Performance of a MIMO Y-Shaped Antenna Array with Electromagnetic Vector Sensors

This paper developed a uniform Y-shaped array (UYA) in a 3-dimensional (3-D) environment. While introducing electromagnetic vector sensor (EVS), the closed-form expression of spatial fading correlation (SFC) was derived. The SFC was expressed in terms of azimuth and elevation angles of arrival and the geometry of an antenna array. The developed SFC can be used to determine the covariance matrixes at both transmitter and receiver hence the capacity can be calculated in a specific channel state. This paper studied on the performance of azimuth and elevation angles of arrival, azimuth spread and elevation spread on the SFC and the capacity of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. The performance comparison between antenna arrays while introducing EVS and the traditional scalar sensor array (SSA), as a uniform Y-shaped array and a uniform circular array (UCA), were made. Simulation results showed that comparing to SSA, the antenna array which introducing EVS had a significant advantage and, UCA and UYA both had its own superiorities. This investigation expanded the application of statistical channel model and optimized the study of terminal antenna array.