Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine
[Display omitted] •Full nitrification of undiluted urine at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 was obtained.•A halotolerant inoculum cut start-up time by 54% compared to sewage activated sludge.•Nitrite oxidation showed faster salt adaptation than ammonia oxidation.•Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bioresource technology 2016-07, Vol.211, p.41-50 |
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| creator | Coppens, Joeri Lindeboom, Ralph Muys, Maarten Coessens, Wout Alloul, Abbas Meerbergen, Ken Lievens, Bart Clauwaert, Peter Boon, Nico Vlaeminck, Siegfried E. |
| description | [Display omitted]
•Full nitrification of undiluted urine at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 was obtained.•A halotolerant inoculum cut start-up time by 54% compared to sewage activated sludge.•Nitrite oxidation showed faster salt adaptation than ammonia oxidation.•Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers in both nitrification systems.•Arthrospira platensis growth on nitrified urine led to a 62% biomass protein content.
Urine contains the majority of nutrients in urban wastewaters and is an ideal nutrient recovery target. In this study, stabilization of real undiluted urine through nitrification and subsequent microalgae cultivation were explored as strategy for biological nutrient recovery. A nitrifying inoculum screening revealed a commercial aquaculture inoculum to have the highest halotolerance. This inoculum was compared with municipal activated sludge for the start-up of two nitrification membrane bioreactors. Complete nitrification of undiluted urine was achieved in both systems at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 and loading rate above 450mgNL−1d−1. The halotolerant inoculum shortened the start-up time with 54%. Nitrite oxidizers showed faster salt adaptation and Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers. Nitrified urine as growth medium for Arthrospira platensis demonstrated superior growth compared to untreated urine and resulted in a high protein content of 62%. This two-stage strategy is therefore a promising approach for biological nutrient recovery. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.001 |
| format | Article |
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•Full nitrification of undiluted urine at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 was obtained.•A halotolerant inoculum cut start-up time by 54% compared to sewage activated sludge.•Nitrite oxidation showed faster salt adaptation than ammonia oxidation.•Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers in both nitrification systems.•Arthrospira platensis growth on nitrified urine led to a 62% biomass protein content.
Urine contains the majority of nutrients in urban wastewaters and is an ideal nutrient recovery target. In this study, stabilization of real undiluted urine through nitrification and subsequent microalgae cultivation were explored as strategy for biological nutrient recovery. A nitrifying inoculum screening revealed a commercial aquaculture inoculum to have the highest halotolerance. This inoculum was compared with municipal activated sludge for the start-up of two nitrification membrane bioreactors. Complete nitrification of undiluted urine was achieved in both systems at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 and loading rate above 450mgNL−1d−1. The halotolerant inoculum shortened the start-up time with 54%. Nitrite oxidizers showed faster salt adaptation and Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers. Nitrified urine as growth medium for Arthrospira platensis demonstrated superior growth compared to untreated urine and resulted in a high protein content of 62%. This two-stage strategy is therefore a promising approach for biological nutrient recovery.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-8524</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2976</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26998796</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aquaculture ; Arthrospira platensis ; Bioreactors ; Microalgae - growth & development ; Microalgae - metabolism ; Nitrification ; Nitrites - metabolism ; Nitrobacter ; Nitrobacter - growth & development ; Nitrobacter - metabolism ; Nitrogen recovery ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Salt adaptation ; Sewage - chemistry ; Sewage - microbiology ; Single cell protein ; Source separation ; Spirulina ; Spirulina - growth & development ; Spirulina - metabolism ; Urine - chemistry ; Waste Water - chemistry</subject><ispartof>Bioresource technology, 2016-07, Vol.211, p.41-50</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-39553b5f35026bf671cc2a67f20ce40580ee84425cd48f238342dc7a1a5a9e833</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-39553b5f35026bf671cc2a67f20ce40580ee84425cd48f238342dc7a1a5a9e833</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5156-9577</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.001$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26998796$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Coppens, Joeri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindeboom, Ralph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muys, Maarten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coessens, Wout</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alloul, Abbas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meerbergen, Ken</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lievens, Bart</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clauwaert, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boon, Nico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.</creatorcontrib><title>Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine</title><title>Bioresource technology</title><addtitle>Bioresour Technol</addtitle><description>[Display omitted]
•Full nitrification of undiluted urine at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 was obtained.•A halotolerant inoculum cut start-up time by 54% compared to sewage activated sludge.•Nitrite oxidation showed faster salt adaptation than ammonia oxidation.•Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers in both nitrification systems.•Arthrospira platensis growth on nitrified urine led to a 62% biomass protein content.
Urine contains the majority of nutrients in urban wastewaters and is an ideal nutrient recovery target. In this study, stabilization of real undiluted urine through nitrification and subsequent microalgae cultivation were explored as strategy for biological nutrient recovery. A nitrifying inoculum screening revealed a commercial aquaculture inoculum to have the highest halotolerance. This inoculum was compared with municipal activated sludge for the start-up of two nitrification membrane bioreactors. Complete nitrification of undiluted urine was achieved in both systems at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 and loading rate above 450mgNL−1d−1. The halotolerant inoculum shortened the start-up time with 54%. Nitrite oxidizers showed faster salt adaptation and Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers. Nitrified urine as growth medium for Arthrospira platensis demonstrated superior growth compared to untreated urine and resulted in a high protein content of 62%. This two-stage strategy is therefore a promising approach for biological nutrient recovery.</description><subject>Aquaculture</subject><subject>Arthrospira platensis</subject><subject>Bioreactors</subject><subject>Microalgae - growth & development</subject><subject>Microalgae - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrification</subject><subject>Nitrites - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrobacter</subject><subject>Nitrobacter - growth & development</subject><subject>Nitrobacter - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrogen recovery</subject><subject>Oxidation-Reduction</subject><subject>Salt adaptation</subject><subject>Sewage - chemistry</subject><subject>Sewage - microbiology</subject><subject>Single cell protein</subject><subject>Source separation</subject><subject>Spirulina</subject><subject>Spirulina - growth & development</subject><subject>Spirulina - metabolism</subject><subject>Urine - chemistry</subject><subject>Waste Water - chemistry</subject><issn>0960-8524</issn><issn>1873-2976</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFv1DAQhS0EokvLX6h85JIwtmPHvoEqSitVcKFny-tMFq-SeLGdRfDrcbVbrnAajeZ786T3CLlm0DJg6v2-3YaYCvrvLa97C6IFYC_IhuleNNz06iXZgFHQaMm7C_Im5z0ACNbz1-SCK2N0b9SG5C-hpDAG70qIC3XLQOfgU3TTziH161TC8XQaY6LlZ2xycTuk1X2Kuyqb6LLWD7gUenRTTOH3GU9xpjmuySPNeHDJFRzomsKCV-TV6KaMb8_zkjzefvp2c9c8fP18f_PxofFdZ0ojjJRiK0chgavtqHrmPXeqHzl47EBqQNRdx6UfOj1yoUXHB9875qQzqIW4JO9Ofw8p_lgxFzuH7HGa3IJxzZb1BoyQTKv_QGuMTHCuK6pOaE0p54SjPaQwu_TLMrBP3di9fe7GPnVjQdjaTRVenz3W7YzDX9lzGRX4cAKwhnIMmGz2NViPQ0joix1i-JfHH17Zpac</recordid><startdate>201607</startdate><enddate>201607</enddate><creator>Coppens, Joeri</creator><creator>Lindeboom, Ralph</creator><creator>Muys, Maarten</creator><creator>Coessens, Wout</creator><creator>Alloul, Abbas</creator><creator>Meerbergen, Ken</creator><creator>Lievens, Bart</creator><creator>Clauwaert, Peter</creator><creator>Boon, Nico</creator><creator>Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H98</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-9577</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201607</creationdate><title>Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine</title><author>Coppens, Joeri ; Lindeboom, Ralph ; Muys, Maarten ; Coessens, Wout ; Alloul, Abbas ; Meerbergen, Ken ; Lievens, Bart ; Clauwaert, Peter ; Boon, Nico ; Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-39553b5f35026bf671cc2a67f20ce40580ee84425cd48f238342dc7a1a5a9e833</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Aquaculture</topic><topic>Arthrospira platensis</topic><topic>Bioreactors</topic><topic>Microalgae - growth & development</topic><topic>Microalgae - metabolism</topic><topic>Nitrification</topic><topic>Nitrites - metabolism</topic><topic>Nitrobacter</topic><topic>Nitrobacter - growth & development</topic><topic>Nitrobacter - metabolism</topic><topic>Nitrogen recovery</topic><topic>Oxidation-Reduction</topic><topic>Salt adaptation</topic><topic>Sewage - chemistry</topic><topic>Sewage - microbiology</topic><topic>Single cell protein</topic><topic>Source separation</topic><topic>Spirulina</topic><topic>Spirulina - growth & development</topic><topic>Spirulina - metabolism</topic><topic>Urine - chemistry</topic><topic>Waste Water - chemistry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Coppens, Joeri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindeboom, Ralph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muys, Maarten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coessens, Wout</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alloul, Abbas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meerbergen, Ken</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lievens, Bart</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clauwaert, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boon, Nico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Aquaculture Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Bioresource technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Coppens, Joeri</au><au>Lindeboom, Ralph</au><au>Muys, Maarten</au><au>Coessens, Wout</au><au>Alloul, Abbas</au><au>Meerbergen, Ken</au><au>Lievens, Bart</au><au>Clauwaert, Peter</au><au>Boon, Nico</au><au>Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine</atitle><jtitle>Bioresource technology</jtitle><addtitle>Bioresour Technol</addtitle><date>2016-07</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>211</volume><spage>41</spage><epage>50</epage><pages>41-50</pages><issn>0960-8524</issn><eissn>1873-2976</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted]
•Full nitrification of undiluted urine at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 was obtained.•A halotolerant inoculum cut start-up time by 54% compared to sewage activated sludge.•Nitrite oxidation showed faster salt adaptation than ammonia oxidation.•Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers in both nitrification systems.•Arthrospira platensis growth on nitrified urine led to a 62% biomass protein content.
Urine contains the majority of nutrients in urban wastewaters and is an ideal nutrient recovery target. In this study, stabilization of real undiluted urine through nitrification and subsequent microalgae cultivation were explored as strategy for biological nutrient recovery. A nitrifying inoculum screening revealed a commercial aquaculture inoculum to have the highest halotolerance. This inoculum was compared with municipal activated sludge for the start-up of two nitrification membrane bioreactors. Complete nitrification of undiluted urine was achieved in both systems at a conductivity of 75mScm−1 and loading rate above 450mgNL−1d−1. The halotolerant inoculum shortened the start-up time with 54%. Nitrite oxidizers showed faster salt adaptation and Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers. Nitrified urine as growth medium for Arthrospira platensis demonstrated superior growth compared to untreated urine and resulted in a high protein content of 62%. This two-stage strategy is therefore a promising approach for biological nutrient recovery.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>26998796</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.001</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-9577</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Bioresource technology, 2016-07, Vol.211, p.41-50 |
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| subjects | Aquaculture Arthrospira platensis Bioreactors Microalgae - growth & development Microalgae - metabolism Nitrification Nitrites - metabolism Nitrobacter Nitrobacter - growth & development Nitrobacter - metabolism Nitrogen recovery Oxidation-Reduction Salt adaptation Sewage - chemistry Sewage - microbiology Single cell protein Source separation Spirulina Spirulina - growth & development Spirulina - metabolism Urine - chemistry Waste Water - chemistry |
| title | Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine |
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