A resistant predator and its toxic prey: Persistence of newt toxin leads to poisonous (not venomous) snakes

The common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) preys upon the rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa), which contains the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX) in the skin. TTX is toxic, large quantities are present in a newt, and highly resistant snakes have the ability to ingest multiple newts; subsequently...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of chemical ecology 2004-10, Vol.30 (10), p.1901-1919
Hauptverfasser: WILLIAMS, Becky L, BRODIE, Edmund D
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container_end_page 1919
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1901
container_title Journal of chemical ecology
container_volume 30
creator WILLIAMS, Becky L
BRODIE, Edmund D
BRODIE, Edmund D
description The common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) preys upon the rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa), which contains the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX) in the skin. TTX is toxic, large quantities are present in a newt, and highly resistant snakes have the ability to ingest multiple newts; subsequently snakes harbor significant amounts of active toxin in their own tissues after consuming a newt. Snakes harbor TTX in the liver for 1 mo or more after consuming just one newt, and at least 7 wk after consuming a diet of newts. Three weeks after eating one newt, snakes contained an average of 42 microg of TTX in the liver. This amount could severely incapacitate or kill avian predators, and mammalian predators may be negatively affected as well.
doi_str_mv 10.1023/b:joec.0000045585.77875.09
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subjects Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Autoecology
Biological and medical sciences
Colubridae
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Liver - drug effects
Liver - metabolism
Neurotoxins
Predators
Predatory Behavior - drug effects
Predatory Behavior - physiology
Reptilia. Amphibia
Salamandridae
Skin - chemistry
Skin - drug effects
Snakes
Taricha granulosa
Tetrodotoxin - chemistry
Tetrodotoxin - toxicity
Thamnophis sirtalis
Time Factors
Toxins
Vertebrata
title A resistant predator and its toxic prey: Persistence of newt toxin leads to poisonous (not venomous) snakes
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