Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in American Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses, which have minimal contact with livestock and humans, is not currently known. We report the findings of a study on Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in 34 Mustangs and 50 Chincoteague ponies in the USA. Fecal samples were screened...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Experimental parasitology 2016-03, Vol.162, p.24-27 |
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| creator | Wagnerová, Pavla Sak, Bohumil McEvoy, John Rost, Michael Sherwood, Dawn Holcomb, Kevin Kváč, Martin |
| description | The prevalence of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses, which have minimal contact with livestock and humans, is not currently known. We report the findings of a study on Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in 34 Mustangs and 50 Chincoteague ponies in the USA. Fecal samples were screened for presence of Cryptosporidium spp. by analysis of the small-subunit rRNA (SSU) and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. by analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were detected in 28/84 (33.3%) and 7/84 (8.3%) samples, respectively. Sequence analysis of SSU and ITS revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 20) and E. bieneusi genotype horse 1 (n = 7), respectively. Subtyping of C. parvum isolates at the gp60 locus showed the presence of subtype IIaA17G2R1 in Mustangs and subtypes IIaA13G2R1 and IIaA15G2R1 in Chincoteague ponies. Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype horse 1 was detected in Mustangs (n = 2) and Chincoteague ponies (n = 5). No Cryptosporidium or E. bieneusi positive animals had diarrhea. The finding that Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies are host to the zoonotic pathogen C. parvum suggests that their infrequent contact with humans and livestock is sufficient to maintain transmission; however, we should also consider the possibility that C. parvum is an established parasite of Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies that persists in these animals independently of contact with humans or livestock.
[Display omitted]
•Burden of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses was determined by PCR.•Feral horses host the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum.•Feral horses host horse-specific E. bieneusi genotype horse 1.•These species from feral horses also are found in horses managed closely by humans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.12.004 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Burden of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses was determined by PCR.•Feral horses host the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum.•Feral horses host horse-specific E. bieneusi genotype horse 1.•These species from feral horses also are found in horses managed closely by humans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0014-4894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2449</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.12.004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26688100</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology ; Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology ; Cryptosporidiosis - transmission ; Cryptosporidium ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; Cryptosporidium parvum - classification ; Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics ; Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry ; Encephalitozoon ; Enterocytozoon - classification ; Enterocytozoon - genetics ; Enterocytozoon - isolation & purification ; Enterocytozoon bieneusi ; Feces - parasitology ; Feral horses ; Genotype ; Glycoproteins - genetics ; gp60 ; Horse Diseases - epidemiology ; Horse Diseases - parasitology ; Horses ; Humans ; ITS ; Microsporidia ; Microsporidiosis - epidemiology ; Microsporidiosis - parasitology ; Microsporidiosis - veterinary ; Phylogeny ; Prevalence ; RNA, Ribosomal - genetics ; SSU ; United States - epidemiology ; Zoonoses - parasitology ; Zoonoses - transmission</subject><ispartof>Experimental parasitology, 2016-03, Vol.162, p.24-27</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-16a524956a9dd9ef27e7d61688950cce7d55dae3fb5c32085213656a532a97103</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-16a524956a9dd9ef27e7d61688950cce7d55dae3fb5c32085213656a532a97103</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2015.12.004$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26688100$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wagnerová, Pavla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sak, Bohumil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McEvoy, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rost, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sherwood, Dawn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holcomb, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kváč, Martin</creatorcontrib><title>Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in American Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies</title><title>Experimental parasitology</title><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><description>The prevalence of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses, which have minimal contact with livestock and humans, is not currently known. We report the findings of a study on Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in 34 Mustangs and 50 Chincoteague ponies in the USA. Fecal samples were screened for presence of Cryptosporidium spp. by analysis of the small-subunit rRNA (SSU) and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. by analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were detected in 28/84 (33.3%) and 7/84 (8.3%) samples, respectively. Sequence analysis of SSU and ITS revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 20) and E. bieneusi genotype horse 1 (n = 7), respectively. Subtyping of C. parvum isolates at the gp60 locus showed the presence of subtype IIaA17G2R1 in Mustangs and subtypes IIaA13G2R1 and IIaA15G2R1 in Chincoteague ponies. Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype horse 1 was detected in Mustangs (n = 2) and Chincoteague ponies (n = 5). No Cryptosporidium or E. bieneusi positive animals had diarrhea. The finding that Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies are host to the zoonotic pathogen C. parvum suggests that their infrequent contact with humans and livestock is sufficient to maintain transmission; however, we should also consider the possibility that C. parvum is an established parasite of Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies that persists in these animals independently of contact with humans or livestock.
[Display omitted]
•Burden of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses was determined by PCR.•Feral horses host the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum.•Feral horses host horse-specific E. bieneusi genotype horse 1.•These species from feral horses also are found in horses managed closely by humans.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Wild</subject><subject>Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Cryptosporidiosis - transmission</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum - classification</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification</subject><subject>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry</subject><subject>Encephalitozoon</subject><subject>Enterocytozoon - classification</subject><subject>Enterocytozoon - genetics</subject><subject>Enterocytozoon - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</subject><subject>Feces - parasitology</subject><subject>Feral horses</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Glycoproteins - genetics</subject><subject>gp60</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>ITS</subject><subject>Microsporidia</subject><subject>Microsporidiosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Microsporidiosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Microsporidiosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal - genetics</subject><subject>SSU</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Zoonoses - parasitology</subject><subject>Zoonoses - transmission</subject><issn>0014-4894</issn><issn>1090-2449</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFv1DAQhS1ERZfCTwDlyCVhxrGT-ISqVVuQiriUs-W1Z4tXGzvYScXy6_GyC1c4jUb63pvRe4y9QWgQsHu_a-jHNJlkGg4oG-QNgHjGVggKai6Ees5WAChqMShxyV7mvAOAAbl4wS551w0DAqyYXqfDNMc8xeSdX8aqWD6VYYKrbsJMKdrDHH_GGKqNp0BL9pUP1fVIyVsTqs9Lnk14zL8F628-2DiTeVyommLwlF-xi63ZZ3p9nlfs6-3Nw_pjff_l7tP6-r62Qsi5xs5ILpTsjHJO0Zb31LsOy5dKgrVlkdIZarcbaVsOg-TYdoWWLTeqR2iv2LuT75Ti94XyrEefLe33JlBcssa-b4cWhcT_QLseetUOR1d5Qm2KOSfa6in50aSDRtDHGvROn2vQxxo0cl1qKLq35xPLZiT3V_Un9wJ8OAFUMnnylHS2JV5Lzieys3bR_-PEL6RTnB8</recordid><startdate>201603</startdate><enddate>201603</enddate><creator>Wagnerová, Pavla</creator><creator>Sak, Bohumil</creator><creator>McEvoy, John</creator><creator>Rost, Michael</creator><creator>Sherwood, Dawn</creator><creator>Holcomb, Kevin</creator><creator>Kváč, Martin</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>M7N</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201603</creationdate><title>Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in American Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies</title><author>Wagnerová, Pavla ; Sak, Bohumil ; McEvoy, John ; Rost, Michael ; Sherwood, Dawn ; Holcomb, Kevin ; Kváč, Martin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-16a524956a9dd9ef27e7d61688950cce7d55dae3fb5c32085213656a532a97103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Wild</topic><topic>Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology</topic><topic>Cryptosporidiosis - transmission</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium parvum</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium parvum - classification</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification</topic><topic>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry</topic><topic>Encephalitozoon</topic><topic>Enterocytozoon - classification</topic><topic>Enterocytozoon - genetics</topic><topic>Enterocytozoon - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</topic><topic>Feces - parasitology</topic><topic>Feral horses</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Glycoproteins - genetics</topic><topic>gp60</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Horses</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>ITS</topic><topic>Microsporidia</topic><topic>Microsporidiosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Microsporidiosis - parasitology</topic><topic>Microsporidiosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>RNA, Ribosomal - genetics</topic><topic>SSU</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Zoonoses - parasitology</topic><topic>Zoonoses - transmission</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wagnerová, Pavla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sak, Bohumil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McEvoy, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rost, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sherwood, Dawn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holcomb, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kváč, Martin</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wagnerová, Pavla</au><au>Sak, Bohumil</au><au>McEvoy, John</au><au>Rost, Michael</au><au>Sherwood, Dawn</au><au>Holcomb, Kevin</au><au>Kváč, Martin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in American Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies</atitle><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><date>2016-03</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>162</volume><spage>24</spage><epage>27</epage><pages>24-27</pages><issn>0014-4894</issn><eissn>1090-2449</eissn><abstract>The prevalence of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses, which have minimal contact with livestock and humans, is not currently known. We report the findings of a study on Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in 34 Mustangs and 50 Chincoteague ponies in the USA. Fecal samples were screened for presence of Cryptosporidium spp. by analysis of the small-subunit rRNA (SSU) and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. by analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were detected in 28/84 (33.3%) and 7/84 (8.3%) samples, respectively. Sequence analysis of SSU and ITS revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 20) and E. bieneusi genotype horse 1 (n = 7), respectively. Subtyping of C. parvum isolates at the gp60 locus showed the presence of subtype IIaA17G2R1 in Mustangs and subtypes IIaA13G2R1 and IIaA15G2R1 in Chincoteague ponies. Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype horse 1 was detected in Mustangs (n = 2) and Chincoteague ponies (n = 5). No Cryptosporidium or E. bieneusi positive animals had diarrhea. The finding that Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies are host to the zoonotic pathogen C. parvum suggests that their infrequent contact with humans and livestock is sufficient to maintain transmission; however, we should also consider the possibility that C. parvum is an established parasite of Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies that persists in these animals independently of contact with humans or livestock.
[Display omitted]
•Burden of Cryptosporidium and microsporidia in feral horses was determined by PCR.•Feral horses host the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum.•Feral horses host horse-specific E. bieneusi genotype horse 1.•These species from feral horses also are found in horses managed closely by humans.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>26688100</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.exppara.2015.12.004</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Animals, Wild Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology Cryptosporidiosis - transmission Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidium parvum - classification Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry Encephalitozoon Enterocytozoon - classification Enterocytozoon - genetics Enterocytozoon - isolation & purification Enterocytozoon bieneusi Feces - parasitology Feral horses Genotype Glycoproteins - genetics gp60 Horse Diseases - epidemiology Horse Diseases - parasitology Horses Humans ITS Microsporidia Microsporidiosis - epidemiology Microsporidiosis - parasitology Microsporidiosis - veterinary Phylogeny Prevalence RNA, Ribosomal - genetics SSU United States - epidemiology Zoonoses - parasitology Zoonoses - transmission |
| title | Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in American Mustangs and Chincoteague ponies |
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