The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada
•This study evaluates the impact of new laws in British Columbia, Canada, designed to reduce alcohol-related collisions.•The laws increased the efficiency for processing drinking drivers if offenders were not charged under the Criminal Code.•Canadian Criminal Code charges declined 68.2% resulting in...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Accident analysis and prevention 2013-10, Vol.59, p.200-205 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 205 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | |
| container_start_page | 200 |
| container_title | Accident analysis and prevention |
| container_volume | 59 |
| creator | Macdonald, Scott Zhao, Jinhui Martin, Gina Brubacher, Jeff Stockwell, Tim Arason, Neil Steinmetz, Susanne Chan, Herbert |
| description | •This study evaluates the impact of new laws in British Columbia, Canada, designed to reduce alcohol-related collisions.•The laws increased the efficiency for processing drinking drivers if offenders were not charged under the Criminal Code.•Canadian Criminal Code charges declined 68.2% resulting in partial decriminalization of drinking and driving.•The intervention was associated with significant reductions in three types of alcohol-related collisions.•Provincial laws for drinking drivers can be more efficient and effective than Canadian laws in reducing collisions.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of administrative sanctions introduced as part of a new law for drinking drivers in British Columbia, Canada. The new law, known as immediate roadside prohibitions (IRP), aimed to increase the efficiency of police and courts for processing drinking drivers, thereby increasing the certainty of their being apprehended and punished. However, in order to maintain these efficiencies, sanctions under this new law largely replaced laws under the Criminal Code of Canada for Driving While Impaired (DWI) by alcohol, which had more severe penalties but lower certainty of punishment. We examined whether the intervention was related to abrupt significant declines in three types of alcohol-related collisions (i.e. fatalities, injuries or property damage only) compared to the same type of collisions without alcohol involvement.
An interrupted time series design, with a non-equivalent control was used, testing for an intervention effect. Monthly rates of the three types of collisions with and without alcohol involvement were calculated for the 15-year period before and the 1-year period after implementation of the new law. ARIMA time series analysis was conducted controlling for trend effects, seasonality, autocorrelation, and collisions without alcohol.
Significant average declines (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.012 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1762055526</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0001457513002030</els_id><sourcerecordid>1660413317</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0ef06006757e6ae9b7984b706c52a94d68612e446c553e8524dfb41194a37bd3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkc2KFDEYRYMoTs_oA7iRbAQXU2WSyk8HV2PjHwy4GdfhqyRlp0lVyqR6YHx6U3SrO2cVPjj3Eu5B6BUlLSVUvju0AHPLCO1aIlpC2RO0oVulG0aEeoo2hBDacKHEBbos5VBPtVXiObpgndJMUr1BD3d7j8M4g11wmjBEm_YpNtlHWLzDNsUYSkhTwWnAS2VnyEuAiJ23OYxhghh-wVKJFViLQq45l8N9mH7gMOEPOSyh7PEuxePYB7jGO5jAwQv0bIBY_Mvze4W-f_p4t_vS3H77_HV3c9tYrtTSDMQPRBIilVBegte90lveKyKtYKC5k1tJmee83qLzW8G4G3pOqebQqd51V-jtqXfO6efRl8WMoVgfI0w-HYuhSta5hGDycVRKwmnXUfU4yjvKNOdEVJSeUJtTKdkPZq7LQX4wlJjVozmY6tGsHg0Rpnqsmdfn-mM_evc38UdcBd6cASgW4pBhsqH845QWTHcr9_7E-TrxffDZFBv8ZL2rnuxiXAr_-cZv6Q-54A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1431294405</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Macdonald, Scott ; Zhao, Jinhui ; Martin, Gina ; Brubacher, Jeff ; Stockwell, Tim ; Arason, Neil ; Steinmetz, Susanne ; Chan, Herbert</creator><creatorcontrib>Macdonald, Scott ; Zhao, Jinhui ; Martin, Gina ; Brubacher, Jeff ; Stockwell, Tim ; Arason, Neil ; Steinmetz, Susanne ; Chan, Herbert</creatorcontrib><description>•This study evaluates the impact of new laws in British Columbia, Canada, designed to reduce alcohol-related collisions.•The laws increased the efficiency for processing drinking drivers if offenders were not charged under the Criminal Code.•Canadian Criminal Code charges declined 68.2% resulting in partial decriminalization of drinking and driving.•The intervention was associated with significant reductions in three types of alcohol-related collisions.•Provincial laws for drinking drivers can be more efficient and effective than Canadian laws in reducing collisions.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of administrative sanctions introduced as part of a new law for drinking drivers in British Columbia, Canada. The new law, known as immediate roadside prohibitions (IRP), aimed to increase the efficiency of police and courts for processing drinking drivers, thereby increasing the certainty of their being apprehended and punished. However, in order to maintain these efficiencies, sanctions under this new law largely replaced laws under the Criminal Code of Canada for Driving While Impaired (DWI) by alcohol, which had more severe penalties but lower certainty of punishment. We examined whether the intervention was related to abrupt significant declines in three types of alcohol-related collisions (i.e. fatalities, injuries or property damage only) compared to the same type of collisions without alcohol involvement.
An interrupted time series design, with a non-equivalent control was used, testing for an intervention effect. Monthly rates of the three types of collisions with and without alcohol involvement were calculated for the 15-year period before and the 1-year period after implementation of the new law. ARIMA time series analysis was conducted controlling for trend effects, seasonality, autocorrelation, and collisions without alcohol.
Significant average declines (p<0.05) in alcohol-related collisions were found as follows: 40.4% for fatal collisions, 23.4% for injury collisions and 19.5% for property damage only collisions. No significant effects were found for any of the three comparable non-alcohol-related types of collisions.
These results suggest that provincial law of administrative sanctions for drinking drivers and associated publicity was more effective for minimizing alcohol-related collisions than laws under the Canadian Criminal Code.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0001-4575</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2057</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23792619</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Accidents, Traffic - legislation & jurisprudence ; Accidents, Traffic - mortality ; Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data ; Alcohol Drinking - legislation & jurisprudence ; Alcohol-related collision ; Alcoholic Intoxication - epidemiology ; Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning ; Alcohols ; Automobile Driving - legislation & jurisprudence ; Biological and medical sciences ; British Columbia ; British Columbia - epidemiology ; Collisions ; Crime ; Drinking ; Humans ; Immediate roadside prohibitions ; Injuries ; Interrupted time series design ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Prevention and actions ; Property damage ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Time series analysis ; Toxicology ; Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Accident analysis and prevention, 2013-10, Vol.59, p.200-205</ispartof><rights>2013</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0ef06006757e6ae9b7984b706c52a94d68612e446c553e8524dfb41194a37bd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0ef06006757e6ae9b7984b706c52a94d68612e446c553e8524dfb41194a37bd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001457513002030$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27952939$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23792619$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Macdonald, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jinhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Gina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brubacher, Jeff</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stockwell, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arason, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steinmetz, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Herbert</creatorcontrib><title>The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada</title><title>Accident analysis and prevention</title><addtitle>Accid Anal Prev</addtitle><description>•This study evaluates the impact of new laws in British Columbia, Canada, designed to reduce alcohol-related collisions.•The laws increased the efficiency for processing drinking drivers if offenders were not charged under the Criminal Code.•Canadian Criminal Code charges declined 68.2% resulting in partial decriminalization of drinking and driving.•The intervention was associated with significant reductions in three types of alcohol-related collisions.•Provincial laws for drinking drivers can be more efficient and effective than Canadian laws in reducing collisions.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of administrative sanctions introduced as part of a new law for drinking drivers in British Columbia, Canada. The new law, known as immediate roadside prohibitions (IRP), aimed to increase the efficiency of police and courts for processing drinking drivers, thereby increasing the certainty of their being apprehended and punished. However, in order to maintain these efficiencies, sanctions under this new law largely replaced laws under the Criminal Code of Canada for Driving While Impaired (DWI) by alcohol, which had more severe penalties but lower certainty of punishment. We examined whether the intervention was related to abrupt significant declines in three types of alcohol-related collisions (i.e. fatalities, injuries or property damage only) compared to the same type of collisions without alcohol involvement.
An interrupted time series design, with a non-equivalent control was used, testing for an intervention effect. Monthly rates of the three types of collisions with and without alcohol involvement were calculated for the 15-year period before and the 1-year period after implementation of the new law. ARIMA time series analysis was conducted controlling for trend effects, seasonality, autocorrelation, and collisions without alcohol.
Significant average declines (p<0.05) in alcohol-related collisions were found as follows: 40.4% for fatal collisions, 23.4% for injury collisions and 19.5% for property damage only collisions. No significant effects were found for any of the three comparable non-alcohol-related types of collisions.
These results suggest that provincial law of administrative sanctions for drinking drivers and associated publicity was more effective for minimizing alcohol-related collisions than laws under the Canadian Criminal Code.</description><subject>Accidents, Traffic - legislation & jurisprudence</subject><subject>Accidents, Traffic - mortality</subject><subject>Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Alcohol Drinking - legislation & jurisprudence</subject><subject>Alcohol-related collision</subject><subject>Alcoholic Intoxication - epidemiology</subject><subject>Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning</subject><subject>Alcohols</subject><subject>Automobile Driving - legislation & jurisprudence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>British Columbia</subject><subject>British Columbia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Collisions</subject><subject>Crime</subject><subject>Drinking</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immediate roadside prohibitions</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Interrupted time series design</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Prevention and actions</subject><subject>Property damage</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Time series analysis</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</subject><issn>0001-4575</issn><issn>1879-2057</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc2KFDEYRYMoTs_oA7iRbAQXU2WSyk8HV2PjHwy4GdfhqyRlp0lVyqR6YHx6U3SrO2cVPjj3Eu5B6BUlLSVUvju0AHPLCO1aIlpC2RO0oVulG0aEeoo2hBDacKHEBbos5VBPtVXiObpgndJMUr1BD3d7j8M4g11wmjBEm_YpNtlHWLzDNsUYSkhTwWnAS2VnyEuAiJ23OYxhghh-wVKJFViLQq45l8N9mH7gMOEPOSyh7PEuxePYB7jGO5jAwQv0bIBY_Mvze4W-f_p4t_vS3H77_HV3c9tYrtTSDMQPRBIilVBegte90lveKyKtYKC5k1tJmee83qLzW8G4G3pOqebQqd51V-jtqXfO6efRl8WMoVgfI0w-HYuhSta5hGDycVRKwmnXUfU4yjvKNOdEVJSeUJtTKdkPZq7LQX4wlJjVozmY6tGsHg0Rpnqsmdfn-mM_evc38UdcBd6cASgW4pBhsqH845QWTHcr9_7E-TrxffDZFBv8ZL2rnuxiXAr_-cZv6Q-54A</recordid><startdate>20131001</startdate><enddate>20131001</enddate><creator>Macdonald, Scott</creator><creator>Zhao, Jinhui</creator><creator>Martin, Gina</creator><creator>Brubacher, Jeff</creator><creator>Stockwell, Tim</creator><creator>Arason, Neil</creator><creator>Steinmetz, Susanne</creator><creator>Chan, Herbert</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131001</creationdate><title>The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada</title><author>Macdonald, Scott ; Zhao, Jinhui ; Martin, Gina ; Brubacher, Jeff ; Stockwell, Tim ; Arason, Neil ; Steinmetz, Susanne ; Chan, Herbert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0ef06006757e6ae9b7984b706c52a94d68612e446c553e8524dfb41194a37bd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Accidents, Traffic - legislation & jurisprudence</topic><topic>Accidents, Traffic - mortality</topic><topic>Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Alcohol Drinking - legislation & jurisprudence</topic><topic>Alcohol-related collision</topic><topic>Alcoholic Intoxication - epidemiology</topic><topic>Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning</topic><topic>Alcohols</topic><topic>Automobile Driving - legislation & jurisprudence</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>British Columbia</topic><topic>British Columbia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Collisions</topic><topic>Crime</topic><topic>Drinking</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immediate roadside prohibitions</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Interrupted time series design</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Prevention and actions</topic><topic>Property damage</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Time series analysis</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Macdonald, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jinhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Gina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brubacher, Jeff</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stockwell, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arason, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steinmetz, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Herbert</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Accident analysis and prevention</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Macdonald, Scott</au><au>Zhao, Jinhui</au><au>Martin, Gina</au><au>Brubacher, Jeff</au><au>Stockwell, Tim</au><au>Arason, Neil</au><au>Steinmetz, Susanne</au><au>Chan, Herbert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada</atitle><jtitle>Accident analysis and prevention</jtitle><addtitle>Accid Anal Prev</addtitle><date>2013-10-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>59</volume><spage>200</spage><epage>205</epage><pages>200-205</pages><issn>0001-4575</issn><eissn>1879-2057</eissn><abstract>•This study evaluates the impact of new laws in British Columbia, Canada, designed to reduce alcohol-related collisions.•The laws increased the efficiency for processing drinking drivers if offenders were not charged under the Criminal Code.•Canadian Criminal Code charges declined 68.2% resulting in partial decriminalization of drinking and driving.•The intervention was associated with significant reductions in three types of alcohol-related collisions.•Provincial laws for drinking drivers can be more efficient and effective than Canadian laws in reducing collisions.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of administrative sanctions introduced as part of a new law for drinking drivers in British Columbia, Canada. The new law, known as immediate roadside prohibitions (IRP), aimed to increase the efficiency of police and courts for processing drinking drivers, thereby increasing the certainty of their being apprehended and punished. However, in order to maintain these efficiencies, sanctions under this new law largely replaced laws under the Criminal Code of Canada for Driving While Impaired (DWI) by alcohol, which had more severe penalties but lower certainty of punishment. We examined whether the intervention was related to abrupt significant declines in three types of alcohol-related collisions (i.e. fatalities, injuries or property damage only) compared to the same type of collisions without alcohol involvement.
An interrupted time series design, with a non-equivalent control was used, testing for an intervention effect. Monthly rates of the three types of collisions with and without alcohol involvement were calculated for the 15-year period before and the 1-year period after implementation of the new law. ARIMA time series analysis was conducted controlling for trend effects, seasonality, autocorrelation, and collisions without alcohol.
Significant average declines (p<0.05) in alcohol-related collisions were found as follows: 40.4% for fatal collisions, 23.4% for injury collisions and 19.5% for property damage only collisions. No significant effects were found for any of the three comparable non-alcohol-related types of collisions.
These results suggest that provincial law of administrative sanctions for drinking drivers and associated publicity was more effective for minimizing alcohol-related collisions than laws under the Canadian Criminal Code.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>23792619</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.012</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0001-4575 |
| ispartof | Accident analysis and prevention, 2013-10, Vol.59, p.200-205 |
| issn | 0001-4575 1879-2057 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1762055526 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Accidents, Traffic - legislation & jurisprudence Accidents, Traffic - mortality Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data Alcohol Drinking - legislation & jurisprudence Alcohol-related collision Alcoholic Intoxication - epidemiology Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning Alcohols Automobile Driving - legislation & jurisprudence Biological and medical sciences British Columbia British Columbia - epidemiology Collisions Crime Drinking Humans Immediate roadside prohibitions Injuries Interrupted time series design Medical sciences Miscellaneous Prevention and actions Property damage Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Time series analysis Toxicology Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology |
| title | The impact on alcohol-related collisions of the partial decriminalization of impaired driving in British Columbia, Canada |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-25T21%3A18%3A13IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20impact%20on%20alcohol-related%20collisions%20of%20the%20partial%20decriminalization%20of%20impaired%20driving%20in%20British%20Columbia,%20Canada&rft.jtitle=Accident%20analysis%20and%20prevention&rft.au=Macdonald,%20Scott&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=59&rft.spage=200&rft.epage=205&rft.pages=200-205&rft.issn=0001-4575&rft.eissn=1879-2057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.012&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1660413317%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1431294405&rft_id=info:pmid/23792619&rft_els_id=S0001457513002030&rfr_iscdi=true |