Pulmonary Effects Induced by Ultrafine PTFE Particles
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes consisting of large numbers of ultrafine (uf) particles and low concentrations of gas-phase compounds can cause severe acute lung injury. Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acut...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2000-11, Vol.168 (3), p.208-215 |
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| creator | Johnston, Carl J. Finkelstein, Jacob N. Mercer, Pamela Corson, Nancy Gelein, Robert Oberdörster, Günter |
| description | PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes consisting of large numbers of ultrafine (uf) particles and low concentrations of gas-phase compounds can cause severe acute lung injury. Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acute lung injury, (ii) uf PTFE elicit greater pulmonary effects than larger sized PTFE accumulation mode particles, and (iii) preexposure to the uf PTFE fume particles will induce tolerance. We used uf Teflon (PTFE) fumes (count median particle size ∼ 16 nm) generated by heating PTFE in a tube furnace to 486°C to evaluate principles of ultrafine particle toxicity. Teflon fumes at ultrafine particle concentrations of 50 μg/m3 were extremely toxic to rats when inhaled for only 15 min. We found that when generated in argon, the ultrafine Teflon particles alone are not toxic at these exposure conditions; neither were Teflon fume gas-phase constituents when generated in air. Only the combination of both phases when generated in air caused high toxicity, suggesting either the existence of radicals on the surface or a carrier mechanism of the ultrafine particles for adsorbed gas compounds. Aging of the fresh Teflon fumes for 3.5 min led to a predicted coagulation to >100 nm particles which no longer caused toxicity in exposed animals. This result is consistent with a greater toxicity of ultrafine particles compared to accumulation mode particles, although changes in particle surface chemistry during the aging process may have contributed to the diminished toxicity. Furthermore, the pulmonary toxicity of the ultrafine Teflon fumes could be prevented by adapting the animals with short 5-min exposures on 3 days prior to a 15-min exposure. Messages encoding antioxidants and chemokines were increased substantially in nonadapted animals, yet were unaltered in adapted animals. This study shows the importance of preexposure history for the susceptibility to acute ultrafine particle effects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1006/taap.2000.9037 |
| format | Article |
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Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acute lung injury, (ii) uf PTFE elicit greater pulmonary effects than larger sized PTFE accumulation mode particles, and (iii) preexposure to the uf PTFE fume particles will induce tolerance. We used uf Teflon (PTFE) fumes (count median particle size ∼ 16 nm) generated by heating PTFE in a tube furnace to 486°C to evaluate principles of ultrafine particle toxicity. Teflon fumes at ultrafine particle concentrations of 50 μg/m3 were extremely toxic to rats when inhaled for only 15 min. We found that when generated in argon, the ultrafine Teflon particles alone are not toxic at these exposure conditions; neither were Teflon fume gas-phase constituents when generated in air. Only the combination of both phases when generated in air caused high toxicity, suggesting either the existence of radicals on the surface or a carrier mechanism of the ultrafine particles for adsorbed gas compounds. Aging of the fresh Teflon fumes for 3.5 min led to a predicted coagulation to >100 nm particles which no longer caused toxicity in exposed animals. This result is consistent with a greater toxicity of ultrafine particles compared to accumulation mode particles, although changes in particle surface chemistry during the aging process may have contributed to the diminished toxicity. Furthermore, the pulmonary toxicity of the ultrafine Teflon fumes could be prevented by adapting the animals with short 5-min exposures on 3 days prior to a 15-min exposure. Messages encoding antioxidants and chemokines were increased substantially in nonadapted animals, yet were unaltered in adapted animals. 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Toxic occupational diseases ; Fluorides - toxicity ; Gas, fumes ; Lung Diseases - chemically induced ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Neutrophils - drug effects ; Particle Size ; polytetrafluoroethylene ; Polytetrafluoroethylene - administration & dosage ; Polytetrafluoroethylene - toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis ; teflon ; Time Factors ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2000-11, Vol.168 (3), p.208-215</ispartof><rights>2000 Academic Press</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2000 Academic Press.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-c9b28c98433384d55458622dc8f08221b3d5822d60105f6eef1d9bf357ea6a23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-c9b28c98433384d55458622dc8f08221b3d5822d60105f6eef1d9bf357ea6a23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2000.9037$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3552,27931,27932,46002</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=818435$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11042093$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Carl J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finkelstein, Jacob N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mercer, Pamela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corson, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gelein, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oberdörster, Günter</creatorcontrib><title>Pulmonary Effects Induced by Ultrafine PTFE Particles</title><title>Toxicology and applied pharmacology</title><addtitle>Toxicol Appl Pharmacol</addtitle><description>PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes consisting of large numbers of ultrafine (uf) particles and low concentrations of gas-phase compounds can cause severe acute lung injury. Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acute lung injury, (ii) uf PTFE elicit greater pulmonary effects than larger sized PTFE accumulation mode particles, and (iii) preexposure to the uf PTFE fume particles will induce tolerance. We used uf Teflon (PTFE) fumes (count median particle size ∼ 16 nm) generated by heating PTFE in a tube furnace to 486°C to evaluate principles of ultrafine particle toxicity. Teflon fumes at ultrafine particle concentrations of 50 μg/m3 were extremely toxic to rats when inhaled for only 15 min. We found that when generated in argon, the ultrafine Teflon particles alone are not toxic at these exposure conditions; neither were Teflon fume gas-phase constituents when generated in air. Only the combination of both phases when generated in air caused high toxicity, suggesting either the existence of radicals on the surface or a carrier mechanism of the ultrafine particles for adsorbed gas compounds. Aging of the fresh Teflon fumes for 3.5 min led to a predicted coagulation to >100 nm particles which no longer caused toxicity in exposed animals. This result is consistent with a greater toxicity of ultrafine particles compared to accumulation mode particles, although changes in particle surface chemistry during the aging process may have contributed to the diminished toxicity. Furthermore, the pulmonary toxicity of the ultrafine Teflon fumes could be prevented by adapting the animals with short 5-min exposures on 3 days prior to a 15-min exposure. Messages encoding antioxidants and chemokines were increased substantially in nonadapted animals, yet were unaltered in adapted animals. This study shows the importance of preexposure history for the susceptibility to acute ultrafine particle effects.</description><subject>Administration, Inhalation</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bronchoalveolar Lavage</subject><subject>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</subject><subject>Fluorides - toxicity</subject><subject>Gas, fumes</subject><subject>Lung Diseases - chemically induced</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Neutrophils - drug effects</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>polytetrafluoroethylene</subject><subject>Polytetrafluoroethylene - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Polytetrafluoroethylene - toxicity</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Inbred F344</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</subject><subject>teflon</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0041-008X</issn><issn>1096-0333</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE1LAzEQhoMotlavHmVB8LbrJNmP5CilaqFgDxW8hWw-ILLdrcmu0H9vli568jSHeWZ43wehWwwZBigfeykPGQGAjAOtztAcAy9ToJSeozlAjlMA9jFDVyF8RornOb5EM4whJ8DpHBXbodl3rfTHZGWtUX1I1q0elNFJfUzem95L61qTbHfPq2Qrfe9UY8I1urCyCeZmmgsU17vla7p5e1kvnzapopz3qeI1YYqzPMZhuS6KvGAlIVoxC4wQXFNdxKlLwFDY0hiLNa8tLSojS0noAj2c3h589zWY0Iu9C8o0jWxNNwSBq4qSivIIZidQ-S4Eb6w4eLePpQQGMXoSoycxehKjp3hwN30e6r3Rf_gkJgL3EyCDko31slUu_HIMx1JFpNiJMlHCtzNeBOVMG-05H10K3bn_EvwA4OCBNQ</recordid><startdate>20001101</startdate><enddate>20001101</enddate><creator>Johnston, Carl J.</creator><creator>Finkelstein, Jacob N.</creator><creator>Mercer, Pamela</creator><creator>Corson, Nancy</creator><creator>Gelein, Robert</creator><creator>Oberdörster, Günter</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20001101</creationdate><title>Pulmonary Effects Induced by Ultrafine PTFE Particles</title><author>Johnston, Carl J. ; Finkelstein, Jacob N. ; Mercer, Pamela ; Corson, Nancy ; Gelein, Robert ; Oberdörster, Günter</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-c9b28c98433384d55458622dc8f08221b3d5822d60105f6eef1d9bf357ea6a23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Administration, Inhalation</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bronchoalveolar Lavage</topic><topic>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</topic><topic>Fluorides - toxicity</topic><topic>Gas, fumes</topic><topic>Lung Diseases - chemically induced</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Neutrophils - drug effects</topic><topic>Particle Size</topic><topic>polytetrafluoroethylene</topic><topic>Polytetrafluoroethylene - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Polytetrafluoroethylene - toxicity</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Inbred F344</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</topic><topic>teflon</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Carl J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finkelstein, Jacob N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mercer, Pamela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corson, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gelein, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oberdörster, Günter</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Toxicology and applied pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnston, Carl J.</au><au>Finkelstein, Jacob N.</au><au>Mercer, Pamela</au><au>Corson, Nancy</au><au>Gelein, Robert</au><au>Oberdörster, Günter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pulmonary Effects Induced by Ultrafine PTFE Particles</atitle><jtitle>Toxicology and applied pharmacology</jtitle><addtitle>Toxicol Appl Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2000-11-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>168</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>208</spage><epage>215</epage><pages>208-215</pages><issn>0041-008X</issn><eissn>1096-0333</eissn><coden>TXAPA9</coden><abstract>PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes consisting of large numbers of ultrafine (uf) particles and low concentrations of gas-phase compounds can cause severe acute lung injury. Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acute lung injury, (ii) uf PTFE elicit greater pulmonary effects than larger sized PTFE accumulation mode particles, and (iii) preexposure to the uf PTFE fume particles will induce tolerance. We used uf Teflon (PTFE) fumes (count median particle size ∼ 16 nm) generated by heating PTFE in a tube furnace to 486°C to evaluate principles of ultrafine particle toxicity. Teflon fumes at ultrafine particle concentrations of 50 μg/m3 were extremely toxic to rats when inhaled for only 15 min. We found that when generated in argon, the ultrafine Teflon particles alone are not toxic at these exposure conditions; neither were Teflon fume gas-phase constituents when generated in air. Only the combination of both phases when generated in air caused high toxicity, suggesting either the existence of radicals on the surface or a carrier mechanism of the ultrafine particles for adsorbed gas compounds. Aging of the fresh Teflon fumes for 3.5 min led to a predicted coagulation to >100 nm particles which no longer caused toxicity in exposed animals. This result is consistent with a greater toxicity of ultrafine particles compared to accumulation mode particles, although changes in particle surface chemistry during the aging process may have contributed to the diminished toxicity. Furthermore, the pulmonary toxicity of the ultrafine Teflon fumes could be prevented by adapting the animals with short 5-min exposures on 3 days prior to a 15-min exposure. Messages encoding antioxidants and chemokines were increased substantially in nonadapted animals, yet were unaltered in adapted animals. This study shows the importance of preexposure history for the susceptibility to acute ultrafine particle effects.</abstract><cop>San Diego, CA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>11042093</pmid><doi>10.1006/taap.2000.9037</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Administration, Inhalation Animals Biological and medical sciences Bronchoalveolar Lavage Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases Fluorides - toxicity Gas, fumes Lung Diseases - chemically induced Male Medical sciences Neutrophils - drug effects Particle Size polytetrafluoroethylene Polytetrafluoroethylene - administration & dosage Polytetrafluoroethylene - toxicity Rats Rats, Inbred F344 RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis teflon Time Factors Toxicology |
| title | Pulmonary Effects Induced by Ultrafine PTFE Particles |
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