Contamination mechanisms of air basin with tritium in venues of underground nuclear explosions at the former Semipalatinsk test site
During the period of testing from 1945 to 1962 at the territory of Semipalatinsk test site (STS) within the Degelen Mountains in tunnels, 209 underground nuclear explosions were produced. Many of the tunnels have seasonal water seepage in the form of streams, through which tritium migrates from the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental radioactivity 2012-11, Vol.113, p.98-107 |
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| creator | Lyakhova, O.N. Lukashenko, S.N. Larionova, N.V. Tur, Y.S. |
| description | During the period of testing from 1945 to 1962 at the territory of Semipalatinsk test site (STS) within the Degelen Mountains in tunnels, 209 underground nuclear explosions were produced. Many of the tunnels have seasonal water seepage in the form of streams, through which tritium migrates from the underground nuclear explosion (UNE) venues towards the surface. The issue of tritium contamination occupies a special place in the radioactive contamination of the environment. In this paper we assess the level and distribution of tritium in the atmospheric air of ecosystems with water seepage at tunnels № 176 and № 177, located on “Degelen” site. There has been presented general nature of tritium distribution in the atmosphere relative to surface of a watercourse which has been contaminated with tritium. The basic mechanisms were studied for tritium distribution in the air of studied ecosystems, namely, the distribution of tritium in the systems: water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere, vegetation–atmosphere. An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere by the concentration of tritium in water has been performed. There has experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in one of the inlet sources such as water, tunnel air, soil water, vegetation, etc.. The paper also describes the general nature of tritium distribution in the air in the area “Degelen”.
► The basic mechanisms for tritium distribution in the air of nuclear testing sites were examined. ► We researched the distribution of tritium in the systems such as water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere and vegetation–atmosphere. ► An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere was performed. ► We experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in various sources. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.02.010 |
| format | Article |
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► The basic mechanisms for tritium distribution in the air of nuclear testing sites were examined. ► We researched the distribution of tritium in the systems such as water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere and vegetation–atmosphere. ► An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere was performed. ► We experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in various sources.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0265-931X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1700</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.02.010</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22672895</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JERAEE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis ; Applied sciences ; Atmospheric air ; Atmospheric pollution ; Contamination ; Degelen site ; Ecosystems ; Exact sciences and technology ; Mathematical analysis ; Mountains ; Nuclear explosions ; Nuclear Power Plants ; Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution ; Pollution ; Semipalatinsk nuclear test site ; Tritium ; Tritium - analysis ; Tritium contamination ; Tritium distribution ; Tunnels (transportation) ; Underground</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2012-11, Vol.113, p.98-107</ispartof><rights>2012 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-af1e428dcd25f856cdf2b3b1759c3a4088006fec4ea302446b7a005ff433c4a03</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.02.010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26355648$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22672895$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lyakhova, O.N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lukashenko, S.N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larionova, N.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tur, Y.S.</creatorcontrib><title>Contamination mechanisms of air basin with tritium in venues of underground nuclear explosions at the former Semipalatinsk test site</title><title>Journal of environmental radioactivity</title><addtitle>J Environ Radioact</addtitle><description>During the period of testing from 1945 to 1962 at the territory of Semipalatinsk test site (STS) within the Degelen Mountains in tunnels, 209 underground nuclear explosions were produced. Many of the tunnels have seasonal water seepage in the form of streams, through which tritium migrates from the underground nuclear explosion (UNE) venues towards the surface. The issue of tritium contamination occupies a special place in the radioactive contamination of the environment. In this paper we assess the level and distribution of tritium in the atmospheric air of ecosystems with water seepage at tunnels № 176 and № 177, located on “Degelen” site. There has been presented general nature of tritium distribution in the atmosphere relative to surface of a watercourse which has been contaminated with tritium. The basic mechanisms were studied for tritium distribution in the air of studied ecosystems, namely, the distribution of tritium in the systems: water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere, vegetation–atmosphere. An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere by the concentration of tritium in water has been performed. There has experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in one of the inlet sources such as water, tunnel air, soil water, vegetation, etc.. The paper also describes the general nature of tritium distribution in the air in the area “Degelen”.
► The basic mechanisms for tritium distribution in the air of nuclear testing sites were examined. ► We researched the distribution of tritium in the systems such as water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere and vegetation–atmosphere. ► An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere was performed. ► We experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in various sources.</description><subject>Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Atmospheric air</subject><subject>Atmospheric pollution</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Degelen site</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>Nuclear explosions</subject><subject>Nuclear Power Plants</subject><subject>Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Semipalatinsk nuclear test site</subject><subject>Tritium</subject><subject>Tritium - analysis</subject><subject>Tritium contamination</subject><subject>Tritium distribution</subject><subject>Tunnels (transportation)</subject><subject>Underground</subject><issn>0265-931X</issn><issn>1879-1700</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkcGKFDEQhoMo7uzqIyi5CF56TNJJOn0SGVZXWPCggreQTlecjN3JmKRHvfvgZpxRjysUFFV8VfVTP0JPKFlTQuWL3XoH4ZDMuGaEsjWpQck9tKKq6xvaEXIfrQiToulb-ukCXea8I6T2FXuILhiTHVO9WKGfmxiKmX0wxceAZ7BbE3yeM44OG5_wYLIP-JsvW1ySL36Zca0PEBb4zSxhhPQ5xZpxWOwEJmH4vp9irvsyNgWXLWAX0wwJv4fZ781Ub4X8BRfIBWdf4BF64MyU4fE5X6GPr68_bG6a23dv3m5e3TaWS1oa4yhwpkY7MuGUkHZ0bGgH2onetoYTpQiRDiwH0xLGuRw6Q4hwjret5Ya0V-j5ae8-xa9Vf9GzzxamyQSIS9a0U4IJRnh3N0paJWnXMv4_qBCsY7KvqDihNsWcEzi9T3426UeF9NFWvdNnW_XRVk1q0KPwp-cTyzDD-Hfqj48VeHYGTLZmcskE6_M_TlYJkqvKvTxxUN988JB0th6ChdEnsEWP0d8h5ReQ2MU7</recordid><startdate>20121101</startdate><enddate>20121101</enddate><creator>Lyakhova, O.N.</creator><creator>Lukashenko, S.N.</creator><creator>Larionova, N.V.</creator><creator>Tur, Y.S.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20121101</creationdate><title>Contamination mechanisms of air basin with tritium in venues of underground nuclear explosions at the former Semipalatinsk test site</title><author>Lyakhova, O.N. ; Lukashenko, S.N. ; Larionova, N.V. ; Tur, Y.S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-af1e428dcd25f856cdf2b3b1759c3a4088006fec4ea302446b7a005ff433c4a03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmospheric air</topic><topic>Atmospheric pollution</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Degelen site</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Mountains</topic><topic>Nuclear explosions</topic><topic>Nuclear Power Plants</topic><topic>Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Semipalatinsk nuclear test site</topic><topic>Tritium</topic><topic>Tritium - analysis</topic><topic>Tritium contamination</topic><topic>Tritium distribution</topic><topic>Tunnels (transportation)</topic><topic>Underground</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lyakhova, O.N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lukashenko, S.N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larionova, N.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tur, Y.S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental radioactivity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lyakhova, O.N.</au><au>Lukashenko, S.N.</au><au>Larionova, N.V.</au><au>Tur, Y.S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Contamination mechanisms of air basin with tritium in venues of underground nuclear explosions at the former Semipalatinsk test site</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental radioactivity</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Radioact</addtitle><date>2012-11-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>113</volume><spage>98</spage><epage>107</epage><pages>98-107</pages><issn>0265-931X</issn><eissn>1879-1700</eissn><coden>JERAEE</coden><abstract>During the period of testing from 1945 to 1962 at the territory of Semipalatinsk test site (STS) within the Degelen Mountains in tunnels, 209 underground nuclear explosions were produced. Many of the tunnels have seasonal water seepage in the form of streams, through which tritium migrates from the underground nuclear explosion (UNE) venues towards the surface. The issue of tritium contamination occupies a special place in the radioactive contamination of the environment. In this paper we assess the level and distribution of tritium in the atmospheric air of ecosystems with water seepage at tunnels № 176 and № 177, located on “Degelen” site. There has been presented general nature of tritium distribution in the atmosphere relative to surface of a watercourse which has been contaminated with tritium. The basic mechanisms were studied for tritium distribution in the air of studied ecosystems, namely, the distribution of tritium in the systems: water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere, vegetation–atmosphere. An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere by the concentration of tritium in water has been performed. There has experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in one of the inlet sources such as water, tunnel air, soil water, vegetation, etc.. The paper also describes the general nature of tritium distribution in the air in the area “Degelen”.
► The basic mechanisms for tritium distribution in the air of nuclear testing sites were examined. ► We researched the distribution of tritium in the systems such as water–atmosphere, tunnel air–atmosphere, soil water–atmosphere and vegetation–atmosphere. ► An analytical calculation of tritium concentration in the atmosphere was performed. ► We experimentally obtained the dependence for predictive assessment of tritium concentrations in air as a function of tritium concentration in various sources.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>22672895</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.02.010</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis Applied sciences Atmospheric air Atmospheric pollution Contamination Degelen site Ecosystems Exact sciences and technology Mathematical analysis Mountains Nuclear explosions Nuclear Power Plants Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution Pollution Semipalatinsk nuclear test site Tritium Tritium - analysis Tritium contamination Tritium distribution Tunnels (transportation) Underground |
| title | Contamination mechanisms of air basin with tritium in venues of underground nuclear explosions at the former Semipalatinsk test site |
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