An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide
Flexible large‐area organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) require highly conductive and transparent anodes for efficient and uniform light emission. Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) is the standard anode in industry. However, due to the scarcity of indium, alternative anodes that eliminate its use are h...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Advanced functional materials 2016-01, Vol.26 (3), p.384-392 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 392 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | 384 |
| container_title | Advanced functional materials |
| container_volume | 26 |
| creator | Morales-Masis, Monica Dauzou, Fabien Jeangros, Quentin Dabirian, Ali Lifka, Herbert Gierth, Rainald Ruske, Manfred Moet, Date Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha Ballif, Christophe |
| description | Flexible large‐area organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) require highly conductive and transparent anodes for efficient and uniform light emission. Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) is the standard anode in industry. However, due to the scarcity of indium, alternative anodes that eliminate its use are highly desired. Here an indium‐free anode is developed by a combinatorial study of zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO2), both composed of earth‐abundant elements. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) films have electron mobilities of up to 21 cm2 V−1 s−1, a conductivity of 245 S cm−1, and |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/adfm.201503753 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1800476131</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1800476131</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4963-bfb1bf0d27858496ad1d4db8903af5028501a26e5efe0bc4dbef114e397461e43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQhiMEEqWwMntkSfHF-WSLWtIiFcpQPsRiOfEZGVKn2Cm0_56goIqNySff89zpXs87BzoCSoNLIdVqFFCIKEsiduANIIbYZzRID_c1PB97J869UQpJwsKBh7khN0bqzcovLCLJTSORqMaSubCv6OcWBSlq3OqyRrKYX0_cFZmgwqrthaUVxq2FRdOScWPkpmr1J5IXbSqy1IYstlriqXekRO3w7Pcdeg_F9XI88-eL6c04n_tVmMXML1UJpaIySNIo7X6EBBnKMs0oEyrqDokoiCDGqNtPy6proQIIkWVJGAOGbOhd9HPXtvnYoGv5SrsK61oYbDaOQ0ppmMTAoENHPVrZxjmLiq-tXgm740D5T578J0--z7MTsl740jXu_qF5Pilu_7p-72rX4nbvCvvO46Qj-NPdlGePs-msCEJ-z74BDA6Hqw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1800476131</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide</title><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Morales-Masis, Monica ; Dauzou, Fabien ; Jeangros, Quentin ; Dabirian, Ali ; Lifka, Herbert ; Gierth, Rainald ; Ruske, Manfred ; Moet, Date ; Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha ; Ballif, Christophe</creator><creatorcontrib>Morales-Masis, Monica ; Dauzou, Fabien ; Jeangros, Quentin ; Dabirian, Ali ; Lifka, Herbert ; Gierth, Rainald ; Ruske, Manfred ; Moet, Date ; Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha ; Ballif, Christophe</creatorcontrib><description>Flexible large‐area organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) require highly conductive and transparent anodes for efficient and uniform light emission. Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) is the standard anode in industry. However, due to the scarcity of indium, alternative anodes that eliminate its use are highly desired. Here an indium‐free anode is developed by a combinatorial study of zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO2), both composed of earth‐abundant elements. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) films have electron mobilities of up to 21 cm2 V−1 s−1, a conductivity of 245 S cm−1, and <5% absorptance in the visible range of the spectrum. The high electron mobilities and low surface roughness (<0.2 nm) are achieved by producing dense and void‐free amorphous layers as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. These ZTO layers are evaluated for OLEDs in two anode configurations: i) 10 cm2 devices with ZTO/Ag/ZTO and ii) 41 cm2 devices with ZTO plus a metal grid. The ZTO layers are compatible with OLED processing steps and large‐area white OLEDs fabricated with the ZTO/grid anode show better performance than those with ITO/grid anodes. These results confirm that ZTO has the potential as an In‐free and Earth‐abundant alternative to ITO for large‐area flexible OLEDs.
An indium‐free anode is developed by a ZnO–SnO2 combinatorial study. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) compound presents a void‐free amorphous microstructure, low roughness, high electron mobility, and <5% visible range absorptance. Large‐area (41 cm2) flexible organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated with a ZTO/grid anode outperform those with a Sn‐doped In2O3 (ITO)/grid anode, confirming the industrial application potential of ZTO.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1616-301X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1616-3028</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201503753</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Anodes ; Combinatorial analysis ; Devices ; Electron mobility ; flexible OLEDs ; Indium oxides ; indium-free transparent electrodes ; large-area white OLEDs ; Organic light emitting diodes ; TEM ; Tin oxides ; transparent conductive oxides ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Advanced functional materials, 2016-01, Vol.26 (3), p.384-392</ispartof><rights>2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4963-bfb1bf0d27858496ad1d4db8903af5028501a26e5efe0bc4dbef114e397461e43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4963-bfb1bf0d27858496ad1d4db8903af5028501a26e5efe0bc4dbef114e397461e43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fadfm.201503753$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fadfm.201503753$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morales-Masis, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dauzou, Fabien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeangros, Quentin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dabirian, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lifka, Herbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gierth, Rainald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruske, Manfred</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moet, Date</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballif, Christophe</creatorcontrib><title>An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide</title><title>Advanced functional materials</title><addtitle>Adv. Funct. Mater</addtitle><description>Flexible large‐area organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) require highly conductive and transparent anodes for efficient and uniform light emission. Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) is the standard anode in industry. However, due to the scarcity of indium, alternative anodes that eliminate its use are highly desired. Here an indium‐free anode is developed by a combinatorial study of zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO2), both composed of earth‐abundant elements. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) films have electron mobilities of up to 21 cm2 V−1 s−1, a conductivity of 245 S cm−1, and <5% absorptance in the visible range of the spectrum. The high electron mobilities and low surface roughness (<0.2 nm) are achieved by producing dense and void‐free amorphous layers as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. These ZTO layers are evaluated for OLEDs in two anode configurations: i) 10 cm2 devices with ZTO/Ag/ZTO and ii) 41 cm2 devices with ZTO plus a metal grid. The ZTO layers are compatible with OLED processing steps and large‐area white OLEDs fabricated with the ZTO/grid anode show better performance than those with ITO/grid anodes. These results confirm that ZTO has the potential as an In‐free and Earth‐abundant alternative to ITO for large‐area flexible OLEDs.
An indium‐free anode is developed by a ZnO–SnO2 combinatorial study. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) compound presents a void‐free amorphous microstructure, low roughness, high electron mobility, and <5% visible range absorptance. Large‐area (41 cm2) flexible organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated with a ZTO/grid anode outperform those with a Sn‐doped In2O3 (ITO)/grid anode, confirming the industrial application potential of ZTO.</description><subject>Anodes</subject><subject>Combinatorial analysis</subject><subject>Devices</subject><subject>Electron mobility</subject><subject>flexible OLEDs</subject><subject>Indium oxides</subject><subject>indium-free transparent electrodes</subject><subject>large-area white OLEDs</subject><subject>Organic light emitting diodes</subject><subject>TEM</subject><subject>Tin oxides</subject><subject>transparent conductive oxides</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>1616-301X</issn><issn>1616-3028</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQhiMEEqWwMntkSfHF-WSLWtIiFcpQPsRiOfEZGVKn2Cm0_56goIqNySff89zpXs87BzoCSoNLIdVqFFCIKEsiduANIIbYZzRID_c1PB97J869UQpJwsKBh7khN0bqzcovLCLJTSORqMaSubCv6OcWBSlq3OqyRrKYX0_cFZmgwqrthaUVxq2FRdOScWPkpmr1J5IXbSqy1IYstlriqXekRO3w7Pcdeg_F9XI88-eL6c04n_tVmMXML1UJpaIySNIo7X6EBBnKMs0oEyrqDokoiCDGqNtPy6proQIIkWVJGAOGbOhd9HPXtvnYoGv5SrsK61oYbDaOQ0ppmMTAoENHPVrZxjmLiq-tXgm740D5T578J0--z7MTsl740jXu_qF5Pilu_7p-72rX4nbvCvvO46Qj-NPdlGePs-msCEJ-z74BDA6Hqw</recordid><startdate>20160120</startdate><enddate>20160120</enddate><creator>Morales-Masis, Monica</creator><creator>Dauzou, Fabien</creator><creator>Jeangros, Quentin</creator><creator>Dabirian, Ali</creator><creator>Lifka, Herbert</creator><creator>Gierth, Rainald</creator><creator>Ruske, Manfred</creator><creator>Moet, Date</creator><creator>Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha</creator><creator>Ballif, Christophe</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160120</creationdate><title>An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide</title><author>Morales-Masis, Monica ; Dauzou, Fabien ; Jeangros, Quentin ; Dabirian, Ali ; Lifka, Herbert ; Gierth, Rainald ; Ruske, Manfred ; Moet, Date ; Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha ; Ballif, Christophe</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4963-bfb1bf0d27858496ad1d4db8903af5028501a26e5efe0bc4dbef114e397461e43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Anodes</topic><topic>Combinatorial analysis</topic><topic>Devices</topic><topic>Electron mobility</topic><topic>flexible OLEDs</topic><topic>Indium oxides</topic><topic>indium-free transparent electrodes</topic><topic>large-area white OLEDs</topic><topic>Organic light emitting diodes</topic><topic>TEM</topic><topic>Tin oxides</topic><topic>transparent conductive oxides</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Morales-Masis, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dauzou, Fabien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeangros, Quentin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dabirian, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lifka, Herbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gierth, Rainald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruske, Manfred</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moet, Date</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballif, Christophe</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Advanced functional materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Morales-Masis, Monica</au><au>Dauzou, Fabien</au><au>Jeangros, Quentin</au><au>Dabirian, Ali</au><au>Lifka, Herbert</au><au>Gierth, Rainald</au><au>Ruske, Manfred</au><au>Moet, Date</au><au>Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha</au><au>Ballif, Christophe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide</atitle><jtitle>Advanced functional materials</jtitle><addtitle>Adv. Funct. Mater</addtitle><date>2016-01-20</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>384</spage><epage>392</epage><pages>384-392</pages><issn>1616-301X</issn><eissn>1616-3028</eissn><abstract>Flexible large‐area organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) require highly conductive and transparent anodes for efficient and uniform light emission. Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) is the standard anode in industry. However, due to the scarcity of indium, alternative anodes that eliminate its use are highly desired. Here an indium‐free anode is developed by a combinatorial study of zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO2), both composed of earth‐abundant elements. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) films have electron mobilities of up to 21 cm2 V−1 s−1, a conductivity of 245 S cm−1, and <5% absorptance in the visible range of the spectrum. The high electron mobilities and low surface roughness (<0.2 nm) are achieved by producing dense and void‐free amorphous layers as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. These ZTO layers are evaluated for OLEDs in two anode configurations: i) 10 cm2 devices with ZTO/Ag/ZTO and ii) 41 cm2 devices with ZTO plus a metal grid. The ZTO layers are compatible with OLED processing steps and large‐area white OLEDs fabricated with the ZTO/grid anode show better performance than those with ITO/grid anodes. These results confirm that ZTO has the potential as an In‐free and Earth‐abundant alternative to ITO for large‐area flexible OLEDs.
An indium‐free anode is developed by a ZnO–SnO2 combinatorial study. The optimized Zn–Sn–O (ZTO) compound presents a void‐free amorphous microstructure, low roughness, high electron mobility, and <5% visible range absorptance. Large‐area (41 cm2) flexible organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated with a ZTO/grid anode outperform those with a Sn‐doped In2O3 (ITO)/grid anode, confirming the industrial application potential of ZTO.</abstract><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/adfm.201503753</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1616-301X |
| ispartof | Advanced functional materials, 2016-01, Vol.26 (3), p.384-392 |
| issn | 1616-301X 1616-3028 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1800476131 |
| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Anodes Combinatorial analysis Devices Electron mobility flexible OLEDs Indium oxides indium-free transparent electrodes large-area white OLEDs Organic light emitting diodes TEM Tin oxides transparent conductive oxides Zinc |
| title | An Indium-Free Anode for Large-Area Flexible OLEDs: Defect-Free Transparent Conductive Zinc Tin Oxide |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-01T04%3A57%3A54IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An%20Indium-Free%20Anode%20for%20Large-Area%20Flexible%20OLEDs:%20Defect-Free%20Transparent%20Conductive%20Zinc%20Tin%20Oxide&rft.jtitle=Advanced%20functional%20materials&rft.au=Morales-Masis,%20Monica&rft.date=2016-01-20&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=384&rft.epage=392&rft.pages=384-392&rft.issn=1616-301X&rft.eissn=1616-3028&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/adfm.201503753&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1800476131%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1800476131&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |