Insights into foraminiferal influences on microfabrics of microbialites at Highborne Cay, Bahamas

Microbialites, which are organosedimentary structures formed by microbial communities through binding and trapping and/or in situ precipitation, have a wide array of distinctive morphologies and long geologic record. The origin of morphological variability is hotly debated; elucidating the cause or...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2013-06, Vol.110 (24), p.9830-9834
Hauptverfasser: Bernhard, Joan M., Edgcomb, Virginia P., Visscher, Pieter T., McIntyre-Wressnig, Anna, Summons, Roger E., Bouxsein, Mary L., Louis, Leeann, Jeglinski, Marleen
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container_issue 24
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container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
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creator Bernhard, Joan M.
Edgcomb, Virginia P.
Visscher, Pieter T.
McIntyre-Wressnig, Anna
Summons, Roger E.
Bouxsein, Mary L.
Louis, Leeann
Jeglinski, Marleen
description Microbialites, which are organosedimentary structures formed by microbial communities through binding and trapping and/or in situ precipitation, have a wide array of distinctive morphologies and long geologic record. The origin of morphological variability is hotly debated; elucidating the cause or causes of microfabric differences could provide insights into ecosystem functioning and biogeochemistry during much of Earth’s history. Although rare today, morphologically distinct, co-occurring extant microbialites provide the opportunity to examine and compare microbial communities that may be responsible for establishing and modifying microbialite microfabrics. Highborne Cay, Bahamas, has extant laminated (i.e., stromatolites) and clotted (i.e., thrombolites) marine microbialites in close proximity, allowing focused questions about how community composition relates to physical attributes. Considerable knowledge exists about prokaryotic composition of microbialite mats (i.e., stromatolitic and thrombolitic mats), but little is known about their eukaryotic communities, especially regarding heterotrophic taxa. Thus, the heterotrophic eukaryotic communities of Highborne stromatolites and thrombolites were studied. Here, we show that diverse foraminiferal communities inhabit microbialite mat surfaces and subsurfaces; thecate foraminifera are relatively abundant in all microbialite types, especially thrombolitic mats; foraminifera stabilize grains in mats; and thecate reticulopod activities can impact stromatolitic mat lamination. Accordingly, and in light of foraminiferal impacts on modern microbialites, our results indicate that the microbialite fossil record may reflect the impact of the radiation of these protists.
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Thus, the heterotrophic eukaryotic communities of Highborne stromatolites and thrombolites were studied. Here, we show that diverse foraminiferal communities inhabit microbialite mat surfaces and subsurfaces; thecate foraminifera are relatively abundant in all microbialite types, especially thrombolitic mats; foraminifera stabilize grains in mats; and thecate reticulopod activities can impact stromatolitic mat lamination. 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The origin of morphological variability is hotly debated; elucidating the cause or causes of microfabric differences could provide insights into ecosystem functioning and biogeochemistry during much of Earth’s history. Although rare today, morphologically distinct, co-occurring extant microbialites provide the opportunity to examine and compare microbial communities that may be responsible for establishing and modifying microbialite microfabrics. Highborne Cay, Bahamas, has extant laminated (i.e., stromatolites) and clotted (i.e., thrombolites) marine microbialites in close proximity, allowing focused questions about how community composition relates to physical attributes. Considerable knowledge exists about prokaryotic composition of microbialite mats (i.e., stromatolitic and thrombolitic mats), but little is known about their eukaryotic communities, especially regarding heterotrophic taxa. Thus, the heterotrophic eukaryotic communities of Highborne stromatolites and thrombolites were studied. Here, we show that diverse foraminiferal communities inhabit microbialite mat surfaces and subsurfaces; thecate foraminifera are relatively abundant in all microbialite types, especially thrombolitic mats; foraminifera stabilize grains in mats; and thecate reticulopod activities can impact stromatolitic mat lamination. Accordingly, and in light of foraminiferal impacts on modern microbialites, our results indicate that the microbialite fossil record may reflect the impact of the radiation of these protists.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>23716649</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.1221721110</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Bacteria
Bahamas
Biofilms
Biogeochemistry
Biological Sciences
Carbonates
community structure
Diatoms
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Ecosystem
ecosystems
Environmental Monitoring
Eukaryotes
Exact sciences and technology
Foraminifera - classification
Foraminifera - genetics
Foraminifera - growth & development
Fossils
Geologic Sediments - chemistry
Geologic Sediments - microbiology
grains
Invertebrate paleontology
Keys
Laminates
microbial communities
Microscopy, Confocal
Molecular Sequence Data
Morphology
Paleobotany
Paleontology
Population Density
Precipitation
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics
rRNA genes
Seawater - chemistry
Seawater - microbiology
Sediments
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Species Specificity
Stratigraphy
Stromatolites
trapping
X-Ray Microtomography
title Insights into foraminiferal influences on microfabrics of microbialites at Highborne Cay, Bahamas
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