Decorating the Edges of a 2D Polymer with a Fluorescence Label

This work proves the existence and chemical addressability of defined edge groups of a 2D polymer. Pseudohexagonally prismatic single crystals consisting of layered stacks of a 2D polymer are used. They should expose anthracene-based edge groups at the six (100) but not at the two pseudohexagonal (001) and (001̅) faces. The crystals are reacted with the isotopically enriched dienophiles maleic anhydride and a C18-alkyl chain-modified maleimide. In both cases the corresponding Diels–Alder adducts between these reagents and the edge groups are formed as confirmed by solid state NMR spectroscopy. The same applies to a maleimide derivative carrying a BODIPY dye which was chosen for its fluorescence to be out of the range of the self-fluorescence of the 2D polymer crystals stemming from contained template molecules. If the crystals are excited at λ = 633 nm, their (100) faces and thus their rims fluoresce brightly, while the pseudohexagonal faces remain silent. This is visible when the crystals lie on a pseudohexagonal face. Lambda-mode laser scanning microscopy confirms this fluorescence to originate from the BODIPY dye. Micromechanical exfoliation of the dye-modified crystals results in thinner sheet packages which still exhibit BODIPY fluorescence right at the rim of these packages. This work establishes the chemical nature of the edge groups of a 2D polymer and is also the first implementation of an edge group modification similar to end group modifications of linear polymers.