Focalization in the presence of internal waves

Focalization is an approach for localizing an acoustic source in a medium with environmental uncertainties [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90, 1410–1422 (1991)]. With this approach, key environmental parameters are adjusted in an attempt to bring the source into focus and determine its location. This approach has proven to be effective for problems involving deterministic environmental parameters. Due to the nature of the parameter space, focalization should also be effective for problems involving uncertain stochastic parameters. Due to a parameter hierarchy in which source parameters are more important than environmental parameters, it is often possible to localize the source without determining the correct environmental parameters. This paper will investigate focalization in the presence of internal waves, which are often sufficient to cause conventional localization techniques to fail. [Work supported by ONR.]