Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Poor delivery and systemic toxicity of many cytotoxic agents, such as the recent promising combination chemotherapy regimen of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), restrict their full utility in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Local delivery of chemo...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2016-02, Vol.113 (8), p.2200-2205
Hauptverfasser: Byrne, James D., Jajja, Mohammad R. N., Schorzman, Allison N., Keeler, Amanda W., Luft, J. Christopher, Zamboni, William C., DeSimone, Joseph M., Yeh, Jen Jen
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 2205
container_issue 8
container_start_page 2200
container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
container_volume 113
creator Byrne, James D.
Jajja, Mohammad R. N.
Schorzman, Allison N.
Keeler, Amanda W.
Luft, J. Christopher
Zamboni, William C.
DeSimone, Joseph M.
Yeh, Jen Jen
description Poor delivery and systemic toxicity of many cytotoxic agents, such as the recent promising combination chemotherapy regimen of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), restrict their full utility in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Local delivery of chemotherapies has become possible using iontophoretic devices that are implanted directly onto pancreatic tumors. We have fabricated implantable iontophoretic devices and tested the local iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model. Iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX was found to increase tumor exposure by almost an order of magnitude compared with i.v. delivery with substantially lower plasma concentrations. Mice treated for 7 wk with device FOLFIRINOX experienced significantly greater tumor growth inhibition compared with i.v. FOLFIRINOX. A marker of cell proliferation, K i-67, was stained, showing a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation. These data capitalize on the unique ability of an implantable iontophoretic device to deliver much higher concentrations of drug to the tumor compared with i.v. delivery. Local iontophoretic delivery of cytotoxic agents should be considered for the treatment of patients with unresectable nonmetastatic disease and for patients with the need for palliation of local symptoms, and may be considered as a neoadjuvant approach to improve resection rates and outcome in patients with localized and locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
doi_str_mv 10.1073/pnas.1600421113
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1768166134</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>26467830</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>26467830</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c466t-4c7e949730c8fe4fb1b736bad663470c5e4e59eaa69507eec78f457e5cafc4623</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkc-L1DAUx4Mo7rh69qQUvHjp7kuTJulFkMUfCwte9Cghk746GdqkJunA-tebMus4enqEfL4f3uNLyEsKVxQku569SVdUAPCGUsoekQ2FjtaCd_CYbAAaWSve8AvyLKU9AHStgqfkohGqVZyrDfl-G3wO8y5EzM5WPR6cxTJGd8B4Xw0hVnmH1RisGd0v7Ksc0eQJfa7CUM3G2_W9JhebzViZHn1ho3U-TOY5eTKYMeGLh3lJvn388PXmc3335dPtzfu72nIhcs2txI53koFVA_JhS7eSia3phWBcgm2RY9uhMaJrQSJaqQbeSmytGYqhYZfk3dE7L9sJe1vWi2bUc3STifc6GKf__fFup3-Eg-ZSCt7yInj7IIjh54Ip68kli-NoPIYlaSqFokJQtqJv_kP3YYm-nFco2fCWld0LdX2kbAwpRRxOy1DQa3V6rU7_ra4kXp_fcOL_dHUGrMmTjjKtdNMAFODVEdinHOKZgAupGLDf0TKq6w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1772453736</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</title><source>Jstor Complete Legacy</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Byrne, James D. ; Jajja, Mohammad R. N. ; Schorzman, Allison N. ; Keeler, Amanda W. ; Luft, J. Christopher ; Zamboni, William C. ; DeSimone, Joseph M. ; Yeh, Jen Jen</creator><creatorcontrib>Byrne, James D. ; Jajja, Mohammad R. N. ; Schorzman, Allison N. ; Keeler, Amanda W. ; Luft, J. Christopher ; Zamboni, William C. ; DeSimone, Joseph M. ; Yeh, Jen Jen</creatorcontrib><description>Poor delivery and systemic toxicity of many cytotoxic agents, such as the recent promising combination chemotherapy regimen of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), restrict their full utility in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Local delivery of chemotherapies has become possible using iontophoretic devices that are implanted directly onto pancreatic tumors. We have fabricated implantable iontophoretic devices and tested the local iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model. Iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX was found to increase tumor exposure by almost an order of magnitude compared with i.v. delivery with substantially lower plasma concentrations. Mice treated for 7 wk with device FOLFIRINOX experienced significantly greater tumor growth inhibition compared with i.v. FOLFIRINOX. A marker of cell proliferation, K i-67, was stained, showing a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation. These data capitalize on the unique ability of an implantable iontophoretic device to deliver much higher concentrations of drug to the tumor compared with i.v. delivery. Local iontophoretic delivery of cytotoxic agents should be considered for the treatment of patients with unresectable nonmetastatic disease and for patients with the need for palliation of local symptoms, and may be considered as a neoadjuvant approach to improve resection rates and outcome in patients with localized and locally advanced pancreatic cancer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600421113</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26858448</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Animals ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacokinetics ; Biological Sciences ; Camptothecin - administration & dosage ; Camptothecin - analogs & derivatives ; Camptothecin - pharmacokinetics ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - metabolism ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - pathology ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Chemotherapy ; Cytotoxicity ; Fluorouracil - administration & dosage ; Fluorouracil - pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Infusion Pumps, Implantable ; Ions ; Iontophoresis - instrumentation ; Leucovorin - administration & dosage ; Leucovorin - pharmacokinetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Organoplatinum Compounds - administration & dosage ; Organoplatinum Compounds - pharmacokinetics ; Pancreatic cancer ; Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology ; Rodents ; Toxicity ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays]]></subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2016-02, Vol.113 (8), p.2200-2205</ispartof><rights>Volumes 1–89 and 106–113, copyright as a collective work only; author(s) retains copyright to individual articles</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Feb 23, 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c466t-4c7e949730c8fe4fb1b736bad663470c5e4e59eaa69507eec78f457e5cafc4623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c466t-4c7e949730c8fe4fb1b736bad663470c5e4e59eaa69507eec78f457e5cafc4623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/113/8.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26467830$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26467830$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858448$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Byrne, James D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jajja, Mohammad R. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schorzman, Allison N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keeler, Amanda W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luft, J. Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamboni, William C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DeSimone, Joseph M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeh, Jen Jen</creatorcontrib><title>Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Poor delivery and systemic toxicity of many cytotoxic agents, such as the recent promising combination chemotherapy regimen of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), restrict their full utility in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Local delivery of chemotherapies has become possible using iontophoretic devices that are implanted directly onto pancreatic tumors. We have fabricated implantable iontophoretic devices and tested the local iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model. Iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX was found to increase tumor exposure by almost an order of magnitude compared with i.v. delivery with substantially lower plasma concentrations. Mice treated for 7 wk with device FOLFIRINOX experienced significantly greater tumor growth inhibition compared with i.v. FOLFIRINOX. A marker of cell proliferation, K i-67, was stained, showing a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation. These data capitalize on the unique ability of an implantable iontophoretic device to deliver much higher concentrations of drug to the tumor compared with i.v. delivery. Local iontophoretic delivery of cytotoxic agents should be considered for the treatment of patients with unresectable nonmetastatic disease and for patients with the need for palliation of local symptoms, and may be considered as a neoadjuvant approach to improve resection rates and outcome in patients with localized and locally advanced pancreatic cancer.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Camptothecin - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Camptothecin - analogs &amp; derivatives</subject><subject>Camptothecin - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - metabolism</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - pathology</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</subject><subject>Chemotherapy</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Fluorouracil - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Fluorouracil - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infusion Pumps, Implantable</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Iontophoresis - instrumentation</subject><subject>Leucovorin - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Leucovorin - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Nude</subject><subject>Organoplatinum Compounds - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Organoplatinum Compounds - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Pancreatic cancer</subject><subject>Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy</subject><subject>Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc-L1DAUx4Mo7rh69qQUvHjp7kuTJulFkMUfCwte9Cghk746GdqkJunA-tebMus4enqEfL4f3uNLyEsKVxQku569SVdUAPCGUsoekQ2FjtaCd_CYbAAaWSve8AvyLKU9AHStgqfkohGqVZyrDfl-G3wO8y5EzM5WPR6cxTJGd8B4Xw0hVnmH1RisGd0v7Ksc0eQJfa7CUM3G2_W9JhebzViZHn1ho3U-TOY5eTKYMeGLh3lJvn388PXmc3335dPtzfu72nIhcs2txI53koFVA_JhS7eSia3phWBcgm2RY9uhMaJrQSJaqQbeSmytGYqhYZfk3dE7L9sJe1vWi2bUc3STifc6GKf__fFup3-Eg-ZSCt7yInj7IIjh54Ip68kli-NoPIYlaSqFokJQtqJv_kP3YYm-nFco2fCWld0LdX2kbAwpRRxOy1DQa3V6rU7_ra4kXp_fcOL_dHUGrMmTjjKtdNMAFODVEdinHOKZgAupGLDf0TKq6w</recordid><startdate>20160223</startdate><enddate>20160223</enddate><creator>Byrne, James D.</creator><creator>Jajja, Mohammad R. N.</creator><creator>Schorzman, Allison N.</creator><creator>Keeler, Amanda W.</creator><creator>Luft, J. Christopher</creator><creator>Zamboni, William C.</creator><creator>DeSimone, Joseph M.</creator><creator>Yeh, Jen Jen</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160223</creationdate><title>Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</title><author>Byrne, James D. ; Jajja, Mohammad R. N. ; Schorzman, Allison N. ; Keeler, Amanda W. ; Luft, J. Christopher ; Zamboni, William C. ; DeSimone, Joseph M. ; Yeh, Jen Jen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c466t-4c7e949730c8fe4fb1b736bad663470c5e4e59eaa69507eec78f457e5cafc4623</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Biological Sciences</topic><topic>Camptothecin - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Camptothecin - analogs &amp; derivatives</topic><topic>Camptothecin - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - drug therapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - metabolism</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - pathology</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</topic><topic>Chemotherapy</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Fluorouracil - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Fluorouracil - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infusion Pumps, Implantable</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Iontophoresis - instrumentation</topic><topic>Leucovorin - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Leucovorin - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Nude</topic><topic>Organoplatinum Compounds - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Organoplatinum Compounds - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Pancreatic cancer</topic><topic>Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy</topic><topic>Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Byrne, James D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jajja, Mohammad R. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schorzman, Allison N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keeler, Amanda W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luft, J. Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamboni, William C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DeSimone, Joseph M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeh, Jen Jen</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Byrne, James D.</au><au>Jajja, Mohammad R. N.</au><au>Schorzman, Allison N.</au><au>Keeler, Amanda W.</au><au>Luft, J. Christopher</au><au>Zamboni, William C.</au><au>DeSimone, Joseph M.</au><au>Yeh, Jen Jen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2016-02-23</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>113</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>2200</spage><epage>2205</epage><pages>2200-2205</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Poor delivery and systemic toxicity of many cytotoxic agents, such as the recent promising combination chemotherapy regimen of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), restrict their full utility in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Local delivery of chemotherapies has become possible using iontophoretic devices that are implanted directly onto pancreatic tumors. We have fabricated implantable iontophoretic devices and tested the local iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model. Iontophoretic delivery of FOLFIRINOX was found to increase tumor exposure by almost an order of magnitude compared with i.v. delivery with substantially lower plasma concentrations. Mice treated for 7 wk with device FOLFIRINOX experienced significantly greater tumor growth inhibition compared with i.v. FOLFIRINOX. A marker of cell proliferation, K i-67, was stained, showing a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation. These data capitalize on the unique ability of an implantable iontophoretic device to deliver much higher concentrations of drug to the tumor compared with i.v. delivery. Local iontophoretic delivery of cytotoxic agents should be considered for the treatment of patients with unresectable nonmetastatic disease and for patients with the need for palliation of local symptoms, and may be considered as a neoadjuvant approach to improve resection rates and outcome in patients with localized and locally advanced pancreatic cancer.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>26858448</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.1600421113</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0027-8424
ispartof Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2016-02, Vol.113 (8), p.2200-2205
issn 0027-8424
1091-6490
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1768166134
source Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects Animals
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - administration & dosage
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacokinetics
Biological Sciences
Camptothecin - administration & dosage
Camptothecin - analogs & derivatives
Camptothecin - pharmacokinetics
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - drug therapy
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - metabolism
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - pathology
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Chemotherapy
Cytotoxicity
Fluorouracil - administration & dosage
Fluorouracil - pharmacokinetics
Humans
Infusion Pumps, Implantable
Ions
Iontophoresis - instrumentation
Leucovorin - administration & dosage
Leucovorin - pharmacokinetics
Mice
Mice, Nude
Organoplatinum Compounds - administration & dosage
Organoplatinum Compounds - pharmacokinetics
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy
Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism
Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology
Rodents
Toxicity
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
title Iontophoretic device delivery for the localized treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-15T05%3A35%3A18IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Iontophoretic%20device%20delivery%20for%20the%20localized%20treatment%20of%20pancreatic%20ductal%20adenocarcinoma&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20-%20PNAS&rft.au=Byrne,%20James%20D.&rft.date=2016-02-23&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2200&rft.epage=2205&rft.pages=2200-2205&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.eissn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073/pnas.1600421113&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E26467830%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1772453736&rft_id=info:pmid/26858448&rft_jstor_id=26467830&rfr_iscdi=true