Vertical distributions of nitrogen-fixing phylotypes at Stn ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean

Vertical distributions of nitrogen-fixing phylotypes at Stn ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean

In large areas of the world's oceans, biological dinitrogen (N sub(2)) fixation supports a significant fraction of ecosystem productivity; to date, however, there is little information on the abundances of specific diazotrophs in the ocean. In this study, the vertical distributions of several d...

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Veröffentlicht in:Aquatic microbial ecology : international journal 2005-01, Vol.38 (1), p.3-14
Hauptverfasser: CHURCH, Matthew J, JENKINS, Bethany D, KARL, David M, ZEHR, Jonathan P
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container_title Aquatic microbial ecology : international journal
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creator CHURCH, Matthew J
JENKINS, Bethany D
KARL, David M
ZEHR, Jonathan P
description In large areas of the world's oceans, biological dinitrogen (N sub(2)) fixation supports a significant fraction of ecosystem productivity; to date, however, there is little information on the abundances of specific diazotrophs in the ocean. In this study, the vertical distributions of several different groups of N sub(2)-fixing bacteria were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) amplification of group-specific dinitrogenase reductase (nifH) genes from Stn ALOHA in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Depth distributions (700 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)), nitrate-depleted (
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In this study, the vertical distributions of several different groups of N sub(2)-fixing bacteria were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) amplification of group-specific dinitrogenase reductase (nifH) genes from Stn ALOHA in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Depth distributions (&lt;200 m) of 3 cyanobacterial nifH phylotypes and 1 previously uncharacterized Cluster III nifH phylotype were evaluated. The nifH-containing cyanobacteria included sequence-types similar to Trichodesmium spp. and 2 nifH sequences closely related to unicellular cyanobacteria (termed Groups A and B). The Group A cyanobacteria (most closely related to Cyanothece sp.) were the most abundant of all phylotypes examined, comprising 2 x 10 super(5) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the high-irradiance (&gt;700 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)), nitrate-depleted (&lt;10 nmol l super(-1)) upper-ocean waters. Group B cyanobacterial phylotypes (most closely related to Crocosphaera watsonii) demonstrated a depth distribution similar to Group A, but Group B nifH abundance was considerably lower, averaging 2 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper photic zone. The abundance of Trichodesmium spp. ranged from 1 x 10 super(3) to 7 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper ocean, declining to &lt;100 nifH gene copies l super(-1) below the mixed layer ( similar to 82 m). The Cluster III nifH phylotype was the most abundant nifH phylotype in the dimly lit (&lt;12 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)) lower photic zone (&gt;100 m). 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Group B cyanobacterial phylotypes (most closely related to Crocosphaera watsonii) demonstrated a depth distribution similar to Group A, but Group B nifH abundance was considerably lower, averaging 2 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper photic zone. The abundance of Trichodesmium spp. ranged from 1 x 10 super(3) to 7 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper ocean, declining to &lt;100 nifH gene copies l super(-1) below the mixed layer ( similar to 82 m). The Cluster III nifH phylotype was the most abundant nifH phylotype in the dimly lit (&lt;12 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)) lower photic zone (&gt;100 m). 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Psychology</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>CHURCH, Matthew J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JENKINS, Bethany D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KARL, David M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZEHR, Jonathan P</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences &amp; Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Aquatic microbial ecology : international journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>CHURCH, Matthew J</au><au>JENKINS, Bethany D</au><au>KARL, David M</au><au>ZEHR, Jonathan P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vertical distributions of nitrogen-fixing phylotypes at Stn ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean</atitle><jtitle>Aquatic microbial ecology : international journal</jtitle><date>2005-01-21</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>3</spage><epage>14</epage><pages>3-14</pages><issn>0948-3055</issn><eissn>1616-1564</eissn><abstract>In large areas of the world's oceans, biological dinitrogen (N sub(2)) fixation supports a significant fraction of ecosystem productivity; to date, however, there is little information on the abundances of specific diazotrophs in the ocean. In this study, the vertical distributions of several different groups of N sub(2)-fixing bacteria were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) amplification of group-specific dinitrogenase reductase (nifH) genes from Stn ALOHA in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Depth distributions (&lt;200 m) of 3 cyanobacterial nifH phylotypes and 1 previously uncharacterized Cluster III nifH phylotype were evaluated. The nifH-containing cyanobacteria included sequence-types similar to Trichodesmium spp. and 2 nifH sequences closely related to unicellular cyanobacteria (termed Groups A and B). The Group A cyanobacteria (most closely related to Cyanothece sp.) were the most abundant of all phylotypes examined, comprising 2 x 10 super(5) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the high-irradiance (&gt;700 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)), nitrate-depleted (&lt;10 nmol l super(-1)) upper-ocean waters. Group B cyanobacterial phylotypes (most closely related to Crocosphaera watsonii) demonstrated a depth distribution similar to Group A, but Group B nifH abundance was considerably lower, averaging 2 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper photic zone. The abundance of Trichodesmium spp. ranged from 1 x 10 super(3) to 7 x 10 super(3) nifH gene copies l super(-1) in the upper ocean, declining to &lt;100 nifH gene copies l super(-1) below the mixed layer ( similar to 82 m). The Cluster III nifH phylotype was the most abundant nifH phylotype in the dimly lit (&lt;12 mu mol quanta m super(-2) s super(-1)) lower photic zone (&gt;100 m). These results revealed differences in the depth distributions of N sub(2)-fixing plankton at Stn ALOHA, and suggest that unicellular diazotrophs comprise a significant component of plankton biomass in this oligotrophic marine ecosystem.</abstract><cop>Oldendorf/Luhe</cop><pub>Inter-Research</pub><doi>10.3354/ame038003</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Bacteriology
Biological and medical sciences
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Marine
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
title Vertical distributions of nitrogen-fixing phylotypes at Stn ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean
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