Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand
The aims of the study were to determine the effect of season and blanketing on vitamin D synthesis in horses and examine the interaction between vitamin D and other analytes involved in calcium homeostasis. Twenty-one healthy horses at pasture were included; 5 were covered with standard horse blanke...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Domestic animal endocrinology 2016-07, Vol.56, p.75-84 |
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| creator | Azarpeykan, S. Dittmer, K.E. Gee, E.K. Marshall, J.C. Wallace, J. Elder, P. Acke, E. Thompson, K.G. |
| description | The aims of the study were to determine the effect of season and blanketing on vitamin D synthesis in horses and examine the interaction between vitamin D and other analytes involved in calcium homeostasis. Twenty-one healthy horses at pasture were included; 5 were covered with standard horse blankets including neck rugs. Blood samples were collected for 13 mo and analyzed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D), ionized calcium (iCa), total calcium (tCa), phosphorus (P), total magnesium (tMg), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Grass and hay samples were collected and analyzed for vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Climate data were also collected. The serum concentration of 25OHD3 in horses was either undetectable or below the detection limit of the assay, and the main form of 25OHD was 25OHD2. No differences in serum 25OHD2, 1,25(OH)2D, iCa, tCa, P, tMg, and PTH (P ≥ 0.05) concentrations were seen between the 2 groups. Associations were seen between iCa and PTH (P < 0.05), iCa and tMg (P < 0.05), and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 (P < 0.05). A strong seasonal trend was seen in serum 25OHD2 (P < 0.0001), which was higher during spring and summer when the amount of sunshine and UV radiation was higher. Parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2D showed opposing trends with PTH higher in winter whereas 1,25(OH)2D was higher in summer. The results suggest that dietary vitamin D may be necessary for horses to fulfill their vitamin D requirements; however, further research is required to determine the contribution of vitamin D3 synthesis in the skin to the vitamin D status of the horse.
•The effect of blanketing and season on vitamin D, PTH, Ca, P, Mg concentrations in horses were studied.•Serum 25OHD3 was barely detectable and the main form of 25OHD in the serum was 25OHD2.•iCa and PTH, iCa and tMg, and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 showed strong relationships.•Serum 25OHD2 concentrations showed a strong seasonal trend in horses.•Horses may rely on dietary vitamin D2 to fulfill their vitamin D requirements. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.03.003 |
| format | Article |
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•The effect of blanketing and season on vitamin D, PTH, Ca, P, Mg concentrations in horses were studied.•Serum 25OHD3 was barely detectable and the main form of 25OHD in the serum was 25OHD2.•iCa and PTH, iCa and tMg, and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 showed strong relationships.•Serum 25OHD2 concentrations showed a strong seasonal trend in horses.•Horses may rely on dietary vitamin D2 to fulfill their vitamin D requirements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0739-7240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0054</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.03.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27131337</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animal Husbandry - methods ; Animals ; Calcifediol - blood ; Calcium ; Calcium - blood ; Diet - veterinary ; Female ; Horse ; Horses - blood ; Magnesium ; Male ; New Zealand ; Nutritional Requirements ; Parathyroid hormone ; Parathyroid Hormone - blood ; Phosphorus ; Phosphorus - blood ; Seasons ; Skin - metabolism ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D - administration & dosage ; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D - biosynthesis ; Vitamin D - blood</subject><ispartof>Domestic animal endocrinology, 2016-07, Vol.56, p.75-84</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-bd8c9dd498087023ae50b614e279d46fa7d531865adc4f83251fa50bf6f6fe8d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-bd8c9dd498087023ae50b614e279d46fa7d531865adc4f83251fa50bf6f6fe8d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724016300339$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27131337$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Azarpeykan, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dittmer, K.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gee, E.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, J.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elder, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Acke, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, K.G.</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand</title><title>Domestic animal endocrinology</title><addtitle>Domest Anim Endocrinol</addtitle><description>The aims of the study were to determine the effect of season and blanketing on vitamin D synthesis in horses and examine the interaction between vitamin D and other analytes involved in calcium homeostasis. Twenty-one healthy horses at pasture were included; 5 were covered with standard horse blankets including neck rugs. Blood samples were collected for 13 mo and analyzed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D), ionized calcium (iCa), total calcium (tCa), phosphorus (P), total magnesium (tMg), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Grass and hay samples were collected and analyzed for vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Climate data were also collected. The serum concentration of 25OHD3 in horses was either undetectable or below the detection limit of the assay, and the main form of 25OHD was 25OHD2. No differences in serum 25OHD2, 1,25(OH)2D, iCa, tCa, P, tMg, and PTH (P ≥ 0.05) concentrations were seen between the 2 groups. Associations were seen between iCa and PTH (P < 0.05), iCa and tMg (P < 0.05), and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 (P < 0.05). A strong seasonal trend was seen in serum 25OHD2 (P < 0.0001), which was higher during spring and summer when the amount of sunshine and UV radiation was higher. Parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2D showed opposing trends with PTH higher in winter whereas 1,25(OH)2D was higher in summer. The results suggest that dietary vitamin D may be necessary for horses to fulfill their vitamin D requirements; however, further research is required to determine the contribution of vitamin D3 synthesis in the skin to the vitamin D status of the horse.
•The effect of blanketing and season on vitamin D, PTH, Ca, P, Mg concentrations in horses were studied.•Serum 25OHD3 was barely detectable and the main form of 25OHD in the serum was 25OHD2.•iCa and PTH, iCa and tMg, and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 showed strong relationships.•Serum 25OHD2 concentrations showed a strong seasonal trend in horses.•Horses may rely on dietary vitamin D2 to fulfill their vitamin D requirements.</description><subject>Animal Husbandry - methods</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Calcifediol - blood</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium - blood</subject><subject>Diet - veterinary</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Horse</subject><subject>Horses - blood</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>New Zealand</subject><subject>Nutritional Requirements</subject><subject>Parathyroid hormone</subject><subject>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Phosphorus - blood</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Skin - metabolism</subject><subject>Sunlight</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamin D - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Vitamin D - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Vitamin D - blood</subject><issn>0739-7240</issn><issn>1879-0054</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkcFu3CAQhlHVqtmmfYWUYw9rFww29jFK2zRSlF6aSy6IhXGWjQ1bsFPlOfLCmd1Nco0ADRq-f2bQT8hXzkrOePN9U7o4muAhuLLCRMlEyZh4Rxa8VV3BWC3fkwVToitUJdkR-ZTzhjGmUP2RHFWKCy6EWpDHi9APMwQLNPZ0NZhwB5MPt9QERzOYHAPFfe8nM_pAf-zzW5PMtH5I0Tu6jmmMAZbUmsH6eVzS7TpmPGnOyz09mtsAGZ-ojdgnTCj2MWSK9RDLsL9dwX96AwYHcJ_Jh94MGb48x2Ny_evn37PfxeWf84uz08vCSqGmYuVa2zknu5a1ilXCQM1WDZdQqc7JpjfK1YK3TW2clX0rqpr3BpG-wQWtE8fk26HuNsV_M-RJjz5bGHAGiHPWXHV120hZK0TVAbUp5pyg19vkR5MeNGd654je6FdH9M4RzYRGR1B58txkXo3gXnUvFiBwegAAv3rvIels_c4Q5xPYCcv6N5s8Af1ro8Q</recordid><startdate>201607</startdate><enddate>201607</enddate><creator>Azarpeykan, S.</creator><creator>Dittmer, K.E.</creator><creator>Gee, E.K.</creator><creator>Marshall, J.C.</creator><creator>Wallace, J.</creator><creator>Elder, P.</creator><creator>Acke, E.</creator><creator>Thompson, K.G.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201607</creationdate><title>Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand</title><author>Azarpeykan, S. ; Dittmer, K.E. ; Gee, E.K. ; Marshall, J.C. ; Wallace, J. ; Elder, P. ; Acke, E. ; Thompson, K.G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-bd8c9dd498087023ae50b614e279d46fa7d531865adc4f83251fa50bf6f6fe8d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Animal Husbandry - methods</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Calcifediol - blood</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Calcium - blood</topic><topic>Diet - veterinary</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Horse</topic><topic>Horses - blood</topic><topic>Magnesium</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>New Zealand</topic><topic>Nutritional Requirements</topic><topic>Parathyroid hormone</topic><topic>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Phosphorus - blood</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Skin - metabolism</topic><topic>Sunlight</topic><topic>Vitamin D</topic><topic>Vitamin D - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Vitamin D - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Vitamin D - blood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Azarpeykan, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dittmer, K.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gee, E.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, J.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elder, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Acke, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, K.G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Domestic animal endocrinology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Azarpeykan, S.</au><au>Dittmer, K.E.</au><au>Gee, E.K.</au><au>Marshall, J.C.</au><au>Wallace, J.</au><au>Elder, P.</au><au>Acke, E.</au><au>Thompson, K.G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand</atitle><jtitle>Domestic animal endocrinology</jtitle><addtitle>Domest Anim Endocrinol</addtitle><date>2016-07</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>56</volume><spage>75</spage><epage>84</epage><pages>75-84</pages><issn>0739-7240</issn><eissn>1879-0054</eissn><abstract>The aims of the study were to determine the effect of season and blanketing on vitamin D synthesis in horses and examine the interaction between vitamin D and other analytes involved in calcium homeostasis. Twenty-one healthy horses at pasture were included; 5 were covered with standard horse blankets including neck rugs. Blood samples were collected for 13 mo and analyzed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D), ionized calcium (iCa), total calcium (tCa), phosphorus (P), total magnesium (tMg), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Grass and hay samples were collected and analyzed for vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Climate data were also collected. The serum concentration of 25OHD3 in horses was either undetectable or below the detection limit of the assay, and the main form of 25OHD was 25OHD2. No differences in serum 25OHD2, 1,25(OH)2D, iCa, tCa, P, tMg, and PTH (P ≥ 0.05) concentrations were seen between the 2 groups. Associations were seen between iCa and PTH (P < 0.05), iCa and tMg (P < 0.05), and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 (P < 0.05). A strong seasonal trend was seen in serum 25OHD2 (P < 0.0001), which was higher during spring and summer when the amount of sunshine and UV radiation was higher. Parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2D showed opposing trends with PTH higher in winter whereas 1,25(OH)2D was higher in summer. The results suggest that dietary vitamin D may be necessary for horses to fulfill their vitamin D requirements; however, further research is required to determine the contribution of vitamin D3 synthesis in the skin to the vitamin D status of the horse.
•The effect of blanketing and season on vitamin D, PTH, Ca, P, Mg concentrations in horses were studied.•Serum 25OHD3 was barely detectable and the main form of 25OHD in the serum was 25OHD2.•iCa and PTH, iCa and tMg, and dietary vitamin D and 25OHD2 showed strong relationships.•Serum 25OHD2 concentrations showed a strong seasonal trend in horses.•Horses may rely on dietary vitamin D2 to fulfill their vitamin D requirements.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>27131337</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.03.003</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal Husbandry - methods Animals Calcifediol - blood Calcium Calcium - blood Diet - veterinary Female Horse Horses - blood Magnesium Male New Zealand Nutritional Requirements Parathyroid hormone Parathyroid Hormone - blood Phosphorus Phosphorus - blood Seasons Skin - metabolism Sunlight Vitamin D Vitamin D - administration & dosage Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - biosynthesis Vitamin D - blood |
| title | Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand |
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