High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population
Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), the presence of low hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels in patients without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), has significant implications for understanding the natural history of hepatitis B infection. We determined the preval...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of medical virology 2016-04, Vol.88 (4), p.674-680 |
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| creator | Apica, Betty S. Seremba, Emmanuel Rule, Jody Yuan, He-Jun Lee, William M. |
| description | Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), the presence of low hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels in patients without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), has significant implications for understanding the natural history of hepatitis B infection. We determined the prevalence of OBI in African patients using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and describe here the characteristics of OBI in an urban African hospital population. Routine serological testing as well as molecular studies were performed on sera from 314 patients who were part of a previous study from an urban hospital emergency room in Kampala, Uganda, detecting HBV DNA using a nested PCR with amplification of two regions of the HBV genome. HBV viral loads (VL) were determined by real‐time PCR (rtPCR) and sequencing performed to determine HBV genotype and S gene mutations. Among 314 subjects tested, 50 (16%) had chronic HBV infection, 94 (30%) had detectable HBV DNA despite testing HBsAg negative (OBI), and 170 (54%) were not infected. VLs of OBI subjects were relatively low although 19 (20%) had VL exceeding 104 IU ml−. Subjects with chronic HBV infection had a higher median VL compared to OBI patients (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jmv.24372 |
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We determined the prevalence of OBI in African patients using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and describe here the characteristics of OBI in an urban African hospital population. Routine serological testing as well as molecular studies were performed on sera from 314 patients who were part of a previous study from an urban hospital emergency room in Kampala, Uganda, detecting HBV DNA using a nested PCR with amplification of two regions of the HBV genome. HBV viral loads (VL) were determined by real‐time PCR (rtPCR) and sequencing performed to determine HBV genotype and S gene mutations. Among 314 subjects tested, 50 (16%) had chronic HBV infection, 94 (30%) had detectable HBV DNA despite testing HBsAg negative (OBI), and 170 (54%) were not infected. VLs of OBI subjects were relatively low although 19 (20%) had VL exceeding 104 IU ml−. Subjects with chronic HBV infection had a higher median VL compared to OBI patients (P < 0.001). All chronic HBV sequenced (10) and 83/89 OBI sequences were genotype A, the remaining six being genotype D. S‐gene mutations were present in some but not all OBI patients (48%). OBI is more prevalent among African patients than previously thought. This may have implications for clinical management and transfusion‐related HBV transmission. J. Med. Virol. 88:674–680, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0146-6615</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-9071</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24372</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26334654</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; DNA, Viral - blood ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis ; hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B virus - classification ; Hepatitis B virus - genetics ; Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; occult HBV infection ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uganda - epidemiology ; Urban areas ; Urban Population ; Viral Load ; Virology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of medical virology, 2016-04, Vol.88 (4), p.674-680</ispartof><rights>2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><rights>2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4942-84977a575491cc03a6f13c876f97496961cc1f7fba69cdfae4c01f2517198c113</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4942-84977a575491cc03a6f13c876f97496961cc1f7fba69cdfae4c01f2517198c113</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjmv.24372$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjmv.24372$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26334654$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Apica, Betty S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seremba, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rule, Jody</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, He-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, William M.</creatorcontrib><title>High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population</title><title>Journal of medical virology</title><addtitle>J. Med. Virol</addtitle><description>Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), the presence of low hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels in patients without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), has significant implications for understanding the natural history of hepatitis B infection. We determined the prevalence of OBI in African patients using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and describe here the characteristics of OBI in an urban African hospital population. Routine serological testing as well as molecular studies were performed on sera from 314 patients who were part of a previous study from an urban hospital emergency room in Kampala, Uganda, detecting HBV DNA using a nested PCR with amplification of two regions of the HBV genome. HBV viral loads (VL) were determined by real‐time PCR (rtPCR) and sequencing performed to determine HBV genotype and S gene mutations. Among 314 subjects tested, 50 (16%) had chronic HBV infection, 94 (30%) had detectable HBV DNA despite testing HBsAg negative (OBI), and 170 (54%) were not infected. VLs of OBI subjects were relatively low although 19 (20%) had VL exceeding 104 IU ml−. Subjects with chronic HBV infection had a higher median VL compared to OBI patients (P < 0.001). All chronic HBV sequenced (10) and 83/89 OBI sequences were genotype A, the remaining six being genotype D. S‐gene mutations were present in some but not all OBI patients (48%). OBI is more prevalent among African patients than previously thought. This may have implications for clinical management and transfusion‐related HBV transmission. J. Med. Virol. 88:674–680, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>DNA, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>hepatitis B</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus - classification</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>occult HBV infection</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Uganda - epidemiology</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>Urban Population</subject><subject>Viral Load</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0146-6615</issn><issn>1096-9071</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkT1PHDEQhi0EgoNQ8AfQSjShWPD42yWcwkdESIoklJbP2ODL3u5i75Lw7_HlgAIpUgrPWONnHsl6EdoDfAQYk-P54vGIMCrJGpoA1qLWWMI6mmBgohYC-BbaznmOMVaakE20RQSlTHA2QdcX8e6-6pN_tI1vna-6UHXOjc1Q3fveDnGIuTqtYhu8G2LXlltl2-okpOhKH9Os1L7rx8Yunz-gjWCb7Hdf-g76cfbp-_Sivvp6fjk9uaod04zUimkpLZecaXAOUysCUKekCFoyLbQoUwgyzKzQ7jZYzxyGQDhI0MoB0B30ceXtU_cw-jyYRczON41tfTdmA1JhDoqB_A9UAOOaa1rQg3fovBtTWz6ypDBX5SyFhyvKpS7n5IPpU1zY9GQAm2UepuRh_uZR2P0X4zhb-Ns38jWAAhyvgN-x8U__NpnPX36-KuvVRsyD__O2YdMvIySV3Nxcnxuq6DeizoS5oc8jpqDU</recordid><startdate>201604</startdate><enddate>201604</enddate><creator>Apica, Betty S.</creator><creator>Seremba, Emmanuel</creator><creator>Rule, Jody</creator><creator>Yuan, He-Jun</creator><creator>Lee, William M.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201604</creationdate><title>High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population</title><author>Apica, Betty S. ; Seremba, Emmanuel ; Rule, Jody ; Yuan, He-Jun ; Lee, William M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4942-84977a575491cc03a6f13c876f97496961cc1f7fba69cdfae4c01f2517198c113</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>DNA, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>hepatitis B</topic><topic>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood</topic><topic>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - genetics</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus - classification</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus - genetics</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>occult HBV infection</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Uganda - epidemiology</topic><topic>Urban areas</topic><topic>Urban Population</topic><topic>Viral Load</topic><topic>Virology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Apica, Betty S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seremba, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rule, Jody</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, He-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, William M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of medical virology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Apica, Betty S.</au><au>Seremba, Emmanuel</au><au>Rule, Jody</au><au>Yuan, He-Jun</au><au>Lee, William M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population</atitle><jtitle>Journal of medical virology</jtitle><addtitle>J. Med. Virol</addtitle><date>2016-04</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>88</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>674</spage><epage>680</epage><pages>674-680</pages><issn>0146-6615</issn><eissn>1096-9071</eissn><abstract>Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), the presence of low hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels in patients without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), has significant implications for understanding the natural history of hepatitis B infection. We determined the prevalence of OBI in African patients using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and describe here the characteristics of OBI in an urban African hospital population. Routine serological testing as well as molecular studies were performed on sera from 314 patients who were part of a previous study from an urban hospital emergency room in Kampala, Uganda, detecting HBV DNA using a nested PCR with amplification of two regions of the HBV genome. HBV viral loads (VL) were determined by real‐time PCR (rtPCR) and sequencing performed to determine HBV genotype and S gene mutations. Among 314 subjects tested, 50 (16%) had chronic HBV infection, 94 (30%) had detectable HBV DNA despite testing HBsAg negative (OBI), and 170 (54%) were not infected. VLs of OBI subjects were relatively low although 19 (20%) had VL exceeding 104 IU ml−. Subjects with chronic HBV infection had a higher median VL compared to OBI patients (P < 0.001). All chronic HBV sequenced (10) and 83/89 OBI sequences were genotype A, the remaining six being genotype D. S‐gene mutations were present in some but not all OBI patients (48%). OBI is more prevalent among African patients than previously thought. This may have implications for clinical management and transfusion‐related HBV transmission. J. Med. Virol. 88:674–680, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>26334654</pmid><doi>10.1002/jmv.24372</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over DNA, Viral - blood Epidemiology Female Genotype Hepatitis hepatitis B Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - genetics Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus - classification Hepatitis B virus - genetics Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology Humans Male Middle Aged Mutation occult HBV infection Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Uganda - epidemiology Urban areas Urban Population Viral Load Virology Young Adult |
| title | High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population |
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