A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr
During visual excitation, rhodopsin undergoes photoactivation and bleaches to opsin and all-trans-retinal. To regenerate rhodopsin and maintain normal visual sensitivity, the all-trans isomer must be metabolized and reisomerized to produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal in biochemical steps that con...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature genetics 2001-07, Vol.28 (3), p.256-260 |
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| creator | Fong, Henry K.W Chen, Pu Hao, Wenshan Rife, Lawrence Wang, Xiao Peng Shen, Daiwei Chen, Jeannie Ogden, Thomas Van Boemel, Gretchen B Wu, Lanyin Yang, Mao |
| description | During visual excitation, rhodopsin undergoes photoactivation and bleaches to opsin and all-trans-retinal. To regenerate rhodopsin and maintain normal visual sensitivity, the all-trans isomer must be metabolized and reisomerized to produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal in biochemical steps that constitute the visual cycle and involve the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE; refs. 3-8). A key step in the visual cycle is isomerization of an all-trans retinoid to 11-cis-retinol in the RPE (refs. 9-11). It could be that the retinochrome-like opsins, peropsin, or the retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) opsin12-16 are isomerases in the RPE. In contrast to visual pigments, RGR is bound predominantly to endogenous all-trans-retinal, and irradiation of RGR in vitro results in stereospecific conversion of the bound all-trans isomer to 11-cis-retinal. Here we show that RGR is involved in the formation of 11-cis-retinal in mice and functions in a light-dependent pathway of the rod visual cycle. Mutations in the human gene encoding RGR are associated with retinitis pigmentosa. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/90089 |
| format | Article |
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To regenerate rhodopsin and maintain normal visual sensitivity, the all-trans isomer must be metabolized and reisomerized to produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal in biochemical steps that constitute the visual cycle and involve the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE; refs. 3-8). A key step in the visual cycle is isomerization of an all-trans retinoid to 11-cis-retinol in the RPE (refs. 9-11). It could be that the retinochrome-like opsins, peropsin, or the retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) opsin12-16 are isomerases in the RPE. In contrast to visual pigments, RGR is bound predominantly to endogenous all-trans-retinal, and irradiation of RGR in vitro results in stereospecific conversion of the bound all-trans isomer to 11-cis-retinal. Here we show that RGR is involved in the formation of 11-cis-retinal in mice and functions in a light-dependent pathway of the rod visual cycle. Mutations in the human gene encoding RGR are associated with retinitis pigmentosa.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1061-4036</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1546-1718</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/90089</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11431696</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NGENEC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group</publisher><subject>11-cis-Retinal ; Adaptation ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cell physiology ; Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids ; Darkness ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Electroretinography ; Eye - metabolism ; Eye - radiation effects ; Eye Proteins - genetics ; Eye Proteins - metabolism ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetic aspects ; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution ; Irradiation ; Light ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Models, Chemical ; Molecular and cellular biology ; Mutation ; Neurosciences ; Photic Stimulation ; Photoactivation ; Photobiology ; Physiological aspects ; pigment epithelium ; Proteins ; Publishing ; Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; retinal pigment epithelium ; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism ; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - radiation effects ; Retinaldehyde - metabolism ; Rgr gene ; Rhodopsin ; Rhodopsin - metabolism ; Rhodopsin - radiation effects ; Vertebrata ; Vision, photoreception</subject><ispartof>Nature genetics, 2001-07, Vol.28 (3), p.256-260</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2001 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jul 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-81c7a1664430f122435ae422431827d93efd43357a5ad4dd5c2e7fd70d55fa863</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-81c7a1664430f122435ae422431827d93efd43357a5ad4dd5c2e7fd70d55fa863</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,2728,27929,27930</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14069996$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11431696$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fong, Henry K.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Pu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Wenshan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rife, Lawrence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xiao Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Daiwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jeannie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogden, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Boemel, Gretchen B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Lanyin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Mao</creatorcontrib><title>A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr</title><title>Nature genetics</title><addtitle>Nat Genet</addtitle><description>During visual excitation, rhodopsin undergoes photoactivation and bleaches to opsin and all-trans-retinal. To regenerate rhodopsin and maintain normal visual sensitivity, the all-trans isomer must be metabolized and reisomerized to produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal in biochemical steps that constitute the visual cycle and involve the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE; refs. 3-8). A key step in the visual cycle is isomerization of an all-trans retinoid to 11-cis-retinol in the RPE (refs. 9-11). It could be that the retinochrome-like opsins, peropsin, or the retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) opsin12-16 are isomerases in the RPE. In contrast to visual pigments, RGR is bound predominantly to endogenous all-trans-retinal, and irradiation of RGR in vitro results in stereospecific conversion of the bound all-trans isomer to 11-cis-retinal. Here we show that RGR is involved in the formation of 11-cis-retinal in mice and functions in a light-dependent pathway of the rod visual cycle. Mutations in the human gene encoding RGR are associated with retinitis pigmentosa.</description><subject>11-cis-Retinal</subject><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell physiology</subject><subject>Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids</subject><subject>Darkness</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</subject><subject>Electroretinography</subject><subject>Eye - metabolism</subject><subject>Eye - radiation effects</subject><subject>Eye Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Eye Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Mutant Strains</subject><subject>Models, Chemical</subject><subject>Molecular and cellular biology</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation</subject><subject>Photoactivation</subject><subject>Photobiology</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>pigment epithelium</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Publishing</subject><subject>Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled</subject><subject>retinal pigment epithelium</subject><subject>Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - radiation effects</subject><subject>Retinaldehyde - metabolism</subject><subject>Rgr gene</subject><subject>Rhodopsin</subject><subject>Rhodopsin - metabolism</subject><subject>Rhodopsin - radiation effects</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><subject>Vision, photoreception</subject><issn>1061-4036</issn><issn>1546-1718</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0ktr3DAQAGBTGpo0zS8oFNPQQA5ONdbD9nFZ2iYQCKSPq1Cl0UbBK7mSXZp_X228ZNmSQ9FhJPFpNEJTFCdALoDQ9mNHSNu9KI6AM1FBA-3LPCcCKkaoOCxep3RPCDBG2lfFIQCjIDpxVCwX5XAXRqfL3y5Nqi_1g-6xDLaMd8GEITlfRlyhx6hGF3zpUmlwQG_Qj2Ve367im-LAqj7hyTYeF98_f_q2vKyub75cLRfXleYcxqoF3SgQgjFKLNQ1o1wh20Ro68Z0FK1hlPJGcWWYMVzX2FjTEMO5Va2gx8XZnHeI4deEaZRrlzT2vfIYpiSh6QjnvMnw_T_wPkzR59pkXde5As5ZRqczWqkepfM2jFHpTUa5gJYyKlqArC6eUXkYXDsdPFqX9_cOnO8dyGbEP-NKTSnJq6-3_29vfuzbD7PVMaQU0cohurWKDxKI3HSAfOyA7N5t3z79XKPZqe2X7xINKmnV26i8dmnnGBFd9-jezs6rcYr4BOZr_gJqkbp5</recordid><startdate>20010701</startdate><enddate>20010701</enddate><creator>Fong, Henry K.W</creator><creator>Chen, Pu</creator><creator>Hao, Wenshan</creator><creator>Rife, Lawrence</creator><creator>Wang, Xiao Peng</creator><creator>Shen, Daiwei</creator><creator>Chen, Jeannie</creator><creator>Ogden, Thomas</creator><creator>Van Boemel, Gretchen B</creator><creator>Wu, Lanyin</creator><creator>Yang, Mao</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010701</creationdate><title>A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr</title><author>Fong, Henry K.W ; Chen, Pu ; Hao, Wenshan ; Rife, Lawrence ; Wang, Xiao Peng ; Shen, Daiwei ; Chen, Jeannie ; Ogden, Thomas ; Van Boemel, Gretchen B ; Wu, Lanyin ; Yang, Mao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-81c7a1664430f122435ae422431827d93efd43357a5ad4dd5c2e7fd70d55fa863</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>11-cis-Retinal</topic><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell physiology</topic><topic>Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids</topic><topic>Darkness</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</topic><topic>Electroretinography</topic><topic>Eye - metabolism</topic><topic>Eye - radiation effects</topic><topic>Eye Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Eye Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genetics of eukaryotes. 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To regenerate rhodopsin and maintain normal visual sensitivity, the all-trans isomer must be metabolized and reisomerized to produce the chromophore 11-cis-retinal in biochemical steps that constitute the visual cycle and involve the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE; refs. 3-8). A key step in the visual cycle is isomerization of an all-trans retinoid to 11-cis-retinol in the RPE (refs. 9-11). It could be that the retinochrome-like opsins, peropsin, or the retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) opsin12-16 are isomerases in the RPE. In contrast to visual pigments, RGR is bound predominantly to endogenous all-trans-retinal, and irradiation of RGR in vitro results in stereospecific conversion of the bound all-trans isomer to 11-cis-retinal. Here we show that RGR is involved in the formation of 11-cis-retinal in mice and functions in a light-dependent pathway of the rod visual cycle. Mutations in the human gene encoding RGR are associated with retinitis pigmentosa.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group</pub><pmid>11431696</pmid><doi>10.1038/90089</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 11-cis-Retinal Adaptation Animals Biological and medical sciences Cell physiology Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids Darkness Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation Electroretinography Eye - metabolism Eye - radiation effects Eye Proteins - genetics Eye Proteins - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic aspects Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Irradiation Light Mice Mice, Mutant Strains Models, Chemical Molecular and cellular biology Mutation Neurosciences Photic Stimulation Photoactivation Photobiology Physiological aspects pigment epithelium Proteins Publishing Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled retinal pigment epithelium Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells - radiation effects Retinaldehyde - metabolism Rgr gene Rhodopsin Rhodopsin - metabolism Rhodopsin - radiation effects Vertebrata Vision, photoreception |
| title | A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr |
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