polar cap region by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16–F18 from 2010 to 2013 confirm that the field‐aligned flow can turn upward when rapid antisunward flows appear, with consequent significant frictional heating of the ions, which overcomes the gravity effect. We suggest that such rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions in a region where downward flows are usually expected. These observations give new insight into the processes of ionosphere‐magnetosphere coupling.
Key Points
First simultaneous global monitoring of patch and in situ observation of ion upflow in the polar cap
Strong fluxes of upwelling O+ originating from frictional heating produced by rapid flow of patch
Rapidly moving patches can provide an important source of upwelling ions</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/2016GL067897</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Geophysical research letters, 2016-03, Vol.43 (5), p.1845-1853 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Alignment Coupling Coupling (molecular) Defense programs Earth Fluxes Geomagnetism Geophysics Gravitation Gravity Gravity effects Heating ion upflow Ionization Ionosphere Ions Magnetosphere Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling Magnetospheres Meteorological satellite program Meteorological satellites Monitoring Ocean circulation Patches (structures) polar cap patches Polar caps polar ionosphere Satellites Storms Upwelling |
| title | Earth's ion upflow associated with polar cap patches: Global and in situ observations |
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