Type 2 diabetes and the skeleton: new insights into sweet bones

Summary Substantial evidence shows that skeletal fragility should be considered among the complications associated with type 2 diabetes. Individuals with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk, despite normal bone mineral density (BMD) and high BMI–factors that are generally protective against...

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Veröffentlicht in:The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2016-02, Vol.4 (2), p.159-173
Hauptverfasser: Shanbhogue, Vikram V, MD, Mitchell, Deborah M, MD, Rosen, Clifford J, Prof, Bouxsein, Mary L, Dr
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container_title The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
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creator Shanbhogue, Vikram V, MD
Mitchell, Deborah M, MD
Rosen, Clifford J, Prof
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description Summary Substantial evidence shows that skeletal fragility should be considered among the complications associated with type 2 diabetes. Individuals with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk, despite normal bone mineral density (BMD) and high BMI–factors that are generally protective against fractures. The mechanisms underlying skeletal fragility in diabetes are not completely understood, but are multifactorial and likely include effects of obesity, hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and accumulation of advanced glycation end products, leading to altered bone metabolism, structure, and strength. Clinicians should be aware that BMD measurements underestimate fracture risk in people with type 2 diabetes, and that new treatments for diabetes, with neutral or positive effects on skeletal health, might play a part in the management of diabetes in those at high risk of fracture. Data for the optimum management of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce, but in the absence of evidence to the contrary, physicians should follow guidelines established for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Individuals with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk, despite normal bone mineral density (BMD) and high BMI–factors that are generally protective against fractures. The mechanisms underlying skeletal fragility in diabetes are not completely understood, but are multifactorial and likely include effects of obesity, hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and accumulation of advanced glycation end products, leading to altered bone metabolism, structure, and strength. Clinicians should be aware that BMD measurements underestimate fracture risk in people with type 2 diabetes, and that new treatments for diabetes, with neutral or positive effects on skeletal health, might play a part in the management of diabetes in those at high risk of fracture. Data for the optimum management of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce, but in the absence of evidence to the contrary, physicians should follow guidelines established for postmenopausal osteoporosis.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>26365605</pmid><doi>10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00283-1</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Bone and Bones - drug effects
Bone and Bones - metabolism
Bone Density
Bone Diseases - etiology
Bone Diseases - physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Female
Fractures, Bone - epidemiology
Fractures, Bone - etiology
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Middle Aged
Other
title Type 2 diabetes and the skeleton: new insights into sweet bones
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