Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Abstract Introduction We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. Patients and methods In this prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, 40 adult patien...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Anaesthesia critical care & pain medicine 2016-02, Vol.35 (1), p.31-36
Hauptverfasser: Boselli, Emmanuel, Bouvet, Lionel, Augris-Mathieu, Caroline, Bégou, Gérard, Diot-Junique, Nathalie, Rahali, Najia, Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine, Gérard, Cécile, Pivot, Christine, Disant, François, Allaouchiche, Bernard
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 36
container_issue 1
container_start_page 31
container_title Anaesthesia critical care & pain medicine
container_volume 35
creator Boselli, Emmanuel
Bouvet, Lionel
Augris-Mathieu, Caroline
Bégou, Gérard
Diot-Junique, Nathalie
Rahali, Najia
Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine
Gérard, Cécile
Pivot, Christine
Disant, François
Allaouchiche, Bernard
description Abstract Introduction We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. Patients and methods In this prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, 40 adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia were assigned to receive bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks with either 10 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (Group LB) or isotonic saline (control group). Patients in Group LB received 0.1 mL/kg of isotonic saline as a placebo and patients in the control group received 0.1 mL/kg of morphine. The primary endpoint was total perioperative morphine consumption (intraoperative and in the post-anaesthesia care unit). The secondary endpoints were pain scores, time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward, block-related complications and patient satisfaction. Results The total dose of perioperative morphine was lower in Group LB than in the control group (2.5 ± 2.8 mg versus 9.5 ± 3.5 mg, respectively, P < 0.001). The mean ± SD or median [IQR] times spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit (60 ± 10 min and 78 ± 33 min, respectively, P < 0.03) and in the outpatient ward (210 [178–223] min versus 275 [250–300] min, respectively, P < 0.001) were lower in Group LB than in the control group. There were no differences between groups for other endpoints. Conclusion Bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks performed with 0.25% levobupivacaine during general anaesthesia combining remifentanil and desflurane reduce the perioperative dose of morphine and the time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward in adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.accpm.2015.09.002
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1767627275</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S2352556815001332</els_id><sourcerecordid>1767627275</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-4cc64bae16ea1ed9522a474409a56a7bd7145d1337a1826ad2cac98fa689d5a73</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFUstuFDEQHCEQiUK-AAn5yIEZbI8fO0ggRRGPSJE4AGerx-5lvfGOB9uTaP-KT8SbDQhx4eRXlau7qpvmOaMdo0y93nZg7bzrOGWyo0NHKX_UnPJe8lZKtXr81_6kOc95SyllQul-0E-bE66kGFgvTpufV9M6QUyjLxAITI74w0VJ0W4CQiITplskY4j2JhMbd6Of0JE7XzbkO9bHexZgLhvMHsg6JhKXMkPxOBWSNn6KGecS5wC57N-QCzKnmGe0xdd_U1WMO5_RvSIuLmPAdgx-qqeKtzjG1sapFhNCFc1lcftnzZM1hIznD-tZ8-3D-6-Xn9rrzx-vLi-uWyuYKK2wVokRkCkEhm6QnIPQQtABpAI9Os2EdKzvNbAVV-C4BTus1qBWg5Og-7Pm5fHfWu6PpfZnapkWQ4AJ45IN00orrrmWFdofobZ2lhOuzZz8DtLeMGoOaZmtuU_LHNIydDA1rcp68SCwjDt0fzi_s6mAt0cA1jZvPSaTbTXVovOp2mdc9P8RePcP31ZrvYVwg3vM27ikqTpomMncUPPlMDCHeWGyjkrf8_4XyxjA9g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1767627275</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Boselli, Emmanuel ; Bouvet, Lionel ; Augris-Mathieu, Caroline ; Bégou, Gérard ; Diot-Junique, Nathalie ; Rahali, Najia ; Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine ; Gérard, Cécile ; Pivot, Christine ; Disant, François ; Allaouchiche, Bernard</creator><creatorcontrib>Boselli, Emmanuel ; Bouvet, Lionel ; Augris-Mathieu, Caroline ; Bégou, Gérard ; Diot-Junique, Nathalie ; Rahali, Najia ; Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine ; Gérard, Cécile ; Pivot, Christine ; Disant, François ; Allaouchiche, Bernard</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Introduction We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. Patients and methods In this prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, 40 adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia were assigned to receive bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks with either 10 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (Group LB) or isotonic saline (control group). Patients in Group LB received 0.1 mL/kg of isotonic saline as a placebo and patients in the control group received 0.1 mL/kg of morphine. The primary endpoint was total perioperative morphine consumption (intraoperative and in the post-anaesthesia care unit). The secondary endpoints were pain scores, time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward, block-related complications and patient satisfaction. Results The total dose of perioperative morphine was lower in Group LB than in the control group (2.5 ± 2.8 mg versus 9.5 ± 3.5 mg, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). The mean ± SD or median [IQR] times spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit (60 ± 10 min and 78 ± 33 min, respectively, P &lt; 0.03) and in the outpatient ward (210 [178–223] min versus 275 [250–300] min, respectively, P &lt; 0.001) were lower in Group LB than in the control group. There were no differences between groups for other endpoints. Conclusion Bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks performed with 0.25% levobupivacaine during general anaesthesia combining remifentanil and desflurane reduce the perioperative dose of morphine and the time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward in adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2352-5568</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2352-5568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2015.09.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26549134</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>France: Elsevier Masson SAS</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analgesics, Opioid - administration &amp; dosage ; Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use ; Anesthesia &amp; Perioperative Care ; Anesthesia, General - methods ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine - analogs &amp; derivatives ; Double-Blind Method ; Endpoint Determination ; Facial nerve block ; Female ; Humans ; Infraorbital ; Infratrochlear ; Levobupivacaine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morphine - administration &amp; dosage ; Morphine - therapeutic use ; Nasal Septum - surgery ; Nerve Block - adverse effects ; Nerve Block - methods ; Orbit ; Outpatient ; Outpatients ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Complications - epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Rhinoplasty ; Rhinoplasty - methods ; Trochlear Nerve</subject><ispartof>Anaesthesia critical care &amp; pain medicine, 2016-02, Vol.35 (1), p.31-36</ispartof><rights>Société française d’anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar)</rights><rights>2015 Société française d’anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar)</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Société française d’anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-4cc64bae16ea1ed9522a474409a56a7bd7145d1337a1826ad2cac98fa689d5a73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-4cc64bae16ea1ed9522a474409a56a7bd7145d1337a1826ad2cac98fa689d5a73</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5900-4194 ; 0000-0001-8817-5945 ; 0000-0002-4949-3518 ; 0000-0002-0495-9564 ; 0000-0002-3964-0668</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26549134$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Boselli, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouvet, Lionel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Augris-Mathieu, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bégou, Gérard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diot-Junique, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahali, Najia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gérard, Cécile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pivot, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Disant, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allaouchiche, Bernard</creatorcontrib><title>Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study</title><title>Anaesthesia critical care &amp; pain medicine</title><addtitle>Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med</addtitle><description>Abstract Introduction We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. Patients and methods In this prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, 40 adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia were assigned to receive bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks with either 10 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (Group LB) or isotonic saline (control group). Patients in Group LB received 0.1 mL/kg of isotonic saline as a placebo and patients in the control group received 0.1 mL/kg of morphine. The primary endpoint was total perioperative morphine consumption (intraoperative and in the post-anaesthesia care unit). The secondary endpoints were pain scores, time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward, block-related complications and patient satisfaction. Results The total dose of perioperative morphine was lower in Group LB than in the control group (2.5 ± 2.8 mg versus 9.5 ± 3.5 mg, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). The mean ± SD or median [IQR] times spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit (60 ± 10 min and 78 ± 33 min, respectively, P &lt; 0.03) and in the outpatient ward (210 [178–223] min versus 275 [250–300] min, respectively, P &lt; 0.001) were lower in Group LB than in the control group. There were no differences between groups for other endpoints. Conclusion Bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks performed with 0.25% levobupivacaine during general anaesthesia combining remifentanil and desflurane reduce the perioperative dose of morphine and the time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward in adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Anesthesia &amp; Perioperative Care</subject><subject>Anesthesia, General - methods</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Local</subject><subject>Bupivacaine - analogs &amp; derivatives</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Endpoint Determination</subject><subject>Facial nerve block</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infraorbital</subject><subject>Infratrochlear</subject><subject>Levobupivacaine</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morphine - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Morphine - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Nasal Septum - surgery</subject><subject>Nerve Block - adverse effects</subject><subject>Nerve Block - methods</subject><subject>Orbit</subject><subject>Outpatient</subject><subject>Outpatients</subject><subject>Patient Satisfaction</subject><subject>Postoperative Complications - epidemiology</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Rhinoplasty</subject><subject>Rhinoplasty - methods</subject><subject>Trochlear Nerve</subject><issn>2352-5568</issn><issn>2352-5568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUstuFDEQHCEQiUK-AAn5yIEZbI8fO0ggRRGPSJE4AGerx-5lvfGOB9uTaP-KT8SbDQhx4eRXlau7qpvmOaMdo0y93nZg7bzrOGWyo0NHKX_UnPJe8lZKtXr81_6kOc95SyllQul-0E-bE66kGFgvTpufV9M6QUyjLxAITI74w0VJ0W4CQiITplskY4j2JhMbd6Of0JE7XzbkO9bHexZgLhvMHsg6JhKXMkPxOBWSNn6KGecS5wC57N-QCzKnmGe0xdd_U1WMO5_RvSIuLmPAdgx-qqeKtzjG1sapFhNCFc1lcftnzZM1hIznD-tZ8-3D-6-Xn9rrzx-vLi-uWyuYKK2wVokRkCkEhm6QnIPQQtABpAI9Os2EdKzvNbAVV-C4BTus1qBWg5Og-7Pm5fHfWu6PpfZnapkWQ4AJ45IN00orrrmWFdofobZ2lhOuzZz8DtLeMGoOaZmtuU_LHNIydDA1rcp68SCwjDt0fzi_s6mAt0cA1jZvPSaTbTXVovOp2mdc9P8RePcP31ZrvYVwg3vM27ikqTpomMncUPPlMDCHeWGyjkrf8_4XyxjA9g</recordid><startdate>20160201</startdate><enddate>20160201</enddate><creator>Boselli, Emmanuel</creator><creator>Bouvet, Lionel</creator><creator>Augris-Mathieu, Caroline</creator><creator>Bégou, Gérard</creator><creator>Diot-Junique, Nathalie</creator><creator>Rahali, Najia</creator><creator>Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine</creator><creator>Gérard, Cécile</creator><creator>Pivot, Christine</creator><creator>Disant, François</creator><creator>Allaouchiche, Bernard</creator><general>Elsevier Masson SAS</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5900-4194</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8817-5945</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-3518</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-9564</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3964-0668</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20160201</creationdate><title>Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study</title><author>Boselli, Emmanuel ; Bouvet, Lionel ; Augris-Mathieu, Caroline ; Bégou, Gérard ; Diot-Junique, Nathalie ; Rahali, Najia ; Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine ; Gérard, Cécile ; Pivot, Christine ; Disant, François ; Allaouchiche, Bernard</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-4cc64bae16ea1ed9522a474409a56a7bd7145d1337a1826ad2cac98fa689d5a73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Anesthesia &amp; Perioperative Care</topic><topic>Anesthesia, General - methods</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Local</topic><topic>Bupivacaine - analogs &amp; derivatives</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Endpoint Determination</topic><topic>Facial nerve block</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infraorbital</topic><topic>Infratrochlear</topic><topic>Levobupivacaine</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morphine - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Morphine - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Nasal Septum - surgery</topic><topic>Nerve Block - adverse effects</topic><topic>Nerve Block - methods</topic><topic>Orbit</topic><topic>Outpatient</topic><topic>Outpatients</topic><topic>Patient Satisfaction</topic><topic>Postoperative Complications - epidemiology</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Rhinoplasty</topic><topic>Rhinoplasty - methods</topic><topic>Trochlear Nerve</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Boselli, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouvet, Lionel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Augris-Mathieu, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bégou, Gérard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diot-Junique, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahali, Najia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gérard, Cécile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pivot, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Disant, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allaouchiche, Bernard</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Anaesthesia critical care &amp; pain medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Boselli, Emmanuel</au><au>Bouvet, Lionel</au><au>Augris-Mathieu, Caroline</au><au>Bégou, Gérard</au><au>Diot-Junique, Nathalie</au><au>Rahali, Najia</au><au>Vertu-Ciolino, Delphine</au><au>Gérard, Cécile</au><au>Pivot, Christine</au><au>Disant, François</au><au>Allaouchiche, Bernard</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study</atitle><jtitle>Anaesthesia critical care &amp; pain medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med</addtitle><date>2016-02-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>31</spage><epage>36</epage><pages>31-36</pages><issn>2352-5568</issn><eissn>2352-5568</eissn><abstract>Abstract Introduction We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. Patients and methods In this prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, 40 adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia were assigned to receive bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks with either 10 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (Group LB) or isotonic saline (control group). Patients in Group LB received 0.1 mL/kg of isotonic saline as a placebo and patients in the control group received 0.1 mL/kg of morphine. The primary endpoint was total perioperative morphine consumption (intraoperative and in the post-anaesthesia care unit). The secondary endpoints were pain scores, time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward, block-related complications and patient satisfaction. Results The total dose of perioperative morphine was lower in Group LB than in the control group (2.5 ± 2.8 mg versus 9.5 ± 3.5 mg, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). The mean ± SD or median [IQR] times spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit (60 ± 10 min and 78 ± 33 min, respectively, P &lt; 0.03) and in the outpatient ward (210 [178–223] min versus 275 [250–300] min, respectively, P &lt; 0.001) were lower in Group LB than in the control group. There were no differences between groups for other endpoints. Conclusion Bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks performed with 0.25% levobupivacaine during general anaesthesia combining remifentanil and desflurane reduce the perioperative dose of morphine and the time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward in adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty.</abstract><cop>France</cop><pub>Elsevier Masson SAS</pub><pmid>26549134</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.accpm.2015.09.002</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5900-4194</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8817-5945</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-3518</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-9564</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3964-0668</orcidid></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 2352-5568
ispartof Anaesthesia critical care & pain medicine, 2016-02, Vol.35 (1), p.31-36
issn 2352-5568
2352-5568
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1767627275
source MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Adult
Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage
Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use
Anesthesia & Perioperative Care
Anesthesia, General - methods
Anesthetics, Local
Bupivacaine - analogs & derivatives
Double-Blind Method
Endpoint Determination
Facial nerve block
Female
Humans
Infraorbital
Infratrochlear
Levobupivacaine
Male
Middle Aged
Morphine - administration & dosage
Morphine - therapeutic use
Nasal Septum - surgery
Nerve Block - adverse effects
Nerve Block - methods
Orbit
Outpatient
Outpatients
Patient Satisfaction
Postoperative Complications - epidemiology
Prospective Studies
Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty - methods
Trochlear Nerve
title Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-14T14%3A02%3A55IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Infraorbital%20and%20infratrochlear%20nerve%20blocks%20combined%20with%20general%20anaesthesia%20for%20outpatient%20rhinoseptoplasty:%20A%20prospective%20randomised,%20double-blind,%20placebo-controlled%20study&rft.jtitle=Anaesthesia%20critical%20care%20&%20pain%20medicine&rft.au=Boselli,%20Emmanuel&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.epage=36&rft.pages=31-36&rft.issn=2352-5568&rft.eissn=2352-5568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.accpm.2015.09.002&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1767627275%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1767627275&rft_id=info:pmid/26549134&rft_els_id=1_s2_0_S2352556815001332&rfr_iscdi=true