The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age
Background Women have a higher prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDE) than men, and the annual prevalence of MDE declines with age. Age by sex interactions may occur (a weakening of the sex effect with age), but are easily overlooked since individual studies lack statistical power to detect i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2016-02, Vol.51 (2), p.203-210 |
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| creator | Patten, Scott B. Williams, Jeanne V. A. Lavorato, Dina H. Wang, Jian Li Bulloch, Andrew G. M. Sajobi, Tolulope |
| description | Background
Women have a higher prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDE) than men, and the annual prevalence of MDE declines with age. Age by sex interactions may occur (a weakening of the sex effect with age), but are easily overlooked since individual studies lack statistical power to detect interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate age by sex interactions in MDE prevalence.
Methods
In Canada, a series of 10 national surveys conducted between 1996 and 2013 assessed MDE prevalence in respondents over the age of 14. Treating age as a continuous variable, binomial and linear regression was used to model age by sex interactions in each survey. To increase power, the survey-specific interaction coefficients were then pooled using meta-analytic methods.
Results
The estimated interaction terms were homogeneous. In the binomial regression model
I
2
was 31.2 % and was not statistically significant (
Q
statistic = 13.1,
df
= 9,
p
= 0.159). The pooled estimate (−0.004) was significant (
z
= 3.13,
p
= 0.002), indicating that the effect of sex became weaker with increasing age. This resulted in near disappearance of the sex difference in the 75+ age group. This finding was also supported by an examination of age- and sex-specific estimates pooled across the surveys.
Conclusions
The association of MDE prevalence with sex becomes weaker with age. The interaction may reflect biological effect modification. Investigators should test for, and consider inclusion of age by sex interactions in epidemiological analyses of MDE prevalence. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00127-015-1166-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1764700638</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A716448639</galeid><sourcerecordid>A716448639</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-a2adfc99a2e5b72333d44abdd8657a238968b241281a8c03ffbcd145fc050fd73</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kctuFDEQRS0URIbAB7BBLWWTTQe_2o9lFEGIFIkFYW257fKkh2l7Yvdk4O_jziS8FOSFS1XnXlXpIvSO4FOCsfxQMCZUtph0LSFCtOwFWhDOWKup6g7QAutaS93xQ_S6lBXGmGnJXqFDKiRnStEF-np9A40tJbnBTkOKTQ_TDiA2o12l3HjYZChlHtTizq4huspH3xT4UVmXRijNDux3yM1umG4au4Q36GWw6wJvH_8j9O3Tx-vzz-3Vl4vL87Or1nVYT62l1gentaXQ9ZIyxjzntvdeiU5aypQWqqecUEWscpiF0DtPeBcc7nDwkh2hk73vJqfbLZTJjENxsF7bCGlbDJGCS4wFUxU9_gddpW2OdbsHqhoSqn9Ty3qoGWJIU7ZuNjVnkgjOlWAzdfoMVZ-HcXApQhhq_y8B2QtcTqVkCGaTh9Hmn4ZgMwdp9kGaGqSZgzSsat4_LrztR_C_FE_JVYDugVJHcQn5j4v-63oPEs-mfg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1764050129</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Patten, Scott B. ; Williams, Jeanne V. A. ; Lavorato, Dina H. ; Wang, Jian Li ; Bulloch, Andrew G. M. ; Sajobi, Tolulope</creator><creatorcontrib>Patten, Scott B. ; Williams, Jeanne V. A. ; Lavorato, Dina H. ; Wang, Jian Li ; Bulloch, Andrew G. M. ; Sajobi, Tolulope</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Women have a higher prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDE) than men, and the annual prevalence of MDE declines with age. Age by sex interactions may occur (a weakening of the sex effect with age), but are easily overlooked since individual studies lack statistical power to detect interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate age by sex interactions in MDE prevalence.
Methods
In Canada, a series of 10 national surveys conducted between 1996 and 2013 assessed MDE prevalence in respondents over the age of 14. Treating age as a continuous variable, binomial and linear regression was used to model age by sex interactions in each survey. To increase power, the survey-specific interaction coefficients were then pooled using meta-analytic methods.
Results
The estimated interaction terms were homogeneous. In the binomial regression model
I
2
was 31.2 % and was not statistically significant (
Q
statistic = 13.1,
df
= 9,
p
= 0.159). The pooled estimate (−0.004) was significant (
z
= 3.13,
p
= 0.002), indicating that the effect of sex became weaker with increasing age. This resulted in near disappearance of the sex difference in the 75+ age group. This finding was also supported by an examination of age- and sex-specific estimates pooled across the surveys.
Conclusions
The association of MDE prevalence with sex becomes weaker with age. The interaction may reflect biological effect modification. Investigators should test for, and consider inclusion of age by sex interactions in epidemiological analyses of MDE prevalence.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0933-7954</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-9285</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1166-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26743882</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Analysis ; Canada - epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression, Mental ; Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Gender differences ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Longitudinal studies ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Mental depression ; Mental health ; Middle Aged ; Original Paper ; Prevalence ; Psychiatry ; Sex Distribution ; Surveys ; Womens health ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2016-02, Vol.51 (2), p.203-210</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-a2adfc99a2e5b72333d44abdd8657a238968b241281a8c03ffbcd145fc050fd73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-a2adfc99a2e5b72333d44abdd8657a238968b241281a8c03ffbcd145fc050fd73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00127-015-1166-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00127-015-1166-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923,41486,42555,51317</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26743882$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Patten, Scott B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Jeanne V. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavorato, Dina H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jian Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bulloch, Andrew G. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sajobi, Tolulope</creatorcontrib><title>The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age</title><title>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</title><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Background
Women have a higher prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDE) than men, and the annual prevalence of MDE declines with age. Age by sex interactions may occur (a weakening of the sex effect with age), but are easily overlooked since individual studies lack statistical power to detect interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate age by sex interactions in MDE prevalence.
Methods
In Canada, a series of 10 national surveys conducted between 1996 and 2013 assessed MDE prevalence in respondents over the age of 14. Treating age as a continuous variable, binomial and linear regression was used to model age by sex interactions in each survey. To increase power, the survey-specific interaction coefficients were then pooled using meta-analytic methods.
Results
The estimated interaction terms were homogeneous. In the binomial regression model
I
2
was 31.2 % and was not statistically significant (
Q
statistic = 13.1,
df
= 9,
p
= 0.159). The pooled estimate (−0.004) was significant (
z
= 3.13,
p
= 0.002), indicating that the effect of sex became weaker with increasing age. This resulted in near disappearance of the sex difference in the 75+ age group. This finding was also supported by an examination of age- and sex-specific estimates pooled across the surveys.
Conclusions
The association of MDE prevalence with sex becomes weaker with age. The interaction may reflect biological effect modification. Investigators should test for, and consider inclusion of age by sex interactions in epidemiological analyses of MDE prevalence.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Canada - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Depression, Mental</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Health Surveys</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0933-7954</issn><issn>1433-9285</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kctuFDEQRS0URIbAB7BBLWWTTQe_2o9lFEGIFIkFYW257fKkh2l7Yvdk4O_jziS8FOSFS1XnXlXpIvSO4FOCsfxQMCZUtph0LSFCtOwFWhDOWKup6g7QAutaS93xQ_S6lBXGmGnJXqFDKiRnStEF-np9A40tJbnBTkOKTQ_TDiA2o12l3HjYZChlHtTizq4huspH3xT4UVmXRijNDux3yM1umG4au4Q36GWw6wJvH_8j9O3Tx-vzz-3Vl4vL87Or1nVYT62l1gentaXQ9ZIyxjzntvdeiU5aypQWqqecUEWscpiF0DtPeBcc7nDwkh2hk73vJqfbLZTJjENxsF7bCGlbDJGCS4wFUxU9_gddpW2OdbsHqhoSqn9Ty3qoGWJIU7ZuNjVnkgjOlWAzdfoMVZ-HcXApQhhq_y8B2QtcTqVkCGaTh9Hmn4ZgMwdp9kGaGqSZgzSsat4_LrztR_C_FE_JVYDugVJHcQn5j4v-63oPEs-mfg</recordid><startdate>20160201</startdate><enddate>20160201</enddate><creator>Patten, Scott B.</creator><creator>Williams, Jeanne V. A.</creator><creator>Lavorato, Dina H.</creator><creator>Wang, Jian Li</creator><creator>Bulloch, Andrew G. M.</creator><creator>Sajobi, Tolulope</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160201</creationdate><title>The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age</title><author>Patten, Scott B. ; Williams, Jeanne V. A. ; Lavorato, Dina H. ; Wang, Jian Li ; Bulloch, Andrew G. M. ; Sajobi, Tolulope</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-a2adfc99a2e5b72333d44abdd8657a238968b241281a8c03ffbcd145fc050fd73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Canada - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Depression, Mental</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Health Surveys</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Longitudinal studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Patten, Scott B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Jeanne V. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavorato, Dina H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jian Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bulloch, Andrew G. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sajobi, Tolulope</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Patten, Scott B.</au><au>Williams, Jeanne V. A.</au><au>Lavorato, Dina H.</au><au>Wang, Jian Li</au><au>Bulloch, Andrew G. M.</au><au>Sajobi, Tolulope</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age</atitle><jtitle>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</jtitle><stitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</stitle><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2016-02-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>203</spage><epage>210</epage><pages>203-210</pages><issn>0933-7954</issn><eissn>1433-9285</eissn><abstract>Background
Women have a higher prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDE) than men, and the annual prevalence of MDE declines with age. Age by sex interactions may occur (a weakening of the sex effect with age), but are easily overlooked since individual studies lack statistical power to detect interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate age by sex interactions in MDE prevalence.
Methods
In Canada, a series of 10 national surveys conducted between 1996 and 2013 assessed MDE prevalence in respondents over the age of 14. Treating age as a continuous variable, binomial and linear regression was used to model age by sex interactions in each survey. To increase power, the survey-specific interaction coefficients were then pooled using meta-analytic methods.
Results
The estimated interaction terms were homogeneous. In the binomial regression model
I
2
was 31.2 % and was not statistically significant (
Q
statistic = 13.1,
df
= 9,
p
= 0.159). The pooled estimate (−0.004) was significant (
z
= 3.13,
p
= 0.002), indicating that the effect of sex became weaker with increasing age. This resulted in near disappearance of the sex difference in the 75+ age group. This finding was also supported by an examination of age- and sex-specific estimates pooled across the surveys.
Conclusions
The association of MDE prevalence with sex becomes weaker with age. The interaction may reflect biological effect modification. Investigators should test for, and consider inclusion of age by sex interactions in epidemiological analyses of MDE prevalence.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>26743882</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00127-015-1166-3</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| issn | 0933-7954 1433-9285 |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Age Distribution Aged Analysis Canada - epidemiology Cross-Sectional Studies Depression, Mental Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology Epidemiology Female Gender differences Health Surveys Humans Longitudinal studies Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental depression Mental health Middle Aged Original Paper Prevalence Psychiatry Sex Distribution Surveys Womens health Young Adult |
| title | The association between major depression prevalence and sex becomes weaker with age |
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