Increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticide in Taiwanese children
Summary Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is male predominated, and the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. Past studies have assessed the association of low‐level organophosphate pesticide exposure with childhood ADHD cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, the results ha...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Andrology (Oxford) 2016-07, Vol.4 (4), p.695-705 |
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| creator | Yu, C.‐J. Du, J.‐C. Chiou, H.‐C. Chung, M.‐Y. Yang, W. Chen, Y.‐S. Fuh, M.‐R. Chien, L.‐C. Hwang, B. Chen, M.‐L. |
| description | Summary
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is male predominated, and the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. Past studies have assessed the association of low‐level organophosphate pesticide exposure with childhood ADHD cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, the results have been inconsistent. A first case–control study was performed to investigate the relationship between organophosphate pesticide exposure and ADHD with adjusted covariates. We recruited 97 doctor‐diagnosed ADHD cases and 110 non‐ADHD controls who were 4–15 years of age. Exposure was assessed using urinary levels of dialkylphosphate metabolites, which are biomarkers of OP pesticide exposure. Blood lead levels and polymorphisms of two commonly verified dopaminergic‐related genes (the D4 dopamine receptor gene DRD4 and the dopamine transporter gene DAT1) were also analyzed. The sociodemographics and lifestyles of the children and of the mothers during pregnancy were collected using a questionnaire. The blood lead levels of both groups were similar (1.57 ± 0.73 vs. 1.73 ± 0.77 μg/dL, p = 0.15). Significant urinary concentration differences in one of the six dialkylphosphate metabolites, dimethylphosphate (DMP), were found between ADHD and control subjects (322.92 ± 315.68 vs. 224.37 ± 156.58 nmol/g cr., p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/andr.12183 |
| format | Article |
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Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is male predominated, and the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. Past studies have assessed the association of low‐level organophosphate pesticide exposure with childhood ADHD cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, the results have been inconsistent. A first case–control study was performed to investigate the relationship between organophosphate pesticide exposure and ADHD with adjusted covariates. We recruited 97 doctor‐diagnosed ADHD cases and 110 non‐ADHD controls who were 4–15 years of age. Exposure was assessed using urinary levels of dialkylphosphate metabolites, which are biomarkers of OP pesticide exposure. Blood lead levels and polymorphisms of two commonly verified dopaminergic‐related genes (the D4 dopamine receptor gene DRD4 and the dopamine transporter gene DAT1) were also analyzed. The sociodemographics and lifestyles of the children and of the mothers during pregnancy were collected using a questionnaire. The blood lead levels of both groups were similar (1.57 ± 0.73 vs. 1.73 ± 0.77 μg/dL, p = 0.15). Significant urinary concentration differences in one of the six dialkylphosphate metabolites, dimethylphosphate (DMP), were found between ADHD and control subjects (322.92 ± 315.68 vs. 224.37 ± 156.58 nmol/g cr., p < 0.01). A dose–response relationship was found between urinary concentrations of DMP and ADHD in both crude and adjusted analyses (p for trend<0.05). Children with higher urinary DMP concentrations may have a twofold to threefold increased risk of being diagnosed with ADHD. We report a dose–response relationship between child DMP levels and ADHD. Organophosphate pesticide exposure may have deleterious effects on children's neurodevelopment, particularly the development of ADHD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2047-2919</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2047-2927</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/andr.12183</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27070915</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>ADHD ; Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - chemically induced ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - etiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - metabolism ; Biomarkers - urine ; blood lead levels ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; dialkylphosphate metabolites ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects ; Female ; gene polymorphism ; Humans ; Lead - blood ; Male ; organophosphate pesticides ; Organophosphates - toxicity ; Organophosphorus Compounds - urine ; Pesticides - toxicity ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics ; Risk Factors ; Taiwan</subject><ispartof>Andrology (Oxford), 2016-07, Vol.4 (4), p.695-705</ispartof><rights>2016 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology</rights><rights>2016 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology.</rights><rights>Andrology © 2016 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4633-feb3b5cc42665cfc3e49e286657ce96d554eb6788ef6f0ab18d1de63910dd68e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4633-feb3b5cc42665cfc3e49e286657ce96d554eb6788ef6f0ab18d1de63910dd68e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fandr.12183$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fandr.12183$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27070915$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yu, C.‐J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, J.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiou, H.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chung, M.‐Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Y.‐S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuh, M.‐R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chien, L.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hwang, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, M.‐L.</creatorcontrib><title>Increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticide in Taiwanese children</title><title>Andrology (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Andrology</addtitle><description>Summary
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is male predominated, and the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. Past studies have assessed the association of low‐level organophosphate pesticide exposure with childhood ADHD cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, the results have been inconsistent. A first case–control study was performed to investigate the relationship between organophosphate pesticide exposure and ADHD with adjusted covariates. We recruited 97 doctor‐diagnosed ADHD cases and 110 non‐ADHD controls who were 4–15 years of age. Exposure was assessed using urinary levels of dialkylphosphate metabolites, which are biomarkers of OP pesticide exposure. Blood lead levels and polymorphisms of two commonly verified dopaminergic‐related genes (the D4 dopamine receptor gene DRD4 and the dopamine transporter gene DAT1) were also analyzed. The sociodemographics and lifestyles of the children and of the mothers during pregnancy were collected using a questionnaire. The blood lead levels of both groups were similar (1.57 ± 0.73 vs. 1.73 ± 0.77 μg/dL, p = 0.15). Significant urinary concentration differences in one of the six dialkylphosphate metabolites, dimethylphosphate (DMP), were found between ADHD and control subjects (322.92 ± 315.68 vs. 224.37 ± 156.58 nmol/g cr., p < 0.01). A dose–response relationship was found between urinary concentrations of DMP and ADHD in both crude and adjusted analyses (p for trend<0.05). Children with higher urinary DMP concentrations may have a twofold to threefold increased risk of being diagnosed with ADHD. We report a dose–response relationship between child DMP levels and ADHD. Organophosphate pesticide exposure may have deleterious effects on children's neurodevelopment, particularly the development of ADHD.</description><subject>ADHD</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - chemically induced</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - etiology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>blood lead levels</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>dialkylphosphate metabolites</subject><subject>Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lead - blood</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>organophosphate pesticides</subject><subject>Organophosphates - toxicity</subject><subject>Organophosphorus Compounds - urine</subject><subject>Pesticides - toxicity</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Taiwan</subject><issn>2047-2919</issn><issn>2047-2927</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9L5DAYh8OiqIxe_AAS8CLCaJK2aXoU_6yCuCB6LmnydhvtJDVJHefmcY_7GfeTmHHUg4d9CeQNPHn4wQ-hXUqOaJpjabU_ooyK7AfaYiQvp6xi5drXTqtNtBPCA0kjlodtoE1WkpJUtNhCf66s8iADaOxNeMSuxTJGsNE4--_1r4bWKBOPu8UAXqponk1cYG2C8xo8liE4ZWRMv-cmdhheBhdGDzg67Pxvad3QuTB0icADhJhcGrCx-E6aubQQAKvO9NqD3UbrrewD7HzcE3R_cX53ejm9_vXz6vTkeqpynmXTFpqsKZTKGeeFalUGeQVMpEepoOK6KHJoeCkEtLwlsqFCUw08qyjRmgvIJuhg5R28expTpnpmgoK-T3HcGGoqSMkEoaxM6P439MGN3qZ0S4oXWUWKIlGHK0p5F4KHth68mUm_qCmplxXVy4rq94oSvPehHJsZ6C_0s5AE0BUwNz0s_qOqT27OblfSN46yn_k</recordid><startdate>201607</startdate><enddate>201607</enddate><creator>Yu, C.‐J.</creator><creator>Du, J.‐C.</creator><creator>Chiou, H.‐C.</creator><creator>Chung, M.‐Y.</creator><creator>Yang, W.</creator><creator>Chen, Y.‐S.</creator><creator>Fuh, M.‐R.</creator><creator>Chien, L.‐C.</creator><creator>Hwang, B.</creator><creator>Chen, M.‐L.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201607</creationdate><title>Increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticide in Taiwanese children</title><author>Yu, C.‐J. ; Du, J.‐C. ; Chiou, H.‐C. ; Chung, M.‐Y. ; Yang, W. ; Chen, Y.‐S. ; Fuh, M.‐R. ; Chien, L.‐C. ; Hwang, B. ; Chen, M.‐L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4633-feb3b5cc42665cfc3e49e286657ce96d554eb6788ef6f0ab18d1de63910dd68e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>ADHD</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - chemically induced</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - etiology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>blood lead levels</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>dialkylphosphate metabolites</topic><topic>Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lead - blood</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>organophosphate pesticides</topic><topic>Organophosphates - toxicity</topic><topic>Organophosphorus Compounds - urine</topic><topic>Pesticides - toxicity</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Taiwan</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yu, C.‐J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, J.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiou, H.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chung, M.‐Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Y.‐S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuh, M.‐R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chien, L.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hwang, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, M.‐L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Andrology (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yu, C.‐J.</au><au>Du, J.‐C.</au><au>Chiou, H.‐C.</au><au>Chung, M.‐Y.</au><au>Yang, W.</au><au>Chen, Y.‐S.</au><au>Fuh, M.‐R.</au><au>Chien, L.‐C.</au><au>Hwang, B.</au><au>Chen, M.‐L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticide in Taiwanese children</atitle><jtitle>Andrology (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Andrology</addtitle><date>2016-07</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>695</spage><epage>705</epage><pages>695-705</pages><issn>2047-2919</issn><eissn>2047-2927</eissn><abstract>Summary
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is male predominated, and the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. Past studies have assessed the association of low‐level organophosphate pesticide exposure with childhood ADHD cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, the results have been inconsistent. A first case–control study was performed to investigate the relationship between organophosphate pesticide exposure and ADHD with adjusted covariates. We recruited 97 doctor‐diagnosed ADHD cases and 110 non‐ADHD controls who were 4–15 years of age. Exposure was assessed using urinary levels of dialkylphosphate metabolites, which are biomarkers of OP pesticide exposure. Blood lead levels and polymorphisms of two commonly verified dopaminergic‐related genes (the D4 dopamine receptor gene DRD4 and the dopamine transporter gene DAT1) were also analyzed. The sociodemographics and lifestyles of the children and of the mothers during pregnancy were collected using a questionnaire. The blood lead levels of both groups were similar (1.57 ± 0.73 vs. 1.73 ± 0.77 μg/dL, p = 0.15). Significant urinary concentration differences in one of the six dialkylphosphate metabolites, dimethylphosphate (DMP), were found between ADHD and control subjects (322.92 ± 315.68 vs. 224.37 ± 156.58 nmol/g cr., p < 0.01). A dose–response relationship was found between urinary concentrations of DMP and ADHD in both crude and adjusted analyses (p for trend<0.05). Children with higher urinary DMP concentrations may have a twofold to threefold increased risk of being diagnosed with ADHD. We report a dose–response relationship between child DMP levels and ADHD. Organophosphate pesticide exposure may have deleterious effects on children's neurodevelopment, particularly the development of ADHD.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>27070915</pmid><doi>10.1111/andr.12183</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ADHD Adolescent Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - chemically induced Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - etiology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - metabolism Biomarkers - urine blood lead levels Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool dialkylphosphate metabolites Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Female gene polymorphism Humans Lead - blood Male organophosphate pesticides Organophosphates - toxicity Organophosphorus Compounds - urine Pesticides - toxicity Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics Risk Factors Taiwan |
| title | Increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticide in Taiwanese children |
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