Cascade of Solitonic Excitations in a Superfluid Fermi gas: From Planar Solitons to Vortex Rings and Lines

We follow the time evolution of a superfluid Fermi gas of resonantly interacting ^{6}Li atoms after a phase imprint. Via tomographic imaging, we observe the formation of a planar dark soliton, its subsequent snaking, and its decay into a vortex ring, which, in turn, breaks to finally leave behind a...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Physical review letters 2016-01, Vol.116 (4), p.045304-045304, Article 045304
Hauptverfasser:	Ku, Mark J H, Mukherjee, Biswaroop, Yefsah, Tarik, Zwierlein, Martin W
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Dynamics Evolution Fluid flow Fluids Solitons Superfluidity Vortex rings Vortices
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container_title	Physical review letters
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creator	Ku, Mark J H Mukherjee, Biswaroop Yefsah, Tarik Zwierlein, Martin W
description	We follow the time evolution of a superfluid Fermi gas of resonantly interacting ^{6}Li atoms after a phase imprint. Via tomographic imaging, we observe the formation of a planar dark soliton, its subsequent snaking, and its decay into a vortex ring, which, in turn, breaks to finally leave behind a single solitonic vortex. In intermediate stages, we find evidence for an exotic structure resembling the Φ soliton, a combination of a vortex ring and a vortex line. Direct imaging of the nodal surface reveals its undulation dynamics and its decay via the puncture of the initial soliton plane. The observed evolution of the nodal surface represents dynamics beyond superfluid hydrodynamics, calling for a microscopic description of unitary fermionic superfluids out of equilibrium.
doi_str_mv	10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.045304
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subjects	Dynamics Evolution Fluid flow Fluids Solitons Superfluidity Vortex rings Vortices
title	Cascade of Solitonic Excitations in a Superfluid Fermi gas: From Planar Solitons to Vortex Rings and Lines
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