Stable coexistence of an invasive plant and biocontrol agent: a parameterized coupled plant-herbivore model

1. Coupled plant-herbivore models, allowing feedback from plant to herbivore populations and vice versa, enable us to predict the impact of biocontrol agents on their target weed populations; however, they are rarely used in biocontrol studies. We describe the population biology of the invasive plan...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of applied ecology 2005-02, Vol.42 (1), p.70-79
Hauptverfasser: Buckley, Y.M, Rees, M, Sheppard, A.W, Smyth, M.J
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creator Buckley, Y.M
Rees, M
Sheppard, A.W
Smyth, M.J
description 1. Coupled plant-herbivore models, allowing feedback from plant to herbivore populations and vice versa, enable us to predict the impact of biocontrol agents on their target weed populations; however, they are rarely used in biocontrol studies. We describe the population biology of the invasive plant Echium plantagineum and the weevil Mogulones larvatus, a biocontrol agent, in Australia. In order to understand the dynamics of this plant-herbivore system, a series of coupled models of increasing complexity was developed. 2. A simple model was extended to include a seed bank, density-dependent plant fecundity, competition between weevil larvae and plant tolerance of herbivory, where below a threshold plants could compensate for larval feeding. Parameters and functional forms were estimated from experimental and field data. 3. The plant model, in the absence of the weevil, exhibited stable dynamics and provided a good quantitative description of field densities before the weevil was introduced. 4. In the coupled plant-herbivore model, density dependence in both plant fecundity and weevil larval competition stabilized the dynamics. Without larval competition the model was unstable, and plant tolerance of herbivory exacerbated this instability. This was a result of a time delay in plant response to herbivore densities. 5. Synthesis and applications. The coupled plant-herbivore model allowed us to predict whether stable coexistence of target plant and biocontrol agents was achievable at an acceptable level. We found this to be the case for the Echium-Mogulones system and believe that similar models would be of use when assessing new agents in this and other invasive plant biocontrol systems. Density dependence in new biocontrol agents should be assessed in order to determine whether it is likely to result in the aims of classical biocontrol: low, stable and sustainable populations of plant and herbivore. Further work should be done to characterize the strength of density dependence according to the niche occupied by the biocontrol agent, for example the strength and functional form of density dependence in stem borers may be quite different to that of defoliators.
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Coupled plant-herbivore models, allowing feedback from plant to herbivore populations and vice versa, enable us to predict the impact of biocontrol agents on their target weed populations; however, they are rarely used in biocontrol studies. We describe the population biology of the invasive plant Echium plantagineum and the weevil Mogulones larvatus, a biocontrol agent, in Australia. In order to understand the dynamics of this plant-herbivore system, a series of coupled models of increasing complexity was developed. 2. A simple model was extended to include a seed bank, density-dependent plant fecundity, competition between weevil larvae and plant tolerance of herbivory, where below a threshold plants could compensate for larval feeding. Parameters and functional forms were estimated from experimental and field data. 3. The plant model, in the absence of the weevil, exhibited stable dynamics and provided a good quantitative description of field densities before the weevil was introduced. 4. In the coupled plant-herbivore model, density dependence in both plant fecundity and weevil larval competition stabilized the dynamics. Without larval competition the model was unstable, and plant tolerance of herbivory exacerbated this instability. This was a result of a time delay in plant response to herbivore densities. 5. Synthesis and applications. The coupled plant-herbivore model allowed us to predict whether stable coexistence of target plant and biocontrol agents was achievable at an acceptable level. We found this to be the case for the Echium-Mogulones system and believe that similar models would be of use when assessing new agents in this and other invasive plant biocontrol systems. Density dependence in new biocontrol agents should be assessed in order to determine whether it is likely to result in the aims of classical biocontrol: low, stable and sustainable populations of plant and herbivore. Further work should be done to characterize the strength of density dependence according to the niche occupied by the biocontrol agent, for example the strength and functional form of density dependence in stem borers may be quite different to that of defoliators.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8901</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2664</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.00991.x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPEAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; biological control ; biological control agents ; Curculionidae ; density dependence ; dry matter accumulation ; Echium plantagineum ; Ecological competition ; Ecological modeling ; Economic competition ; equations ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Herbicides ; herbivore tolerance ; Herbivores ; integrated weed management ; intraspecific competition ; invasive species ; Larvae ; Management of Invasives ; mathematical models ; Modeling ; Mogulones larvatus ; Nicholson–Bailey model ; pastures ; Plant populations ; plant reproduction ; plant-insect relations ; Plants ; population density ; Seed banks ; structural uncertsainty ; Weeds ; Weevils</subject><ispartof>The Journal of applied ecology, 2005-02, Vol.42 (1), p.70-79</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2005 British Ecological Society</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Feb 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4951-8ac6bc8b7f441ccd362ad8542cd3545bb407edcfb0bfff7733de057d7d7ae1853</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4951-8ac6bc8b7f441ccd362ad8542cd3545bb407edcfb0bfff7733de057d7d7ae1853</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3505940$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3505940$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=16642152$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Buckley, Y.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rees, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sheppard, A.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smyth, M.J</creatorcontrib><title>Stable coexistence of an invasive plant and biocontrol agent: a parameterized coupled plant-herbivore model</title><title>The Journal of applied ecology</title><description>1. Coupled plant-herbivore models, allowing feedback from plant to herbivore populations and vice versa, enable us to predict the impact of biocontrol agents on their target weed populations; however, they are rarely used in biocontrol studies. We describe the population biology of the invasive plant Echium plantagineum and the weevil Mogulones larvatus, a biocontrol agent, in Australia. In order to understand the dynamics of this plant-herbivore system, a series of coupled models of increasing complexity was developed. 2. A simple model was extended to include a seed bank, density-dependent plant fecundity, competition between weevil larvae and plant tolerance of herbivory, where below a threshold plants could compensate for larval feeding. Parameters and functional forms were estimated from experimental and field data. 3. The plant model, in the absence of the weevil, exhibited stable dynamics and provided a good quantitative description of field densities before the weevil was introduced. 4. In the coupled plant-herbivore model, density dependence in both plant fecundity and weevil larval competition stabilized the dynamics. Without larval competition the model was unstable, and plant tolerance of herbivory exacerbated this instability. This was a result of a time delay in plant response to herbivore densities. 5. Synthesis and applications. The coupled plant-herbivore model allowed us to predict whether stable coexistence of target plant and biocontrol agents was achievable at an acceptable level. We found this to be the case for the Echium-Mogulones system and believe that similar models would be of use when assessing new agents in this and other invasive plant biocontrol systems. Density dependence in new biocontrol agents should be assessed in order to determine whether it is likely to result in the aims of classical biocontrol: low, stable and sustainable populations of plant and herbivore. Further work should be done to characterize the strength of density dependence according to the niche occupied by the biocontrol agent, for example the strength and functional form of density dependence in stem borers may be quite different to that of defoliators.</description><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biological control</subject><subject>biological control agents</subject><subject>Curculionidae</subject><subject>density dependence</subject><subject>dry matter accumulation</subject><subject>Echium plantagineum</subject><subject>Ecological competition</subject><subject>Ecological modeling</subject><subject>Economic competition</subject><subject>equations</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Herbicides</subject><subject>herbivore tolerance</subject><subject>Herbivores</subject><subject>integrated weed management</subject><subject>intraspecific competition</subject><subject>invasive species</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Management of Invasives</subject><subject>mathematical models</subject><subject>Modeling</subject><subject>Mogulones larvatus</subject><subject>Nicholson–Bailey model</subject><subject>pastures</subject><subject>Plant populations</subject><subject>plant reproduction</subject><subject>plant-insect relations</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>population density</subject><subject>Seed banks</subject><subject>structural uncertsainty</subject><subject>Weeds</subject><subject>Weevils</subject><issn>0021-8901</issn><issn>1365-2664</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNUV1rFTEQDaLgtfoPBIOgb7vN536IL6XUj1JQqH0O2eykZs3drMne662_vtluqeBTk4cZZs45HOYghCkpaX7HQ0l5JQtWVaJkhMiSkLal5eEJ2jwsnqINIYwWTUvoc_QipYFklOR8g35dzrrzgE2Ag0szjAZwsFiP2I17ndwe8OT1OOdJjzsXTBjnGDzW1zDOH7DGk456CzNE9xf6LLObfK53nOInxM7tQwS8DT34l-iZ1T7Bq_t6hK4-nf04_VJcfPv89fTkojCildmlNlVnmq62QlBjel4x3TdSsNxKIbtOkBp6YzvSWWvrmvMeiKz7_DXQRvIj9H7VnWL4vYM0q61LBnz2BGGXFK0bka_CMvDtf8Ah7OKYvSnGuZBVLUUGNSvIxJBSBKum6LY63ihK1BKBGtRyabVcWi0RqLsI1CFT393r62S0t1GPxqV__MUElYuPjyvuj_Nw82h9df79LDeZ_nqlD2kO8YHOJZGtIHn9Zl1bHZS-jtnB1SUjlBNKWCsrzm8BOyOtnw</recordid><startdate>200502</startdate><enddate>200502</enddate><creator>Buckley, Y.M</creator><creator>Rees, M</creator><creator>Sheppard, A.W</creator><creator>Smyth, M.J</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell Science</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200502</creationdate><title>Stable coexistence of an invasive plant and biocontrol agent: a parameterized coupled plant-herbivore model</title><author>Buckley, Y.M ; Rees, M ; Sheppard, A.W ; Smyth, M.J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4951-8ac6bc8b7f441ccd362ad8542cd3545bb407edcfb0bfff7733de057d7d7ae1853</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biological control</topic><topic>biological control agents</topic><topic>Curculionidae</topic><topic>density dependence</topic><topic>dry matter accumulation</topic><topic>Echium plantagineum</topic><topic>Ecological competition</topic><topic>Ecological modeling</topic><topic>Economic competition</topic><topic>equations</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Coupled plant-herbivore models, allowing feedback from plant to herbivore populations and vice versa, enable us to predict the impact of biocontrol agents on their target weed populations; however, they are rarely used in biocontrol studies. We describe the population biology of the invasive plant Echium plantagineum and the weevil Mogulones larvatus, a biocontrol agent, in Australia. In order to understand the dynamics of this plant-herbivore system, a series of coupled models of increasing complexity was developed. 2. A simple model was extended to include a seed bank, density-dependent plant fecundity, competition between weevil larvae and plant tolerance of herbivory, where below a threshold plants could compensate for larval feeding. Parameters and functional forms were estimated from experimental and field data. 3. The plant model, in the absence of the weevil, exhibited stable dynamics and provided a good quantitative description of field densities before the weevil was introduced. 4. In the coupled plant-herbivore model, density dependence in both plant fecundity and weevil larval competition stabilized the dynamics. Without larval competition the model was unstable, and plant tolerance of herbivory exacerbated this instability. This was a result of a time delay in plant response to herbivore densities. 5. Synthesis and applications. The coupled plant-herbivore model allowed us to predict whether stable coexistence of target plant and biocontrol agents was achievable at an acceptable level. We found this to be the case for the Echium-Mogulones system and believe that similar models would be of use when assessing new agents in this and other invasive plant biocontrol systems. Density dependence in new biocontrol agents should be assessed in order to determine whether it is likely to result in the aims of classical biocontrol: low, stable and sustainable populations of plant and herbivore. Further work should be done to characterize the strength of density dependence according to the niche occupied by the biocontrol agent, for example the strength and functional form of density dependence in stem borers may be quite different to that of defoliators.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.00991.x</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
biological control
biological control agents
Curculionidae
density dependence
dry matter accumulation
Echium plantagineum
Ecological competition
Ecological modeling
Economic competition
equations
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Herbicides
herbivore tolerance
Herbivores
integrated weed management
intraspecific competition
invasive species
Larvae
Management of Invasives
mathematical models
Modeling
Mogulones larvatus
Nicholson–Bailey model
pastures
Plant populations
plant reproduction
plant-insect relations
Plants
population density
Seed banks
structural uncertsainty
Weeds
Weevils
title Stable coexistence of an invasive plant and biocontrol agent: a parameterized coupled plant-herbivore model
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