Noise attenuation of hearing protectors against heavy weapon noise
This study evaluated the noise attenuation of earplugs and earmuffs or their combined use against heavy weapon noise in field conditions for military personnel. The noise attenuation was measured with a miniature microphone inserted into the ear canal. The subjects (13) were tested against pink nois...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Military medicine 2000-09, Vol.165 (9), p.678-682 |
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| container_title | Military medicine |
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| creator | LEHTOMÄKI, Kyösti PÄÄKKÖNEN, Rauno SAVOLAINEN, Seppo MYLLYNIEMI, Jari HÄMÄLÄINEN, Eero |
| description | This study evaluated the noise attenuation of earplugs and earmuffs or their combined use against heavy weapon noise in field conditions for military personnel. The noise attenuation was measured with a miniature microphone inserted into the ear canal. The subjects (13) were tested against pink noise and against the noise of explosions and bazooka, mortar, cannon, and howitzer. The attenuation (insertion loss) was 16 to 23 dB for earplugs, 10 to 20 dB for earmuffs, and 24 to 34 dB for the combined use of plugs and muffs. The transfer function of an open ear was 5 to 7 dB when measured as the C-weighted peak level. The combined use of earplugs and earmuffs gave smaller attenuation values than expected. If the limit for the C-weighted peak level is 140 dB for unprotected ears, then protection against low-frequency noise is provided for up to 156 dB by earplugs, up to 150 dB by earmuffs, and up to 165 dB by the combined use of plugs and muffs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/milmed/165.9.678 |
| format | Article |
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The noise attenuation was measured with a miniature microphone inserted into the ear canal. The subjects (13) were tested against pink noise and against the noise of explosions and bazooka, mortar, cannon, and howitzer. The attenuation (insertion loss) was 16 to 23 dB for earplugs, 10 to 20 dB for earmuffs, and 24 to 34 dB for the combined use of plugs and muffs. The transfer function of an open ear was 5 to 7 dB when measured as the C-weighted peak level. The combined use of earplugs and earmuffs gave smaller attenuation values than expected. If the limit for the C-weighted peak level is 140 dB for unprotected ears, then protection against low-frequency noise is provided for up to 156 dB by earplugs, up to 150 dB by earmuffs, and up to 165 dB by the combined use of plugs and muffs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0026-4075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1930-613X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/milmed/165.9.678</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11011540</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MMEDA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Association of Military Surgeons</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Ear Protective Devices - standards ; Ear Protective Devices - supply & distribution ; Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology ; Eardrum ; Ears & hearing ; Equipment Design ; Explosions ; Finland ; Firearms ; Hearing protection ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Medical sciences ; Military Personnel ; Noise control ; Noise, Occupational - adverse effects ; Non tumoral diseases ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology ; Prevention and actions ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...) ; Weapons</subject><ispartof>Military medicine, 2000-09, Vol.165 (9), p.678-682</ispartof><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Association of Military Surgeons of the United States Sep 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-845b182ed5d23071abbe53c2bb8240798a0061d40b1f4661713305509f1647e63</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1495135$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011540$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>LEHTOMÄKI, Kyösti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PÄÄKKÖNEN, Rauno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAVOLAINEN, Seppo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MYLLYNIEMI, Jari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HÄMÄLÄINEN, Eero</creatorcontrib><title>Noise attenuation of hearing protectors against heavy weapon noise</title><title>Military medicine</title><addtitle>Mil Med</addtitle><description>This study evaluated the noise attenuation of earplugs and earmuffs or their combined use against heavy weapon noise in field conditions for military personnel. The noise attenuation was measured with a miniature microphone inserted into the ear canal. The subjects (13) were tested against pink noise and against the noise of explosions and bazooka, mortar, cannon, and howitzer. The attenuation (insertion loss) was 16 to 23 dB for earplugs, 10 to 20 dB for earmuffs, and 24 to 34 dB for the combined use of plugs and muffs. The transfer function of an open ear was 5 to 7 dB when measured as the C-weighted peak level. The combined use of earplugs and earmuffs gave smaller attenuation values than expected. If the limit for the C-weighted peak level is 140 dB for unprotected ears, then protection against low-frequency noise is provided for up to 156 dB by earplugs, up to 150 dB by earmuffs, and up to 165 dB by the combined use of plugs and muffs.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ear Protective Devices - standards</subject><subject>Ear Protective Devices - supply & distribution</subject><subject>Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology</subject><subject>Eardrum</subject><subject>Ears & hearing</subject><subject>Equipment Design</subject><subject>Explosions</subject><subject>Finland</subject><subject>Firearms</subject><subject>Hearing protection</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Military Personnel</subject><subject>Noise control</subject><subject>Noise, Occupational - adverse effects</subject><subject>Non tumoral diseases</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology</subject><subject>Prevention and actions</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. 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Stomatology</topic><topic>Prevention and actions</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. 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The noise attenuation was measured with a miniature microphone inserted into the ear canal. The subjects (13) were tested against pink noise and against the noise of explosions and bazooka, mortar, cannon, and howitzer. The attenuation (insertion loss) was 16 to 23 dB for earplugs, 10 to 20 dB for earmuffs, and 24 to 34 dB for the combined use of plugs and muffs. The transfer function of an open ear was 5 to 7 dB when measured as the C-weighted peak level. The combined use of earplugs and earmuffs gave smaller attenuation values than expected. If the limit for the C-weighted peak level is 140 dB for unprotected ears, then protection against low-frequency noise is provided for up to 156 dB by earplugs, up to 150 dB by earmuffs, and up to 165 dB by the combined use of plugs and muffs.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Association of Military Surgeons</pub><pmid>11011540</pmid><doi>10.1093/milmed/165.9.678</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Ear Protective Devices - standards Ear Protective Devices - supply & distribution Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology Eardrum Ears & hearing Equipment Design Explosions Finland Firearms Hearing protection Humans Materials Testing Medical sciences Military Personnel Noise control Noise, Occupational - adverse effects Non tumoral diseases Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology Prevention and actions Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...) Weapons |
| title | Noise attenuation of hearing protectors against heavy weapon noise |
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