Impact of metals in surface matrices from formal and informal electronic-waste recycling around Metro Manila, the Philippines, and intra-Asian comparison
[Display omitted] ► We quantified 11 metals in surface matrices from e-waste recycling sites at the Philippines. ► Dust had statistical higher levels of metal contamination and health risk compared to soil. ► Formal and informal sites had different metal contaminations. ► Intra-Asian comparison prov...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hazardous materials 2012-06, Vol.221-222, p.139-146 |
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| creator | Fujimori, Takashi Takigami, Hidetaka Agusa, Tetsuro Eguchi, Akifumi Bekki, Kanae Yoshida, Aya Terazono, Atsushi Ballesteros, Florencio C. |
| description | [Display omitted]
► We quantified 11 metals in surface matrices from e-waste recycling sites at the Philippines. ► Dust had statistical higher levels of metal contamination and health risk compared to soil. ► Formal and informal sites had different metal contaminations. ► Intra-Asian comparison provided common insight on metal contamination from e-waste recycling.
We report concentrations, enrichment factors, and hazard indicators of 11 metals (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil and dust surface matrices from formal and informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites around Metro Manila, the Philippines, referring to soil guidelines and previous data from various e-waste recycling sites in Asia. Surface dust from e-waste recycling sites had higher levels of metal contamination than surface soil. Comparison of formal and informal e-waste recycling sites (hereafter, “formal” and “informal”) revealed differences in specific contaminants. Formal dust contained a mixture of serious pollutant metals (Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and Cd (polluted modestly), quite high enrichment metals (Ag and In), and crust-derived metals (As, Co, Fe, and Mn). For informal soil, concentration levels of specific metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were similar among Asian recycling sites. Formal dust had significantly higher hazardous risk than the other matrices (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.019 |
| format | Article |
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► We quantified 11 metals in surface matrices from e-waste recycling sites at the Philippines. ► Dust had statistical higher levels of metal contamination and health risk compared to soil. ► Formal and informal sites had different metal contaminations. ► Intra-Asian comparison provided common insight on metal contamination from e-waste recycling.
We report concentrations, enrichment factors, and hazard indicators of 11 metals (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil and dust surface matrices from formal and informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites around Metro Manila, the Philippines, referring to soil guidelines and previous data from various e-waste recycling sites in Asia. Surface dust from e-waste recycling sites had higher levels of metal contamination than surface soil. Comparison of formal and informal e-waste recycling sites (hereafter, “formal” and “informal”) revealed differences in specific contaminants. Formal dust contained a mixture of serious pollutant metals (Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and Cd (polluted modestly), quite high enrichment metals (Ag and In), and crust-derived metals (As, Co, Fe, and Mn). For informal soil, concentration levels of specific metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were similar among Asian recycling sites. Formal dust had significantly higher hazardous risk than the other matrices (p<0.005), excluding informal dust (p=0.059, almost significant difference). Thus, workers exposed to formal dust should protect themselves from hazardous toxic metals (Pb and Cu). There is also a high health risk for children ingesting surface matrices from informal e-waste recycling sites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-3894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.019</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22542777</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>arsenic ; Asia ; cadmium ; children ; cobalt ; Copper ; Dust ; Dust - analysis ; E-waste recycling ; electronic wastes ; Electronics ; Formal ; guidelines ; Heavy metals ; Informal ; iron ; lead ; Lead (metal) ; manganese ; Mathematical analysis ; Matrices ; Matrix methods ; Metals - chemistry ; Metals - toxicity ; nickel ; Philippines ; pollutants ; Quality Control ; Recycling ; risk ; soil ; Soil (material) ; Soil Pollutants - chemistry ; Soil Pollutants - toxicity ; Surface matrices ; Surface Properties ; toxicity ; zinc</subject><ispartof>Journal of hazardous materials, 2012-06, Vol.221-222, p.139-146</ispartof><rights>2012 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-c75e8e20f98f5092249b03256c63a76f08ee52148372c37235d221ef0fa0cbbd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-c75e8e20f98f5092249b03256c63a76f08ee52148372c37235d221ef0fa0cbbd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.019$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22542777$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fujimori, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takigami, Hidetaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agusa, Tetsuro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eguchi, Akifumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bekki, Kanae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshida, Aya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Terazono, Atsushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballesteros, Florencio C.</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of metals in surface matrices from formal and informal electronic-waste recycling around Metro Manila, the Philippines, and intra-Asian comparison</title><title>Journal of hazardous materials</title><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><description>[Display omitted]
► We quantified 11 metals in surface matrices from e-waste recycling sites at the Philippines. ► Dust had statistical higher levels of metal contamination and health risk compared to soil. ► Formal and informal sites had different metal contaminations. ► Intra-Asian comparison provided common insight on metal contamination from e-waste recycling.
We report concentrations, enrichment factors, and hazard indicators of 11 metals (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil and dust surface matrices from formal and informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites around Metro Manila, the Philippines, referring to soil guidelines and previous data from various e-waste recycling sites in Asia. Surface dust from e-waste recycling sites had higher levels of metal contamination than surface soil. Comparison of formal and informal e-waste recycling sites (hereafter, “formal” and “informal”) revealed differences in specific contaminants. Formal dust contained a mixture of serious pollutant metals (Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and Cd (polluted modestly), quite high enrichment metals (Ag and In), and crust-derived metals (As, Co, Fe, and Mn). For informal soil, concentration levels of specific metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were similar among Asian recycling sites. Formal dust had significantly higher hazardous risk than the other matrices (p<0.005), excluding informal dust (p=0.059, almost significant difference). Thus, workers exposed to formal dust should protect themselves from hazardous toxic metals (Pb and Cu). There is also a high health risk for children ingesting surface matrices from informal e-waste recycling sites.</description><subject>arsenic</subject><subject>Asia</subject><subject>cadmium</subject><subject>children</subject><subject>cobalt</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Dust</subject><subject>Dust - analysis</subject><subject>E-waste recycling</subject><subject>electronic wastes</subject><subject>Electronics</subject><subject>Formal</subject><subject>guidelines</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Informal</subject><subject>iron</subject><subject>lead</subject><subject>Lead (metal)</subject><subject>manganese</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Matrices</subject><subject>Matrix methods</subject><subject>Metals - chemistry</subject><subject>Metals - toxicity</subject><subject>nickel</subject><subject>Philippines</subject><subject>pollutants</subject><subject>Quality Control</subject><subject>Recycling</subject><subject>risk</subject><subject>soil</subject><subject>Soil (material)</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - toxicity</subject><subject>Surface matrices</subject><subject>Surface Properties</subject><subject>toxicity</subject><subject>zinc</subject><issn>0304-3894</issn><issn>1873-3336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9u1DAQhyMEokvhEQAfOTRhbMdxckJVxZ9KrUCCni2vM-56ldiL7RSVN-FtcbWBaw-WZfmb34zmq6rXFBoKtHu_b_Y7_XvWuWFAWQNtA3R4Um1oL3nNOe-eVhvg0Na8H9qT6kVKewCgUrTPqxPGRMuklJvqz-V80CaTYMmMWU-JOE_SEq02SEp6dAYTsTHMxIY464loPxZmfeCEJsfgnal_6ZSRRDT3ZnL-lugYloJeY_kn19q7SZ-RvEPybecmdzg4j-lsTctR1-fJaU9MKPNEl4J_WT2zZR58td6n1c2njz8uvtRXXz9fXpxf1UYwmmsjBfbIwA69FTAw1g5b4Ex0puNadhZ6xAK2PZfMlMPFyBhFC1aD2W5Hflq9O-YeYvi5YMpqdsngNGmPYUmKSglsAMH44ygw6NueiqGg4oiaGFKKaNUhulnH-wKpB4Fqr1aB6kGgglYVgaXuzdpi2c44_q_6Z6wAb4-A1UHp27IqdfO9JIgidxBiYIX4cCSwbO3OYVTJOPQGR1fsZDUG98gQfwHMyLnM</recordid><startdate>20120630</startdate><enddate>20120630</enddate><creator>Fujimori, Takashi</creator><creator>Takigami, Hidetaka</creator><creator>Agusa, Tetsuro</creator><creator>Eguchi, Akifumi</creator><creator>Bekki, Kanae</creator><creator>Yoshida, Aya</creator><creator>Terazono, Atsushi</creator><creator>Ballesteros, Florencio C.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120630</creationdate><title>Impact of metals in surface matrices from formal and informal electronic-waste recycling around Metro Manila, the Philippines, and intra-Asian comparison</title><author>Fujimori, Takashi ; 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► We quantified 11 metals in surface matrices from e-waste recycling sites at the Philippines. ► Dust had statistical higher levels of metal contamination and health risk compared to soil. ► Formal and informal sites had different metal contaminations. ► Intra-Asian comparison provided common insight on metal contamination from e-waste recycling.
We report concentrations, enrichment factors, and hazard indicators of 11 metals (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil and dust surface matrices from formal and informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites around Metro Manila, the Philippines, referring to soil guidelines and previous data from various e-waste recycling sites in Asia. Surface dust from e-waste recycling sites had higher levels of metal contamination than surface soil. Comparison of formal and informal e-waste recycling sites (hereafter, “formal” and “informal”) revealed differences in specific contaminants. Formal dust contained a mixture of serious pollutant metals (Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and Cd (polluted modestly), quite high enrichment metals (Ag and In), and crust-derived metals (As, Co, Fe, and Mn). For informal soil, concentration levels of specific metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were similar among Asian recycling sites. Formal dust had significantly higher hazardous risk than the other matrices (p<0.005), excluding informal dust (p=0.059, almost significant difference). Thus, workers exposed to formal dust should protect themselves from hazardous toxic metals (Pb and Cu). There is also a high health risk for children ingesting surface matrices from informal e-waste recycling sites.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>22542777</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.019</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | arsenic Asia cadmium children cobalt Copper Dust Dust - analysis E-waste recycling electronic wastes Electronics Formal guidelines Heavy metals Informal iron lead Lead (metal) manganese Mathematical analysis Matrices Matrix methods Metals - chemistry Metals - toxicity nickel Philippines pollutants Quality Control Recycling risk soil Soil (material) Soil Pollutants - chemistry Soil Pollutants - toxicity Surface matrices Surface Properties toxicity zinc |
| title | Impact of metals in surface matrices from formal and informal electronic-waste recycling around Metro Manila, the Philippines, and intra-Asian comparison |
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