Resolving the Origin of the Petrogenic Hydrocarbon Background in Prince William Sound, Alaska
The dominant sources of the petrogenic hydrocarbon background in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound, AK (PWS), site of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, are eroding Tertiary shales and residues of natural oil seepage. Mass balance considerations and statistical analyses of hydrocarbon fingerpr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2001-02, Vol.35 (3), p.471-479 |
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| creator | Boehm, Paul D Page, David S Burns, William A Bence, A. Edward Mankiewicz, Paul J Brown, John S |
| description | The dominant sources of the petrogenic hydrocarbon background in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound, AK (PWS), site of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, are eroding Tertiary shales and residues of natural oil seepage. Mass balance considerations and statistical analyses of hydrocarbon fingerprints independently indicate that coal contributes generally less than 1% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chemical biomarkers in this background. This is environmentally significant because of presumed differences in the bioavailability of PAH in coal, seep oil residues, and shales. Coal particles are present in PWS sediments, but their PAH and chemical biomarker contributions are overwhelmed by those of seep oil residues and organic particles from shales of low-to-high thermally maturity. In the late Tertiary or early Quaternary, the currently exposed and eroding shale formations were heated into the oil-generation window and, consequently, are now relatively rich in extractable PAH and chemical biomarkers. The exposed and eroding coals in the area, in contrast, experienced long hot burial and are now thermally overmature with respect to oil generation. The concentrations of thermally sensitive PAH and biomarker compounds in PWS sediments are not consistent with a mature coal origin but are consistent with the low-to-high maturity shales and seep oils in the area. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es001421j |
| format | Article |
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Edward ; Mankiewicz, Paul J ; Brown, John S</creator><creatorcontrib>Boehm, Paul D ; Page, David S ; Burns, William A ; Bence, A. Edward ; Mankiewicz, Paul J ; Brown, John S</creatorcontrib><description>The dominant sources of the petrogenic hydrocarbon background in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound, AK (PWS), site of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, are eroding Tertiary shales and residues of natural oil seepage. Mass balance considerations and statistical analyses of hydrocarbon fingerprints independently indicate that coal contributes generally less than 1% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chemical biomarkers in this background. This is environmentally significant because of presumed differences in the bioavailability of PAH in coal, seep oil residues, and shales. Coal particles are present in PWS sediments, but their PAH and chemical biomarker contributions are overwhelmed by those of seep oil residues and organic particles from shales of low-to-high thermally maturity. In the late Tertiary or early Quaternary, the currently exposed and eroding shale formations were heated into the oil-generation window and, consequently, are now relatively rich in extractable PAH and chemical biomarkers. The exposed and eroding coals in the area, in contrast, experienced long hot burial and are now thermally overmature with respect to oil generation. The concentrations of thermally sensitive PAH and biomarker compounds in PWS sediments are not consistent with a mature coal origin but are consistent with the low-to-high maturity shales and seep oils in the area.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es001421j</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11351716</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Alaska ; Applied sciences ; Biological Availability ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental Monitoring ; Exact sciences and technology ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Geologic Sediments - chemistry ; Hydrocarbons ; Petroleum ; Pollution ; Pollution sources. Measurement results ; Pollution, environment geology ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - chemistry ; Sediments ; Soil and sediments pollution ; USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound ; Water Pollutants - analysis ; Water pollution ; Waterways</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2001-02, Vol.35 (3), p.471-479</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2001 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Feb 1, 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a458t-76c8644ca8b662a640d10440c33771e7d16e00625adc730740c9f1cb9ed3465b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a458t-76c8644ca8b662a640d10440c33771e7d16e00625adc730740c9f1cb9ed3465b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es001421j$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es001421j$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2752,27055,27903,27904,56716,56766</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=876813$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11351716$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Boehm, Paul D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Page, David S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burns, William A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bence, A. Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mankiewicz, Paul J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, John S</creatorcontrib><title>Resolving the Origin of the Petrogenic Hydrocarbon Background in Prince William Sound, Alaska</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>The dominant sources of the petrogenic hydrocarbon background in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound, AK (PWS), site of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, are eroding Tertiary shales and residues of natural oil seepage. Mass balance considerations and statistical analyses of hydrocarbon fingerprints independently indicate that coal contributes generally less than 1% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chemical biomarkers in this background. This is environmentally significant because of presumed differences in the bioavailability of PAH in coal, seep oil residues, and shales. Coal particles are present in PWS sediments, but their PAH and chemical biomarker contributions are overwhelmed by those of seep oil residues and organic particles from shales of low-to-high thermally maturity. In the late Tertiary or early Quaternary, the currently exposed and eroding shale formations were heated into the oil-generation window and, consequently, are now relatively rich in extractable PAH and chemical biomarkers. The exposed and eroding coals in the area, in contrast, experienced long hot burial and are now thermally overmature with respect to oil generation. The concentrations of thermally sensitive PAH and biomarker compounds in PWS sediments are not consistent with a mature coal origin but are consistent with the low-to-high maturity shales and seep oils in the area.</description><subject>Alaska</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biological Availability</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Geologic Sediments - chemistry</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Petroleum</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution sources. Measurement results</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - chemistry</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Soil and sediments pollution</subject><subject>USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound</subject><subject>Water Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpl0FFrFDEQB_Agij2rD34BWRQFoaszm2ySe6y1tsJBj7ZqXyRks9kzd3tJTXal_famveMK-hQy82My-RPyEuEDQoUfbQJAVuHyEZlgXUFZyxofk0mu0nJK-dUeeZbSEgAqCvIp2UOkNQrkE_Lz3KbQ_3F-UQy_bHEW3cL5InT3t7kdYlhY70xxetvGYHRsgi8-abNaxDD6tsh2Hp03tvjh-t7pdXFxVz8oDnudVvo5edLpPtkX23OffPtyfHl0Ws7OTr4eHc5KzWo5lIIbyRkzWjacV5ozaBEYA0OpEGhFi9wC8KrWrREURO5MOzTN1LaU8bqh--TdZu51DL9Hmwa1dsnYvtfehjEplDkfhpDh63_gMozR591UjianIiRm9H6DTAwpRdup6-jWOt4qBHUXuNoFnu2r7cCxWdv2QW4TzuDNFuhkdN9F7Y1LOycFzy9mVW6US4O92XV1XCkuqKjV5fxCnV9xOPn-eaZk9m83Xpv08IX_1_sLHm-gng</recordid><startdate>20010201</startdate><enddate>20010201</enddate><creator>Boehm, Paul D</creator><creator>Page, David S</creator><creator>Burns, William A</creator><creator>Bence, A. 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Edward</au><au>Mankiewicz, Paul J</au><au>Brown, John S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Resolving the Origin of the Petrogenic Hydrocarbon Background in Prince William Sound, Alaska</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2001-02-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>471</spage><epage>479</epage><pages>471-479</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>The dominant sources of the petrogenic hydrocarbon background in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound, AK (PWS), site of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, are eroding Tertiary shales and residues of natural oil seepage. Mass balance considerations and statistical analyses of hydrocarbon fingerprints independently indicate that coal contributes generally less than 1% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chemical biomarkers in this background. This is environmentally significant because of presumed differences in the bioavailability of PAH in coal, seep oil residues, and shales. Coal particles are present in PWS sediments, but their PAH and chemical biomarker contributions are overwhelmed by those of seep oil residues and organic particles from shales of low-to-high thermally maturity. In the late Tertiary or early Quaternary, the currently exposed and eroding shale formations were heated into the oil-generation window and, consequently, are now relatively rich in extractable PAH and chemical biomarkers. The exposed and eroding coals in the area, in contrast, experienced long hot burial and are now thermally overmature with respect to oil generation. The concentrations of thermally sensitive PAH and biomarker compounds in PWS sediments are not consistent with a mature coal origin but are consistent with the low-to-high maturity shales and seep oils in the area.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>11351716</pmid><doi>10.1021/es001421j</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2001-02, Vol.35 (3), p.471-479 |
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| subjects | Alaska Applied sciences Biological Availability Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Monitoring Exact sciences and technology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Geologic Sediments - chemistry Hydrocarbons Petroleum Pollution Pollution sources. Measurement results Pollution, environment geology Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - chemistry Sediments Soil and sediments pollution USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound Water Pollutants - analysis Water pollution Waterways |
| title | Resolving the Origin of the Petrogenic Hydrocarbon Background in Prince William Sound, Alaska |
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