Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study
Context: The concept of cardiovascular health was recently introduced. Sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) influence different health domains, but no studies assessed their role in cardiovascular health. Objective: To assess the association between estradiol (E2), testosterone (T),...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016-07, Vol.101 (7), p.2844-2852 |
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| container_title | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism |
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| creator | Jaspers, Loes Dhana, Klodian Muka, Taulant Meun, Cindy Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C Hofman, Albert Laven, Joop S. E Franco, Oscar H Kavousi, Maryam |
| description | Context:
The concept of cardiovascular health was recently introduced. Sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) influence different health domains, but no studies assessed their role in cardiovascular health.
Objective:
To assess the association between estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), SHBG, and free androgen index (FAI) with cardiovascular health.
Design, setting, and participants:
Analyses included 1647 men (68.6 y) and 1564 naturally postmenopausal women (69.6 y) with available data on sex steroids and cardiovascular health from the population-based Rotterdam Study.
Exposures:
E2, T, SHBG, and FAI.
Outcome:
To define cardiovascular health, 7 metrics including 3 health factors (total cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure) and 4 health behaviors (physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and diet) were adopted. Three category levels of each metric were added up to a total score ranged 0–14. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between E2, T, SHBG, and FAI and optimal cardiovascular health (OCH) (score of 11–14).
Results:
OCH was reached by 153 men (9.3%) and 162 women (10.4%). The prevalence of OCH was higher in the lowest tertile of E2 (38.9%), and of T (43.8%), and the highest tertile of SHBG (48.1%) in women, and the highest tertile of T (43.1%) and SHBG (47.1%) in men. After adjustment for confounders, OCH was associated with lower T (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, 0.69 [0.48–1.00]) and lower FAI (0.43 [0.32–0.57]) and higher levels of SHBG (4.55 [2.99–6.94]) among women and with higher levels of SHBG (2.56 [1.45–4.49]) in men.
Conclusions:
OCH was associated with sex steroids and with SHBG in both men and women. The complexity and temporality of the interrelation between sex steroids, SHBG, and cardiovascular health requires further investigation.
Lower levels of testosterone were associated with cardiovascular health in women, and higher levels of sex hormone-binding globulin were associated with cardiovascular health in both men and women. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1210/jc.2016-1435 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1802469739</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1210/jc.2016-1435</oup_id><sourcerecordid>3164380197</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4789-9c812718d9802532b69862291158acfa2137da91f0f69447ef222766c26611c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kcGP1CAUxhujcWdXb55NEw962K48oFC86UR3TNZo3En0RhigTscWRii7zn8vtaMmRkkIeeHH9z7eVxSPAF0ABvR8py8wAlYBJfWdYgGC1hUHwe8WC4QwVILjzyfFaYw7hIDSmtwvTjAHRkjNF8Xh2n4vr0cbfGfieTlVKx8G72z1qnOmc1_Ky95vUt-5UjlTLlUwnb9RUadehXJlVT9uy3z5zs7ABx_HwTq_Vymqvvzkc_GiXG9t-dGPuY9RQ-6XzOFBca9VfbQPj-dZsX7zer1cVVfvL98uX15VmvJGVEI3kO02RjQI1wRvmGgYxgKgbpRuFQbCjRLQopYJSrltMcacMY0ZA9DkrHg2y-6D_5ZsHOXQRW37XjnrU5SQZSkTnIiMPvkL3fkUXDYnCTBKGpTHmqnzmdLBxxhsK_ehG1Q4SEBySkTutJwSkVMiGX98FE2bwZrf8K8IMkBn4Nb3eT7xa59ubZDbn5OVKC_KeFNNiojnqsobT2afzs982v_PQXV0QGbSOuN16JzdBxvjn8_90_cPHI-w9g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3164380197</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study</title><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Journals@Ovid Complete</source><creator>Jaspers, Loes ; Dhana, Klodian ; Muka, Taulant ; Meun, Cindy ; Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C ; Hofman, Albert ; Laven, Joop S. E ; Franco, Oscar H ; Kavousi, Maryam</creator><creatorcontrib>Jaspers, Loes ; Dhana, Klodian ; Muka, Taulant ; Meun, Cindy ; Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C ; Hofman, Albert ; Laven, Joop S. E ; Franco, Oscar H ; Kavousi, Maryam</creatorcontrib><description>Context:
The concept of cardiovascular health was recently introduced. Sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) influence different health domains, but no studies assessed their role in cardiovascular health.
Objective:
To assess the association between estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), SHBG, and free androgen index (FAI) with cardiovascular health.
Design, setting, and participants:
Analyses included 1647 men (68.6 y) and 1564 naturally postmenopausal women (69.6 y) with available data on sex steroids and cardiovascular health from the population-based Rotterdam Study.
Exposures:
E2, T, SHBG, and FAI.
Outcome:
To define cardiovascular health, 7 metrics including 3 health factors (total cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure) and 4 health behaviors (physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and diet) were adopted. Three category levels of each metric were added up to a total score ranged 0–14. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between E2, T, SHBG, and FAI and optimal cardiovascular health (OCH) (score of 11–14).
Results:
OCH was reached by 153 men (9.3%) and 162 women (10.4%). The prevalence of OCH was higher in the lowest tertile of E2 (38.9%), and of T (43.8%), and the highest tertile of SHBG (48.1%) in women, and the highest tertile of T (43.1%) and SHBG (47.1%) in men. After adjustment for confounders, OCH was associated with lower T (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, 0.69 [0.48–1.00]) and lower FAI (0.43 [0.32–0.57]) and higher levels of SHBG (4.55 [2.99–6.94]) among women and with higher levels of SHBG (2.56 [1.45–4.49]) in men.
Conclusions:
OCH was associated with sex steroids and with SHBG in both men and women. The complexity and temporality of the interrelation between sex steroids, SHBG, and cardiovascular health requires further investigation.
Lower levels of testosterone were associated with cardiovascular health in women, and higher levels of sex hormone-binding globulin were associated with cardiovascular health in both men and women.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-972X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7197</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1435</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27163357</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>17β-Estradiol ; Aged ; Blood pressure ; Body mass index ; Cardiovascular Diseases - blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Cholesterol ; Female ; Globulins ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood ; Health ; Humans ; Male ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Physical activity ; Population studies ; Post-menopause ; Postmenopause - blood ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - metabolism ; Sex hormones ; Steroid hormones ; Steroids ; Testosterone ; Women</subject><ispartof>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016-07, Vol.101 (7), p.2844-2852</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2016 by the Endocrine Society</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 by the Endocrine Society 2016</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 by The Endocrine Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4789-9c812718d9802532b69862291158acfa2137da91f0f69447ef222766c26611c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27163357$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jaspers, Loes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhana, Klodian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muka, Taulant</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meun, Cindy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hofman, Albert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laven, Joop S. E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franco, Oscar H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kavousi, Maryam</creatorcontrib><title>Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study</title><title>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</title><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><description>Context:
The concept of cardiovascular health was recently introduced. Sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) influence different health domains, but no studies assessed their role in cardiovascular health.
Objective:
To assess the association between estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), SHBG, and free androgen index (FAI) with cardiovascular health.
Design, setting, and participants:
Analyses included 1647 men (68.6 y) and 1564 naturally postmenopausal women (69.6 y) with available data on sex steroids and cardiovascular health from the population-based Rotterdam Study.
Exposures:
E2, T, SHBG, and FAI.
Outcome:
To define cardiovascular health, 7 metrics including 3 health factors (total cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure) and 4 health behaviors (physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and diet) were adopted. Three category levels of each metric were added up to a total score ranged 0–14. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between E2, T, SHBG, and FAI and optimal cardiovascular health (OCH) (score of 11–14).
Results:
OCH was reached by 153 men (9.3%) and 162 women (10.4%). The prevalence of OCH was higher in the lowest tertile of E2 (38.9%), and of T (43.8%), and the highest tertile of SHBG (48.1%) in women, and the highest tertile of T (43.1%) and SHBG (47.1%) in men. After adjustment for confounders, OCH was associated with lower T (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, 0.69 [0.48–1.00]) and lower FAI (0.43 [0.32–0.57]) and higher levels of SHBG (4.55 [2.99–6.94]) among women and with higher levels of SHBG (2.56 [1.45–4.49]) in men.
Conclusions:
OCH was associated with sex steroids and with SHBG in both men and women. The complexity and temporality of the interrelation between sex steroids, SHBG, and cardiovascular health requires further investigation.
Lower levels of testosterone were associated with cardiovascular health in women, and higher levels of sex hormone-binding globulin were associated with cardiovascular health in both men and women.</description><subject>17β-Estradiol</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - blood</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Globulins</subject><subject>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Netherlands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Post-menopause</subject><subject>Postmenopause - blood</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis</subject><subject>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - metabolism</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Steroid hormones</subject><subject>Steroids</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>0021-972X</issn><issn>1945-7197</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcGP1CAUxhujcWdXb55NEw962K48oFC86UR3TNZo3En0RhigTscWRii7zn8vtaMmRkkIeeHH9z7eVxSPAF0ABvR8py8wAlYBJfWdYgGC1hUHwe8WC4QwVILjzyfFaYw7hIDSmtwvTjAHRkjNF8Xh2n4vr0cbfGfieTlVKx8G72z1qnOmc1_Ky95vUt-5UjlTLlUwnb9RUadehXJlVT9uy3z5zs7ABx_HwTq_Vymqvvzkc_GiXG9t-dGPuY9RQ-6XzOFBca9VfbQPj-dZsX7zer1cVVfvL98uX15VmvJGVEI3kO02RjQI1wRvmGgYxgKgbpRuFQbCjRLQopYJSrltMcacMY0ZA9DkrHg2y-6D_5ZsHOXQRW37XjnrU5SQZSkTnIiMPvkL3fkUXDYnCTBKGpTHmqnzmdLBxxhsK_ehG1Q4SEBySkTutJwSkVMiGX98FE2bwZrf8K8IMkBn4Nb3eT7xa59ubZDbn5OVKC_KeFNNiojnqsobT2afzs982v_PQXV0QGbSOuN16JzdBxvjn8_90_cPHI-w9g</recordid><startdate>201607</startdate><enddate>201607</enddate><creator>Jaspers, Loes</creator><creator>Dhana, Klodian</creator><creator>Muka, Taulant</creator><creator>Meun, Cindy</creator><creator>Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C</creator><creator>Hofman, Albert</creator><creator>Laven, Joop S. E</creator><creator>Franco, Oscar H</creator><creator>Kavousi, Maryam</creator><general>Endocrine Society</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Copyright by The Endocrine Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201607</creationdate><title>Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study</title><author>Jaspers, Loes ; Dhana, Klodian ; Muka, Taulant ; Meun, Cindy ; Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C ; Hofman, Albert ; Laven, Joop S. E ; Franco, Oscar H ; Kavousi, Maryam</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4789-9c812718d9802532b69862291158acfa2137da91f0f69447ef222766c26611c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>17β-Estradiol</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - blood</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Globulins</topic><topic>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Netherlands - epidemiology</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Post-menopause</topic><topic>Postmenopause - blood</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis</topic><topic>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - metabolism</topic><topic>Sex hormones</topic><topic>Steroid hormones</topic><topic>Steroids</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jaspers, Loes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhana, Klodian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muka, Taulant</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meun, Cindy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hofman, Albert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laven, Joop S. E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franco, Oscar H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kavousi, Maryam</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jaspers, Loes</au><au>Dhana, Klodian</au><au>Muka, Taulant</au><au>Meun, Cindy</au><au>Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C</au><au>Hofman, Albert</au><au>Laven, Joop S. E</au><au>Franco, Oscar H</au><au>Kavousi, Maryam</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study</atitle><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><date>2016-07</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>101</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>2844</spage><epage>2852</epage><pages>2844-2852</pages><issn>0021-972X</issn><eissn>1945-7197</eissn><abstract>Context:
The concept of cardiovascular health was recently introduced. Sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) influence different health domains, but no studies assessed their role in cardiovascular health.
Objective:
To assess the association between estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), SHBG, and free androgen index (FAI) with cardiovascular health.
Design, setting, and participants:
Analyses included 1647 men (68.6 y) and 1564 naturally postmenopausal women (69.6 y) with available data on sex steroids and cardiovascular health from the population-based Rotterdam Study.
Exposures:
E2, T, SHBG, and FAI.
Outcome:
To define cardiovascular health, 7 metrics including 3 health factors (total cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure) and 4 health behaviors (physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and diet) were adopted. Three category levels of each metric were added up to a total score ranged 0–14. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between E2, T, SHBG, and FAI and optimal cardiovascular health (OCH) (score of 11–14).
Results:
OCH was reached by 153 men (9.3%) and 162 women (10.4%). The prevalence of OCH was higher in the lowest tertile of E2 (38.9%), and of T (43.8%), and the highest tertile of SHBG (48.1%) in women, and the highest tertile of T (43.1%) and SHBG (47.1%) in men. After adjustment for confounders, OCH was associated with lower T (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, 0.69 [0.48–1.00]) and lower FAI (0.43 [0.32–0.57]) and higher levels of SHBG (4.55 [2.99–6.94]) among women and with higher levels of SHBG (2.56 [1.45–4.49]) in men.
Conclusions:
OCH was associated with sex steroids and with SHBG in both men and women. The complexity and temporality of the interrelation between sex steroids, SHBG, and cardiovascular health requires further investigation.
Lower levels of testosterone were associated with cardiovascular health in women, and higher levels of sex hormone-binding globulin were associated with cardiovascular health in both men and women.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>27163357</pmid><doi>10.1210/jc.2016-1435</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0021-972X |
| ispartof | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016-07, Vol.101 (7), p.2844-2852 |
| issn | 0021-972X 1945-7197 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1802469739 |
| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Journals@Ovid Complete |
| subjects | 17β-Estradiol Aged Blood pressure Body mass index Cardiovascular Diseases - blood Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cholesterol Female Globulins Gonadal Steroid Hormones - blood Health Humans Male Netherlands - epidemiology Physical activity Population studies Post-menopause Postmenopause - blood Risk Factors Sex Factors Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - metabolism Sex hormones Steroid hormones Steroids Testosterone Women |
| title | Sex Steroids, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Cardiovascular Health in Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Rotterdam Study |
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