Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes
Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of medical entomology 2016-03, Vol.53 (2), p.262-267 |
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| container_title | Journal of medical entomology |
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| creator | Soliman, D. E. Farid, H. A. Hammad, R. E. Gad, A. M. Bartholomay, L. C. |
| description | Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. Microscopic analysis of Ae. caspius hemolymph revealed the presence of phagocytic cells called granulocytes. We further evaluated cellular immune responses produced by Ae. caspius as a result of exposure to a Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacterium, and to latex beads. After challenge, a rapid and strong phagocytic response against either a natural or synthetic invader was evident. Hemocyte integrity in bacteria-inoculated mosquitoes was not morphologically affected. The number of circulating granulocytes decreased with age, reducing the overall phagocytic capacity of mosquitoes over time. The magnitude and speed of the phagocytic response suggested that granulocytes act as an important force in the battle against foreign invaders, as has been characterized in other important mosquito vector species. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jme/tjv245 |
| format | Article |
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E. ; Farid, H. A. ; Hammad, R. E. ; Gad, A. M. ; Bartholomay, L. C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Soliman, D. E. ; Farid, H. A. ; Hammad, R. E. ; Gad, A. M. ; Bartholomay, L. C.</creatorcontrib><description>Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. Microscopic analysis of Ae. caspius hemolymph revealed the presence of phagocytic cells called granulocytes. We further evaluated cellular immune responses produced by Ae. caspius as a result of exposure to a Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacterium, and to latex beads. After challenge, a rapid and strong phagocytic response against either a natural or synthetic invader was evident. Hemocyte integrity in bacteria-inoculated mosquitoes was not morphologically affected. The number of circulating granulocytes decreased with age, reducing the overall phagocytic capacity of mosquitoes over time. The magnitude and speed of the phagocytic response suggested that granulocytes act as an important force in the battle against foreign invaders, as has been characterized in other important mosquito vector species.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-2585</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-2928</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv245</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26792848</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Entomological Society of America</publisher><subject>Aedes - immunology ; Aedes caspius ; Animals ; Aquatic insects ; ARTHROPOD/HOST INTERACTION, IMMUNITY ; Bacterial Infections - immunology ; Cellular biology ; cellular immune response ; Female ; hemocyte ; Hemocytes - cytology ; Hemocytes - physiology ; Immune system ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Innate ; Latex ; Microscopic analysis ; Mosquitoes ; Phagocytosis ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>Journal of medical entomology, 2016-03, Vol.53 (2), p.262-267</ispartof><rights>The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com journals.permissions@oup.com</rights><rights>The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. 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C.</creatorcontrib><title>Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes</title><title>Journal of medical entomology</title><addtitle>J Med Entomol</addtitle><description>Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. Microscopic analysis of Ae. caspius hemolymph revealed the presence of phagocytic cells called granulocytes. We further evaluated cellular immune responses produced by Ae. caspius as a result of exposure to a Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacterium, and to latex beads. After challenge, a rapid and strong phagocytic response against either a natural or synthetic invader was evident. Hemocyte integrity in bacteria-inoculated mosquitoes was not morphologically affected. The number of circulating granulocytes decreased with age, reducing the overall phagocytic capacity of mosquitoes over time. The magnitude and speed of the phagocytic response suggested that granulocytes act as an important force in the battle against foreign invaders, as has been characterized in other important mosquito vector species.</description><subject>Aedes - immunology</subject><subject>Aedes caspius</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>ARTHROPOD/HOST INTERACTION, IMMUNITY</subject><subject>Bacterial Infections - immunology</subject><subject>Cellular biology</subject><subject>cellular immune response</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>hemocyte</subject><subject>Hemocytes - cytology</subject><subject>Hemocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity, Cellular</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate</subject><subject>Latex</subject><subject>Microscopic analysis</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><issn>0022-2585</issn><issn>1938-2928</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp90E1Lw0AQBuBFFFurF3-ABESoQuzuZr_irdSvQkUUPYdNMoEtSTZms4L_3pVWDx56mjk8vMy8CJ0SfE1wmszWDcyG9SdlfA-NSZqomKZU7aMxxpTGlCs-QkfOrTHGirD0EI2okEEwNUYvy7bVA0QLqGtf6z5aNo1vIXoF19nWgYtMG82hDEuhXWe8i6a3phug1zfRwtemMKWGy-jJug9vBgvuGB1UunZwsp0T9H5_97Z4jFfPD8vFfBXniVRDXHJVVBoSCWmudMFkzgvOqSi1yGVZCRC0KhIBOq-IyEtRgsQYmKyUhpQzkUzQdJPb9fbDgxuyxrgivKFbsN5lRCrGBCOMBXr-j66t79twXUYUTxlVWKZBXW1U0VvneqiyrjeN7r8ygrOforNQdLYpOuCzbaTPGyj_6G-zAVxsgPXd7qDtG7mxtoVd9BvSjZR3</recordid><startdate>20160301</startdate><enddate>20160301</enddate><creator>Soliman, D. 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E. ; Farid, H. A. ; Hammad, R. E. ; Gad, A. M. ; Bartholomay, L. 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E.</au><au>Farid, H. A.</au><au>Hammad, R. E.</au><au>Gad, A. M.</au><au>Bartholomay, L. C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes</atitle><jtitle>Journal of medical entomology</jtitle><addtitle>J Med Entomol</addtitle><date>2016-03-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>262</spage><epage>267</epage><pages>262-267</pages><issn>0022-2585</issn><eissn>1938-2928</eissn><abstract>Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. 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| ispartof | Journal of medical entomology, 2016-03, Vol.53 (2), p.262-267 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Aedes - immunology Aedes caspius Animals Aquatic insects ARTHROPOD/HOST INTERACTION, IMMUNITY Bacterial Infections - immunology Cellular biology cellular immune response Female hemocyte Hemocytes - cytology Hemocytes - physiology Immune system Immunity, Cellular Immunity, Innate Latex Microscopic analysis Mosquitoes Phagocytosis Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes |
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