Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study
Purpose Self-medication is common worldwide. However, the prevalence of sale of prescription medications without prescription and the quality of assessment and counselling provided by community pharmacists to cardiac patients is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of prescription medicati...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of clinical pharmacology 2016-03, Vol.72 (3), p.321-328 |
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| container_title | European journal of clinical pharmacology |
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| creator | Kashour, Tarek Seifaw Joury, Abdulaziz Alotaibi, Abdullah M. Althagafi, Mahmoud Almufleh, Aws S. Hersi, Ahmad Thalib, Lukman |
| description | Purpose
Self-medication is common worldwide. However, the prevalence of sale of prescription medications without prescription and the quality of assessment and counselling provided by community pharmacists to cardiac patients is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of prescription medication sales and explore how pharmacists assess and counsel patients with acute cardiac conditions.
Methods
Six hundred community pharmacies in the two largest cities in Saudi Arabia were selected. Two simulated clients presented either an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) scenario or an acute heart failure (AHF) scenario to the pharmacists. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to analyse and present the collected data.
Results
Of 600 pharmacies, 379 (63.2 %) sold various prescription medications to simulated patients without prescription. Assessment and counselling provided by pharmacists were inadequate. Almost a quarter of pharmacists did not ask simulated patients any questions; 52 % asked one or two questions; and only 24 % asked three or more questions. Only 28 pharmacists (4.7 %) inquired about drug allergies; 48.5 % instructed simulated patients on the dosage and frequency of the sold medications; 21.6 % provided instruction on treatment duration; and 19.4 % gave instructions on dose, frequency, and duration of treatment. Compared to AHF, ACS simulated patients were more likely to be asked about other symptoms and comorbidities (59.7 % vs. 48.7 %,
p
= 0.007 and 46.3 % vs. 37.3 %,
p
= 0.005, respectively) and were more likely to be advised to go to hospital (70.3 % vs. 56.3 %,
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00228-015-1981-1 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1765111617</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3949853951</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c61920d0331072b612493eef9650402964a4295f01656b4ecc2ff3ab971ebb663</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kdFqFTEQhoMo9rT6AN5IwBtvVjPJbvbEOylqhYIU6vWSzWbblM1mzSSUfbc-nNlzqojQq4T83z8zmZ-QN8A-AGPtR2SM833FoKlA7aGCZ2QHteAVsBqekx1jAiqpWnZCThHvWAEVEy_JCZeN4rVqduThKuvJpZWGkWpEi-jtnKieB2pCntFOk5tvijraaAfar-XZ-zxvluVWR6-Nw4QHg7eDMzq5MFPUk6X3Lt2GnOgSLZroloOSAl0KU5rgQSiXrcHGUm1ystToODhtKK5-ScHjJ6opOp8nncoEZtq8FFMe1lfkxagntK8fzzPy8-uX6_OL6vLHt-_nny8rI1qeKiNBcTYwIYC1vJdQvi6sHZVsWM24krWuuWpGBrKRfW2N4eModK9asH0vpTgj7491lxh-ZYup8w5NWY2ebcjYQSsbAJDQFvTdf-hdyHEu021ULfleQFMoOFImBsRox26Jzuu4dsC6LdruGG1XEuu2aDsonrePlXNfNv3X8SfLAvAjgEWab2z8p_WTVX8D3cqy8Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1764628315</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw ; Joury, Abdulaziz ; Alotaibi, Abdullah M. ; Althagafi, Mahmoud ; Almufleh, Aws S. ; Hersi, Ahmad ; Thalib, Lukman</creator><creatorcontrib>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw ; Joury, Abdulaziz ; Alotaibi, Abdullah M. ; Althagafi, Mahmoud ; Almufleh, Aws S. ; Hersi, Ahmad ; Thalib, Lukman</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Self-medication is common worldwide. However, the prevalence of sale of prescription medications without prescription and the quality of assessment and counselling provided by community pharmacists to cardiac patients is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of prescription medication sales and explore how pharmacists assess and counsel patients with acute cardiac conditions.
Methods
Six hundred community pharmacies in the two largest cities in Saudi Arabia were selected. Two simulated clients presented either an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) scenario or an acute heart failure (AHF) scenario to the pharmacists. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to analyse and present the collected data.
Results
Of 600 pharmacies, 379 (63.2 %) sold various prescription medications to simulated patients without prescription. Assessment and counselling provided by pharmacists were inadequate. Almost a quarter of pharmacists did not ask simulated patients any questions; 52 % asked one or two questions; and only 24 % asked three or more questions. Only 28 pharmacists (4.7 %) inquired about drug allergies; 48.5 % instructed simulated patients on the dosage and frequency of the sold medications; 21.6 % provided instruction on treatment duration; and 19.4 % gave instructions on dose, frequency, and duration of treatment. Compared to AHF, ACS simulated patients were more likely to be asked about other symptoms and comorbidities (59.7 % vs. 48.7 %,
p
= 0.007 and 46.3 % vs. 37.3 %,
p
= 0.005, respectively) and were more likely to be advised to go to hospital (70.3 % vs. 56.3 %,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The sale of prescription medications by community pharmacists to simulated cardiac patients without prescription is very common; assessment and counselling qualities are suboptimal.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-6970</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1041</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00228-015-1981-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26592495</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Acute Coronary Syndrome - drug therapy ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cardiovascular disease ; Community Pharmacy Services - statistics & numerical data ; Counseling ; Drug Prescriptions - statistics & numerical data ; Drug stores ; Heart Failure - drug therapy ; Humans ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pharmacists ; Pharmacists - statistics & numerical data ; Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Professional-Patient Relations ; Saudi Arabia ; Self Medication ; Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016-03, Vol.72 (3), p.321-328</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c61920d0331072b612493eef9650402964a4295f01656b4ecc2ff3ab971ebb663</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c61920d0331072b612493eef9650402964a4295f01656b4ecc2ff3ab971ebb663</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00228-015-1981-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00228-015-1981-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26592495$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joury, Abdulaziz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alotaibi, Abdullah M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Althagafi, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almufleh, Aws S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hersi, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thalib, Lukman</creatorcontrib><title>Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study</title><title>European journal of clinical pharmacology</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><description>Purpose
Self-medication is common worldwide. However, the prevalence of sale of prescription medications without prescription and the quality of assessment and counselling provided by community pharmacists to cardiac patients is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of prescription medication sales and explore how pharmacists assess and counsel patients with acute cardiac conditions.
Methods
Six hundred community pharmacies in the two largest cities in Saudi Arabia were selected. Two simulated clients presented either an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) scenario or an acute heart failure (AHF) scenario to the pharmacists. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to analyse and present the collected data.
Results
Of 600 pharmacies, 379 (63.2 %) sold various prescription medications to simulated patients without prescription. Assessment and counselling provided by pharmacists were inadequate. Almost a quarter of pharmacists did not ask simulated patients any questions; 52 % asked one or two questions; and only 24 % asked three or more questions. Only 28 pharmacists (4.7 %) inquired about drug allergies; 48.5 % instructed simulated patients on the dosage and frequency of the sold medications; 21.6 % provided instruction on treatment duration; and 19.4 % gave instructions on dose, frequency, and duration of treatment. Compared to AHF, ACS simulated patients were more likely to be asked about other symptoms and comorbidities (59.7 % vs. 48.7 %,
p
= 0.007 and 46.3 % vs. 37.3 %,
p
= 0.005, respectively) and were more likely to be advised to go to hospital (70.3 % vs. 56.3 %,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The sale of prescription medications by community pharmacists to simulated cardiac patients without prescription is very common; assessment and counselling qualities are suboptimal.</description><subject>Acute Coronary Syndrome - drug therapy</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Community Pharmacy Services - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Counseling</subject><subject>Drug Prescriptions - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Drug stores</subject><subject>Heart Failure - drug therapy</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Patient Education as Topic</subject><subject>Pharmacists</subject><subject>Pharmacists - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription</subject><subject>Pharmacology/Toxicology</subject><subject>Professional-Patient Relations</subject><subject>Saudi Arabia</subject><subject>Self Medication</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><issn>0031-6970</issn><issn>1432-1041</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kdFqFTEQhoMo9rT6AN5IwBtvVjPJbvbEOylqhYIU6vWSzWbblM1mzSSUfbc-nNlzqojQq4T83z8zmZ-QN8A-AGPtR2SM833FoKlA7aGCZ2QHteAVsBqekx1jAiqpWnZCThHvWAEVEy_JCZeN4rVqduThKuvJpZWGkWpEi-jtnKieB2pCntFOk5tvijraaAfar-XZ-zxvluVWR6-Nw4QHg7eDMzq5MFPUk6X3Lt2GnOgSLZroloOSAl0KU5rgQSiXrcHGUm1ystToODhtKK5-ScHjJ6opOp8nncoEZtq8FFMe1lfkxagntK8fzzPy8-uX6_OL6vLHt-_nny8rI1qeKiNBcTYwIYC1vJdQvi6sHZVsWM24krWuuWpGBrKRfW2N4eModK9asH0vpTgj7491lxh-ZYup8w5NWY2ebcjYQSsbAJDQFvTdf-hdyHEu021ULfleQFMoOFImBsRox26Jzuu4dsC6LdruGG1XEuu2aDsonrePlXNfNv3X8SfLAvAjgEWab2z8p_WTVX8D3cqy8Q</recordid><startdate>20160301</startdate><enddate>20160301</enddate><creator>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw</creator><creator>Joury, Abdulaziz</creator><creator>Alotaibi, Abdullah M.</creator><creator>Althagafi, Mahmoud</creator><creator>Almufleh, Aws S.</creator><creator>Hersi, Ahmad</creator><creator>Thalib, Lukman</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160301</creationdate><title>Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study</title><author>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw ; Joury, Abdulaziz ; Alotaibi, Abdullah M. ; Althagafi, Mahmoud ; Almufleh, Aws S. ; Hersi, Ahmad ; Thalib, Lukman</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c61920d0331072b612493eef9650402964a4295f01656b4ecc2ff3ab971ebb663</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Acute Coronary Syndrome - drug therapy</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Community Pharmacy Services - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Counseling</topic><topic>Drug Prescriptions - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Drug stores</topic><topic>Heart Failure - drug therapy</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Patient Education as Topic</topic><topic>Pharmacists</topic><topic>Pharmacists - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription</topic><topic>Pharmacology/Toxicology</topic><topic>Professional-Patient Relations</topic><topic>Saudi Arabia</topic><topic>Self Medication</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joury, Abdulaziz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alotaibi, Abdullah M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Althagafi, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almufleh, Aws S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hersi, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thalib, Lukman</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of clinical pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kashour, Tarek Seifaw</au><au>Joury, Abdulaziz</au><au>Alotaibi, Abdullah M.</au><au>Althagafi, Mahmoud</au><au>Almufleh, Aws S.</au><au>Hersi, Ahmad</au><au>Thalib, Lukman</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical pharmacology</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2016-03-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>321</spage><epage>328</epage><pages>321-328</pages><issn>0031-6970</issn><eissn>1432-1041</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Self-medication is common worldwide. However, the prevalence of sale of prescription medications without prescription and the quality of assessment and counselling provided by community pharmacists to cardiac patients is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of prescription medication sales and explore how pharmacists assess and counsel patients with acute cardiac conditions.
Methods
Six hundred community pharmacies in the two largest cities in Saudi Arabia were selected. Two simulated clients presented either an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) scenario or an acute heart failure (AHF) scenario to the pharmacists. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to analyse and present the collected data.
Results
Of 600 pharmacies, 379 (63.2 %) sold various prescription medications to simulated patients without prescription. Assessment and counselling provided by pharmacists were inadequate. Almost a quarter of pharmacists did not ask simulated patients any questions; 52 % asked one or two questions; and only 24 % asked three or more questions. Only 28 pharmacists (4.7 %) inquired about drug allergies; 48.5 % instructed simulated patients on the dosage and frequency of the sold medications; 21.6 % provided instruction on treatment duration; and 19.4 % gave instructions on dose, frequency, and duration of treatment. Compared to AHF, ACS simulated patients were more likely to be asked about other symptoms and comorbidities (59.7 % vs. 48.7 %,
p
= 0.007 and 46.3 % vs. 37.3 %,
p
= 0.005, respectively) and were more likely to be advised to go to hospital (70.3 % vs. 56.3 %,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The sale of prescription medications by community pharmacists to simulated cardiac patients without prescription is very common; assessment and counselling qualities are suboptimal.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>26592495</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00228-015-1981-1</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0031-6970 |
| ispartof | European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016-03, Vol.72 (3), p.321-328 |
| issn | 0031-6970 1432-1041 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Acute Coronary Syndrome - drug therapy Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cardiovascular disease Community Pharmacy Services - statistics & numerical data Counseling Drug Prescriptions - statistics & numerical data Drug stores Heart Failure - drug therapy Humans Patient Education as Topic Pharmacists Pharmacists - statistics & numerical data Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription Pharmacology/Toxicology Professional-Patient Relations Saudi Arabia Self Medication Surveys and Questionnaires |
| title | Quality of assessment and counselling offered by community pharmacists and medication sale without prescription to patients presenting with acute cardiac symptoms: a simulated client study |
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