The Characteristic Analysis of a University Building: Dynamics Modelling by Grey Box Approach

The dynamic model for HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning) electricity consumption is estimated for a campus building in Daido University. In order to construct energy management system for a community, buildings play one of the major role to control power balance in the community, because they consume a lot of energy and are a very predictable demand response player due to certain electricity load patterns. Then building dynamic characteristics should be known to control their energy consumption and to estimate the influence of the demand response. In order to observe the feature of the dynamic building energy consumption, electricity consumption data is measured in an autumn-winter period. Analyzing these data, the building characteristics are observed. The analysis concludes (1) the correlation between ambient temperature and HVAC electricity consumption, and (2) that building dynamics consist of a time lag with 1.6 hour time constant. Then the building model is proposed based on the observations and its parameters are estimated. The model agrees with the measurement data with less than 10% error.