Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and Mitotic Spindle during Mitosis
Gómez-Conde, E., Mena-López, R., Hernández-Jaúregui, P., González-Camacho, M., and Arroyo, R. 2000. Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and mitotic spindle during mitosis. Experimental Parasitology96, 130–138. The mitotic phases and the changes that the chromatin and mitotic microtubules undergo during...
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| description | Gómez-Conde, E., Mena-López, R., Hernández-Jaúregui, P., González-Camacho, M., and Arroyo, R. 2000. Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and mitotic spindle during mitosis. Experimental Parasitology96, 130–138. The mitotic phases and the changes that the chromatin and mitotic microtubules undergo during mitosis in the sexually transmitted parasite Trichomonas vaginalis are described. Parasites arrested in the gap 2 phase of the cell cycle by nutrient starvation were induced to mitosis by addition of fresh whole medium. [3H] Thymidine labeling of trichomonad parasites for 24 h showed that parasites have at least four synchronic duplications after mitosis induction. Fixed or live and acridine orange (AO)-stained trichomonads analyzed at different times during mitosis by epifluorescence microscopy showed that mitosis took about 45 min and is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, early and late anaphase, early and late telophase, and cytokinesis. The AO-stained nucleus of live trichomonads showed green (DNA) and orange (RNA) fluorescence, and the nucleic acid nature was confirmed by DNase and RNase treatment, respectively. The chromatin appeared partially condensed during interphase. At metaphase, it appeared as six condensed chromosomes, as recently reported, which decondensed at anaphase and migrated to the nuclear poles at telophase. In addition, small bundles of microtubules (as hemispindles) were detected only in metaphase with the polyclonal antibody anti-Entamoeba histolytica α-tubulin. This antibody showed that the hemispindle and an atractophore-like structure seem to duplicate and polarize during metaphase. In conclusion, T. vaginalis mitosis involves five mitotic phases in which the chromatin undergoes different degrees of condensation, from chromosomes to decondensed chromatin, and two hemispindles that are observed only in the metaphase stage. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1006/expr.2000.4551 |
| format | Article |
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Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and mitotic spindle during mitosis. Experimental Parasitology96, 130–138. The mitotic phases and the changes that the chromatin and mitotic microtubules undergo during mitosis in the sexually transmitted parasite Trichomonas vaginalis are described. Parasites arrested in the gap 2 phase of the cell cycle by nutrient starvation were induced to mitosis by addition of fresh whole medium. [3H] Thymidine labeling of trichomonad parasites for 24 h showed that parasites have at least four synchronic duplications after mitosis induction. Fixed or live and acridine orange (AO)-stained trichomonads analyzed at different times during mitosis by epifluorescence microscopy showed that mitosis took about 45 min and is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, early and late anaphase, early and late telophase, and cytokinesis. The AO-stained nucleus of live trichomonads showed green (DNA) and orange (RNA) fluorescence, and the nucleic acid nature was confirmed by DNase and RNase treatment, respectively. The chromatin appeared partially condensed during interphase. At metaphase, it appeared as six condensed chromosomes, as recently reported, which decondensed at anaphase and migrated to the nuclear poles at telophase. In addition, small bundles of microtubules (as hemispindles) were detected only in metaphase with the polyclonal antibody anti-Entamoeba histolytica α-tubulin. This antibody showed that the hemispindle and an atractophore-like structure seem to duplicate and polarize during metaphase. In conclusion, T. vaginalis mitosis involves five mitotic phases in which the chromatin undergoes different degrees of condensation, from chromosomes to decondensed chromatin, and two hemispindles that are observed only in the metaphase stage.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0014-4894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2449</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1006/expr.2000.4551</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11162363</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EXPAAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Diego, CA: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Acridine Orange ; acridine orange (AO) ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; chromatin ; Chromatin - physiology ; Chromatin - ultrastructure ; chromosomes ; deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) ; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ; DNA, Protozoan - analysis ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gap 2 (G2) ; heat-inactivated horse serum (HIHS) ; hemispindles, chromosomal fibers ; Humans ; Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis ; metaphase ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; microtubule organizer centers (MTOCs) or atractophores ; Mitosis ; phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) ; polyclonal antibody (pAb) ; Protozoa ; ribonuclease (RNase) ; ribonucleic acid (RNA) ; RNA, Protozoan - analysis ; Spindle Apparatus - physiology ; Spindle Apparatus - ultrastructure ; Thymidine ; Time Factors ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Trichomonas vaginalis - cytology ; Trichomonas vaginalis - ultrastructure ; trypticase–yeast extract (TYI-S-33)</subject><ispartof>Experimental parasitology, 2000-11, Vol.96 (3), p.130-138</ispartof><rights>2000 Academic Press</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2000 Academic Press.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-f78ef28a8413b9931f398cb15aaccf4b14325c580b93dd581c67c8522cc94c1a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-f78ef28a8413b9931f398cb15aaccf4b14325c580b93dd581c67c8522cc94c1a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1006/expr.2000.4551$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27911,27912,45982</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=867968$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11162363$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gómez-Conde, Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mena-López, Raul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernndez-Jaúregui, Pablo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Camacho, Mónica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arroyo, Rossana</creatorcontrib><title>Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and Mitotic Spindle during Mitosis</title><title>Experimental parasitology</title><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><description>Gómez-Conde, E., Mena-López, R., Hernández-Jaúregui, P., González-Camacho, M., and Arroyo, R. 2000. Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and mitotic spindle during mitosis. Experimental Parasitology96, 130–138. The mitotic phases and the changes that the chromatin and mitotic microtubules undergo during mitosis in the sexually transmitted parasite Trichomonas vaginalis are described. Parasites arrested in the gap 2 phase of the cell cycle by nutrient starvation were induced to mitosis by addition of fresh whole medium. [3H] Thymidine labeling of trichomonad parasites for 24 h showed that parasites have at least four synchronic duplications after mitosis induction. Fixed or live and acridine orange (AO)-stained trichomonads analyzed at different times during mitosis by epifluorescence microscopy showed that mitosis took about 45 min and is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, early and late anaphase, early and late telophase, and cytokinesis. The AO-stained nucleus of live trichomonads showed green (DNA) and orange (RNA) fluorescence, and the nucleic acid nature was confirmed by DNase and RNase treatment, respectively. The chromatin appeared partially condensed during interphase. At metaphase, it appeared as six condensed chromosomes, as recently reported, which decondensed at anaphase and migrated to the nuclear poles at telophase. In addition, small bundles of microtubules (as hemispindles) were detected only in metaphase with the polyclonal antibody anti-Entamoeba histolytica α-tubulin. This antibody showed that the hemispindle and an atractophore-like structure seem to duplicate and polarize during metaphase. In conclusion, T. vaginalis mitosis involves five mitotic phases in which the chromatin undergoes different degrees of condensation, from chromosomes to decondensed chromatin, and two hemispindles that are observed only in the metaphase stage.</description><subject>Acridine Orange</subject><subject>acridine orange (AO)</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>chromatin</subject><subject>Chromatin - physiology</subject><subject>Chromatin - ultrastructure</subject><subject>chromosomes</subject><subject>deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)</subject><subject>deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)</subject><subject>DNA, Protozoan - analysis</subject><subject>Entamoeba histolytica</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect</subject><subject>Fluorescent Dyes</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gap 2 (G2)</subject><subject>heat-inactivated horse serum (HIHS)</subject><subject>hemispindles, chromosomal fibers</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis</subject><subject>metaphase</subject><subject>Microscopy, Fluorescence</subject><subject>microtubule organizer centers (MTOCs) or atractophores</subject><subject>Mitosis</subject><subject>phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)</subject><subject>polyclonal antibody (pAb)</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>ribonuclease (RNase)</subject><subject>ribonucleic acid (RNA)</subject><subject>RNA, Protozoan - analysis</subject><subject>Spindle Apparatus - physiology</subject><subject>Spindle Apparatus - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Thymidine</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Trichomonas vaginalis</subject><subject>Trichomonas vaginalis - cytology</subject><subject>Trichomonas vaginalis - ultrastructure</subject><subject>trypticase–yeast extract (TYI-S-33)</subject><issn>0014-4894</issn><issn>1090-2449</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10M9LwzAUwPEgipvTq0cpCN4685q0TbzJ8BdMPDjPIX1Nt0ibzqQb-t_buqEnT4HweS_hS8g50ClQml2bz7WfJpTSKU9TOCBjoJLGCefykIwpBR5zIfmInITw3isBCT8mIwDIEpaxMZktvMVV27ROh2irl9bp2oabaLbybaM76yLtyujZdm1nMXpdW1fWJio33rrlz3Ww4ZQcVboO5mx_Tsjb_d1i9hjPXx6eZrfzGJmUXVzlwlSJ0IIDK6RkUDEpsIBUa8SKF8BZkmIqaCFZWaYCMMtRpEmCKDmCZhNytdu79u3HxoRONTagqWvtTLsJCnJB85yLHk53EH0bgjeVWnvbaP-lgKohmxqyqSGbGrL1Axf7zZuiMeUf33fqweUe6IC6rrx2aMOvE1kus-FdsVOmr7C1xquA1jg0pfUGO1W29r8ffAPZ6Iho</recordid><startdate>20001101</startdate><enddate>20001101</enddate><creator>Gómez-Conde, Eduardo</creator><creator>Mena-López, Raul</creator><creator>Hernndez-Jaúregui, Pablo</creator><creator>González-Camacho, Mónica</creator><creator>Arroyo, Rossana</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20001101</creationdate><title>Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and Mitotic Spindle during Mitosis</title><author>Gómez-Conde, Eduardo ; Mena-López, Raul ; Hernndez-Jaúregui, Pablo ; González-Camacho, Mónica ; Arroyo, Rossana</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-f78ef28a8413b9931f398cb15aaccf4b14325c580b93dd581c67c8522cc94c1a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Acridine Orange</topic><topic>acridine orange (AO)</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>chromatin</topic><topic>Chromatin - physiology</topic><topic>Chromatin - ultrastructure</topic><topic>chromosomes</topic><topic>deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)</topic><topic>deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)</topic><topic>DNA, Protozoan - analysis</topic><topic>Entamoeba histolytica</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect</topic><topic>Fluorescent Dyes</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>gap 2 (G2)</topic><topic>heat-inactivated horse serum (HIHS)</topic><topic>hemispindles, chromosomal fibers</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis</topic><topic>metaphase</topic><topic>Microscopy, Fluorescence</topic><topic>microtubule organizer centers (MTOCs) or atractophores</topic><topic>Mitosis</topic><topic>phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)</topic><topic>polyclonal antibody (pAb)</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>ribonuclease (RNase)</topic><topic>ribonucleic acid (RNA)</topic><topic>RNA, Protozoan - analysis</topic><topic>Spindle Apparatus - physiology</topic><topic>Spindle Apparatus - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Thymidine</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Trichomonas vaginalis</topic><topic>Trichomonas vaginalis - cytology</topic><topic>Trichomonas vaginalis - ultrastructure</topic><topic>trypticase–yeast extract (TYI-S-33)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gómez-Conde, Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mena-López, Raul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernndez-Jaúregui, Pablo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Camacho, Mónica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arroyo, Rossana</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gómez-Conde, Eduardo</au><au>Mena-López, Raul</au><au>Hernndez-Jaúregui, Pablo</au><au>González-Camacho, Mónica</au><au>Arroyo, Rossana</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and Mitotic Spindle during Mitosis</atitle><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><date>2000-11-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>130</spage><epage>138</epage><pages>130-138</pages><issn>0014-4894</issn><eissn>1090-2449</eissn><coden>EXPAAA</coden><abstract>Gómez-Conde, E., Mena-López, R., Hernández-Jaúregui, P., González-Camacho, M., and Arroyo, R. 2000. Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and mitotic spindle during mitosis. Experimental Parasitology96, 130–138. The mitotic phases and the changes that the chromatin and mitotic microtubules undergo during mitosis in the sexually transmitted parasite Trichomonas vaginalis are described. Parasites arrested in the gap 2 phase of the cell cycle by nutrient starvation were induced to mitosis by addition of fresh whole medium. [3H] Thymidine labeling of trichomonad parasites for 24 h showed that parasites have at least four synchronic duplications after mitosis induction. Fixed or live and acridine orange (AO)-stained trichomonads analyzed at different times during mitosis by epifluorescence microscopy showed that mitosis took about 45 min and is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, early and late anaphase, early and late telophase, and cytokinesis. The AO-stained nucleus of live trichomonads showed green (DNA) and orange (RNA) fluorescence, and the nucleic acid nature was confirmed by DNase and RNase treatment, respectively. The chromatin appeared partially condensed during interphase. At metaphase, it appeared as six condensed chromosomes, as recently reported, which decondensed at anaphase and migrated to the nuclear poles at telophase. In addition, small bundles of microtubules (as hemispindles) were detected only in metaphase with the polyclonal antibody anti-Entamoeba histolytica α-tubulin. This antibody showed that the hemispindle and an atractophore-like structure seem to duplicate and polarize during metaphase. In conclusion, T. vaginalis mitosis involves five mitotic phases in which the chromatin undergoes different degrees of condensation, from chromosomes to decondensed chromatin, and two hemispindles that are observed only in the metaphase stage.</abstract><cop>San Diego, CA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>11162363</pmid><doi>10.1006/expr.2000.4551</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acridine Orange acridine orange (AO) Animals Biological and medical sciences chromatin Chromatin - physiology Chromatin - ultrastructure chromosomes deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) DNA, Protozoan - analysis Entamoeba histolytica Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect Fluorescent Dyes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gap 2 (G2) heat-inactivated horse serum (HIHS) hemispindles, chromosomal fibers Humans Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis metaphase Microscopy, Fluorescence microtubule organizer centers (MTOCs) or atractophores Mitosis phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) polyclonal antibody (pAb) Protozoa ribonuclease (RNase) ribonucleic acid (RNA) RNA, Protozoan - analysis Spindle Apparatus - physiology Spindle Apparatus - ultrastructure Thymidine Time Factors Trichomonas vaginalis Trichomonas vaginalis - cytology Trichomonas vaginalis - ultrastructure trypticase–yeast extract (TYI-S-33) |
| title | Trichomonas vaginalis: Chromatin and Mitotic Spindle during Mitosis |
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