The oral health of people with chronic schizophrenia: A neglected public health burden
Objective: People with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of physical ill-health such as heart disease. However, there has been less attention to the issue of poor oral health including dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal (gum) disease, although both have consequences for quality of life...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry 2016-07, Vol.50 (7), p.685-694 |
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| container_title | Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry |
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| creator | Wey, Mang Chek Loh, SiewYim Doss, Jennifer Geraldine Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir Kisely, Steve |
| description | Objective:
People with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of physical ill-health such as heart disease. However, there has been less attention to the issue of poor oral health including dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal (gum) disease, although both have consequences for quality of life and systemic physical health. We therefore measured tooth decay and gum disease in Malaysians with schizophrenia.
Methods:
We recruited long-stay inpatients with schizophrenia from June to October 2014. Four dental specialists assessed oral health using the decayed–missing–filled teeth index, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and the Debris Index of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Results were compared with the 2010 Oral Health survey of the general Malaysian population.
Results:
A total of 543 patients participated (66.7% males, 33.3% females; mean age = 54.8 years [standard deviation = 16.0]) with a mean illness duration of 18.4 years (standard deviation = 17.1). The mean decayed–missing–filled teeth was 20.5 (standard deviation = 9.9), almost double that of the general population (11.7). Higher decayed–missing–filled teeth scores were associated with both older age (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0004867415615947 |
| format | Article |
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People with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of physical ill-health such as heart disease. However, there has been less attention to the issue of poor oral health including dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal (gum) disease, although both have consequences for quality of life and systemic physical health. We therefore measured tooth decay and gum disease in Malaysians with schizophrenia.
Methods:
We recruited long-stay inpatients with schizophrenia from June to October 2014. Four dental specialists assessed oral health using the decayed–missing–filled teeth index, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and the Debris Index of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Results were compared with the 2010 Oral Health survey of the general Malaysian population.
Results:
A total of 543 patients participated (66.7% males, 33.3% females; mean age = 54.8 years [standard deviation = 16.0]) with a mean illness duration of 18.4 years (standard deviation = 17.1). The mean decayed–missing–filled teeth was 20.5 (standard deviation = 9.9), almost double that of the general population (11.7). Higher decayed–missing–filled teeth scores were associated with both older age (p < 0.001) and longer illness duration (p = 0.048). Only 1% (n = 6) had healthy gums. Levels of decay and periodontal disease were greatest in those aged between 45 and 64 years, coinciding with the onset of tooth loss.
Conclusion:
Dental disease in people with schizophrenia deserves the same attention as other comorbid physical illness. The disparity in oral health is most marked for dental decay. Possible interventions include oral health assessments using standard checklists designed for non-dental personnel, help with oral hygiene, management of iatrogenic dry mouth and early dental referral.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0004-8674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1440-1614</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0004867415615947</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26560842</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Comorbidity ; Cost of Illness ; Dental Caries - epidemiology ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Malaysia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene Index ; Periodontal Index ; Public Health ; Quality of Life ; Schizophrenia - complications ; Tooth Loss - epidemiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2016-07, Vol.50 (7), p.685-694</ispartof><rights>The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2015</rights><rights>The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2015.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-394b905d3eec35cf0c9ee709c0da4a63a918e412c2159f91da90997617a896613</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-394b905d3eec35cf0c9ee709c0da4a63a918e412c2159f91da90997617a896613</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0004867415615947$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0004867415615947$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26560842$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wey, Mang Chek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loh, SiewYim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doss, Jennifer Geraldine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kisely, Steve</creatorcontrib><title>The oral health of people with chronic schizophrenia: A neglected public health burden</title><title>Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry</title><addtitle>Aust N Z J Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Objective:
People with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of physical ill-health such as heart disease. However, there has been less attention to the issue of poor oral health including dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal (gum) disease, although both have consequences for quality of life and systemic physical health. We therefore measured tooth decay and gum disease in Malaysians with schizophrenia.
Methods:
We recruited long-stay inpatients with schizophrenia from June to October 2014. Four dental specialists assessed oral health using the decayed–missing–filled teeth index, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and the Debris Index of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Results were compared with the 2010 Oral Health survey of the general Malaysian population.
Results:
A total of 543 patients participated (66.7% males, 33.3% females; mean age = 54.8 years [standard deviation = 16.0]) with a mean illness duration of 18.4 years (standard deviation = 17.1). The mean decayed–missing–filled teeth was 20.5 (standard deviation = 9.9), almost double that of the general population (11.7). Higher decayed–missing–filled teeth scores were associated with both older age (p < 0.001) and longer illness duration (p = 0.048). Only 1% (n = 6) had healthy gums. Levels of decay and periodontal disease were greatest in those aged between 45 and 64 years, coinciding with the onset of tooth loss.
Conclusion:
Dental disease in people with schizophrenia deserves the same attention as other comorbid physical illness. The disparity in oral health is most marked for dental decay. Possible interventions include oral health assessments using standard checklists designed for non-dental personnel, help with oral hygiene, management of iatrogenic dry mouth and early dental referral.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Cost of Illness</subject><subject>Dental Caries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health Promotion</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Malaysia</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Oral Health</subject><subject>Oral Hygiene Index</subject><subject>Periodontal Index</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - complications</subject><subject>Tooth Loss - epidemiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0004-8674</issn><issn>1440-1614</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kL1PwzAUxC0EoqWwMyGPLAG_2LFjtqriS6rEUlgjx3lpUqVxsBMh-OtJ1cKAxPT0dL876Y6QS2A3AErdMsZEKpWAREKihToiUxCCRSBBHJPpTo52-oSchbBhDDgk6pRMYplIlop4St5WFVLnTUMrNE1fUVfSDl3XIP2ox9dW3rW1pcFW9ZfrKo9tbe7onLa4btD2WNBuyJuROPjzwRfYnpOT0jQBLw53Rl4f7leLp2j58vi8mC8jy7nqI65FrllScETLE1syqxEV05YVRhjJjYYUBcQ2HuuVGgqjmdZKgjKplhL4jFzvczvv3gcMfbatg8WmMS26IWSQsljxRAk-omyPWu9C8Fhmna-3xn9mwLLdmtnfNUfL1SF9yLdY_Bp-5huBaA8Es8Zs4wbfjm3_D_wGjQ57VA</recordid><startdate>201607</startdate><enddate>201607</enddate><creator>Wey, Mang Chek</creator><creator>Loh, SiewYim</creator><creator>Doss, Jennifer Geraldine</creator><creator>Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir</creator><creator>Kisely, Steve</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201607</creationdate><title>The oral health of people with chronic schizophrenia: A neglected public health burden</title><author>Wey, Mang Chek ; Loh, SiewYim ; Doss, Jennifer Geraldine ; Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir ; Kisely, Steve</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-394b905d3eec35cf0c9ee709c0da4a63a918e412c2159f91da90997617a896613</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Cost of Illness</topic><topic>Dental Caries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health Promotion</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Malaysia</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Oral Health</topic><topic>Oral Hygiene Index</topic><topic>Periodontal Index</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - complications</topic><topic>Tooth Loss - epidemiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wey, Mang Chek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loh, SiewYim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doss, Jennifer Geraldine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kisely, Steve</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wey, Mang Chek</au><au>Loh, SiewYim</au><au>Doss, Jennifer Geraldine</au><au>Abu Bakar, Abdul Kadir</au><au>Kisely, Steve</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The oral health of people with chronic schizophrenia: A neglected public health burden</atitle><jtitle>Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>Aust N Z J Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2016-07</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>685</spage><epage>694</epage><pages>685-694</pages><issn>0004-8674</issn><eissn>1440-1614</eissn><abstract>Objective:
People with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of physical ill-health such as heart disease. However, there has been less attention to the issue of poor oral health including dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal (gum) disease, although both have consequences for quality of life and systemic physical health. We therefore measured tooth decay and gum disease in Malaysians with schizophrenia.
Methods:
We recruited long-stay inpatients with schizophrenia from June to October 2014. Four dental specialists assessed oral health using the decayed–missing–filled teeth index, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and the Debris Index of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Results were compared with the 2010 Oral Health survey of the general Malaysian population.
Results:
A total of 543 patients participated (66.7% males, 33.3% females; mean age = 54.8 years [standard deviation = 16.0]) with a mean illness duration of 18.4 years (standard deviation = 17.1). The mean decayed–missing–filled teeth was 20.5 (standard deviation = 9.9), almost double that of the general population (11.7). Higher decayed–missing–filled teeth scores were associated with both older age (p < 0.001) and longer illness duration (p = 0.048). Only 1% (n = 6) had healthy gums. Levels of decay and periodontal disease were greatest in those aged between 45 and 64 years, coinciding with the onset of tooth loss.
Conclusion:
Dental disease in people with schizophrenia deserves the same attention as other comorbid physical illness. The disparity in oral health is most marked for dental decay. Possible interventions include oral health assessments using standard checklists designed for non-dental personnel, help with oral hygiene, management of iatrogenic dry mouth and early dental referral.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>26560842</pmid><doi>10.1177/0004867415615947</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2016-07, Vol.50 (7), p.685-694 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Aged Aged, 80 and over Comorbidity Cost of Illness Dental Caries - epidemiology Female Health Promotion Humans Linear Models Logistic Models Malaysia Male Middle Aged Oral Health Oral Hygiene Index Periodontal Index Public Health Quality of Life Schizophrenia - complications Tooth Loss - epidemiology Young Adult |
| title | The oral health of people with chronic schizophrenia: A neglected public health burden |
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