A simple model of karst spring flow using modified NRCS procedures
A simple model of spring flow in a karst watershed with numerous sinkholes is presented. The watershed is divided into subwatersheds and runoff volume calculated using the NRCS curve number procedure with corrections for actual antecedent moisture conditions using the 5-day antecedent rainfall volum...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam) 2004-02, Vol.287 (1), p.34-48 |
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| container_title | Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam) |
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| creator | Barfield, B.J. Felton, G.K. Stevens, E.W. McCann, M. |
| description | A simple model of spring flow in a karst watershed with numerous sinkholes is presented. The watershed is divided into subwatersheds and runoff volume calculated using the NRCS curve number procedure with corrections for actual antecedent moisture conditions using the 5-day antecedent rainfall volume as a parameter. The peak discharge for each subwatershed is calculated with the TR-55 unit discharge equations with time of concentration corrected for the flow through the epikarst and routed exponentially to the spring, using a calibration coefficient. Total discharge at the spring is calculated by summing attenuated peaks from each subwatershed, using a weighting factor based on the predicted arrival time for each peak flow. The model was calibrated on long-term flow data collected at the spring. The calibrated model was then evaluated on four storms measured subsequent to the calibration. The results were acceptable for all but one storm, but indicate the need for improved runoff volume calculation methods in karst watersheds. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.09.031 |
| format | Article |
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The watershed is divided into subwatersheds and runoff volume calculated using the NRCS curve number procedure with corrections for actual antecedent moisture conditions using the 5-day antecedent rainfall volume as a parameter. The peak discharge for each subwatershed is calculated with the TR-55 unit discharge equations with time of concentration corrected for the flow through the epikarst and routed exponentially to the spring, using a calibration coefficient. Total discharge at the spring is calculated by summing attenuated peaks from each subwatershed, using a weighting factor based on the predicted arrival time for each peak flow. The model was calibrated on long-term flow data collected at the spring. The calibrated model was then evaluated on four storms measured subsequent to the calibration. The results were acceptable for all but one storm, but indicate the need for improved runoff volume calculation methods in karst watersheds.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1694</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2707</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.09.031</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JHYDA7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; Freshwater ; Hydrograph ; Hydrology ; Hydrology. 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The watershed is divided into subwatersheds and runoff volume calculated using the NRCS curve number procedure with corrections for actual antecedent moisture conditions using the 5-day antecedent rainfall volume as a parameter. The peak discharge for each subwatershed is calculated with the TR-55 unit discharge equations with time of concentration corrected for the flow through the epikarst and routed exponentially to the spring, using a calibration coefficient. Total discharge at the spring is calculated by summing attenuated peaks from each subwatershed, using a weighting factor based on the predicted arrival time for each peak flow. The model was calibrated on long-term flow data collected at the spring. The calibrated model was then evaluated on four storms measured subsequent to the calibration. The results were acceptable for all but one storm, but indicate the need for improved runoff volume calculation methods in karst watersheds.</description><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Hydrograph</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Karst</subject><subject>Natural Resources Conservation Service</subject><subject>Peak discharge</subject><subject>Sinkholes</subject><subject>Spring flow</subject><issn>0022-1694</issn><issn>1879-2707</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWKs_QchFb7tONk3SnKQWv0AU_DiHNB-amu7WpFX6783SgkfnMnN4Zl7mQeiUQE2A8It5Pf_Y2NTFugGgNcgaKNlDAzIWsmoEiH00AGiainA5OkRHOc-hFKWjAbqa4BwWy-jworMu4s7jT53yCudlCu079rH7wevcjwUIPjiLH5-nL3iZOuPsOrl8jA68jtmd7PoQvd1cv07vqoen2_vp5KHSVJJVNWOCGSBgOBCmrebeUc-1k8xbLWjjueV-JBnMKBN2Jqyh1I6FkFZLarinQ3S-vVuiv9Yur9QiZONi1K3r1lmRMTAYc1FAtgVN6nJOzqvyy0KnjSKgemNqrnbGVG9MgVTFWNk72wXobHT0Sbcm5L9lxhrCm5673HKufPsdXFLZBNcWHSE5s1K2C_8k_QI254Qv</recordid><startdate>20040225</startdate><enddate>20040225</enddate><creator>Barfield, B.J.</creator><creator>Felton, G.K.</creator><creator>Stevens, E.W.</creator><creator>McCann, M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040225</creationdate><title>A simple model of karst spring flow using modified NRCS procedures</title><author>Barfield, B.J. ; Felton, G.K. ; Stevens, E.W. ; McCann, M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a391t-b575c010c6015ada6fe3f6ae95fda732f6d6f4950b357db7dc33d8779da93c6f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Hydrograph</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Karst</topic><topic>Natural Resources Conservation Service</topic><topic>Peak discharge</topic><topic>Sinkholes</topic><topic>Spring flow</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Barfield, B.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Felton, G.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stevens, E.W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCann, M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Barfield, B.J.</au><au>Felton, G.K.</au><au>Stevens, E.W.</au><au>McCann, M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A simple model of karst spring flow using modified NRCS procedures</atitle><jtitle>Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam)</jtitle><date>2004-02-25</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>287</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>34</spage><epage>48</epage><pages>34-48</pages><issn>0022-1694</issn><eissn>1879-2707</eissn><coden>JHYDA7</coden><abstract>A simple model of spring flow in a karst watershed with numerous sinkholes is presented. The watershed is divided into subwatersheds and runoff volume calculated using the NRCS curve number procedure with corrections for actual antecedent moisture conditions using the 5-day antecedent rainfall volume as a parameter. The peak discharge for each subwatershed is calculated with the TR-55 unit discharge equations with time of concentration corrected for the flow through the epikarst and routed exponentially to the spring, using a calibration coefficient. Total discharge at the spring is calculated by summing attenuated peaks from each subwatershed, using a weighting factor based on the predicted arrival time for each peak flow. The model was calibrated on long-term flow data collected at the spring. The calibrated model was then evaluated on four storms measured subsequent to the calibration. The results were acceptable for all but one storm, but indicate the need for improved runoff volume calculation methods in karst watersheds.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.09.031</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Freshwater Hydrograph Hydrology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Karst Natural Resources Conservation Service Peak discharge Sinkholes Spring flow |
| title | A simple model of karst spring flow using modified NRCS procedures |
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