An Evaluation of Employee Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Photocopy Centers
Personal and area samples from three copy centres were collected in thermal desorption tubes and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Real-time personal total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were measured using a data-logging photoionization detector. Fifty-four different VOCs were...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental research 2000-06, Vol.83 (2), p.162-173 |
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| creator | Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Breysse, Patrick N. Murray, Major Phillip M. Rooney, Brian C. Schaefer, John |
| description | Personal and area samples from three copy centres were collected in thermal desorption tubes and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Real-time personal total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were measured using a data-logging photoionization detector. Fifty-four different VOCs were detected in the area samples. The maximum concentration measured was 1132.0 ppb (toluene, copy center 3, day 1). Thirty-eight VOCs were detected in the personal samples and concentrations ranged from 0.1 ppb (1,1-biphenyl, p-dichlorobenzene, propylbenzene, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene) to 689.6 ppb (toluene). Real-time TVOC measurements indicated daily fluctuations in exposure, ranging from |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1006/enrs.2000.4061 |
| format | Article |
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Real-time personal total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were measured using a data-logging photoionization detector. Fifty-four different VOCs were detected in the area samples. The maximum concentration measured was 1132.0 ppb (toluene, copy center 3, day 1). Thirty-eight VOCs were detected in the personal samples and concentrations ranged from 0.1 ppb (1,1-biphenyl, p-dichlorobenzene, propylbenzene, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene) to 689.6 ppb (toluene). Real-time TVOC measurements indicated daily fluctuations in exposure, ranging from <71 to 21,300 ppb. The time-weighted average exposures for the photocopier operators on days 1 and 2 were 235 and 266 ppb and 6155 and 3683 ppb, in copy centers 2 and 3, respectively. Personal exposure measurements of individual VOCs were below accepted occupational standards and guidelines. For example, the maximum concentration was 0.3% of the permissible exposure limits (toluene, copy center 3). Exposures were highest in copy center 3; this is likely due to the presence of offset printing presses. It is concluded that photocopiers contribute a wide variety of VOCs to the indoor air of photocopy centers; however, exposures are at least 100 times below established standards.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-9351</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-0953</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1006/enrs.2000.4061</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10856189</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ENVRAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis ; Applied sciences ; Atmospheric pollution ; Copying Processes ; Exact sciences and technology ; Humans ; indoor air ; Indoor pollution and occupational exposure ; Occupational Exposure ; Organic Chemicals - analysis ; photocopiers ; photocopy centers ; photocopy machines ; Pollution ; Ventilation ; volatile organic compound ; Volatilization</subject><ispartof>Environmental research, 2000-06, Vol.83 (2), p.162-173</ispartof><rights>2000 Academic Press</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2000 Academic Press.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-95a89993e4393f441b649227e43aa525627e0189a83fedc65d692bcd0e30e7e13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-95a89993e4393f441b649227e43aa525627e0189a83fedc65d692bcd0e30e7e13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935100940611$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1427820$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10856189$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breysse, Patrick N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murray, Major Phillip M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rooney, Brian C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schaefer, John</creatorcontrib><title>An Evaluation of Employee Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Photocopy Centers</title><title>Environmental research</title><addtitle>Environ Res</addtitle><description>Personal and area samples from three copy centres were collected in thermal desorption tubes and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Real-time personal total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were measured using a data-logging photoionization detector. Fifty-four different VOCs were detected in the area samples. The maximum concentration measured was 1132.0 ppb (toluene, copy center 3, day 1). Thirty-eight VOCs were detected in the personal samples and concentrations ranged from 0.1 ppb (1,1-biphenyl, p-dichlorobenzene, propylbenzene, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene) to 689.6 ppb (toluene). Real-time TVOC measurements indicated daily fluctuations in exposure, ranging from <71 to 21,300 ppb. The time-weighted average exposures for the photocopier operators on days 1 and 2 were 235 and 266 ppb and 6155 and 3683 ppb, in copy centers 2 and 3, respectively. Personal exposure measurements of individual VOCs were below accepted occupational standards and guidelines. For example, the maximum concentration was 0.3% of the permissible exposure limits (toluene, copy center 3). Exposures were highest in copy center 3; this is likely due to the presence of offset printing presses. It is concluded that photocopiers contribute a wide variety of VOCs to the indoor air of photocopy centers; however, exposures are at least 100 times below established standards.</description><subject>Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Atmospheric pollution</subject><subject>Copying Processes</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>indoor air</subject><subject>Indoor pollution and occupational exposure</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure</subject><subject>Organic Chemicals - analysis</subject><subject>photocopiers</subject><subject>photocopy centers</subject><subject>photocopy machines</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Ventilation</subject><subject>volatile organic compound</subject><subject>Volatilization</subject><issn>0013-9351</issn><issn>1096-0953</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0DFP3DAUwHGroioH7doReUDdcn2OYyce0ekoSEgwUBYGy-e8FFeJHewEcd--Pt1JZUFM9pN-frL-hHxnsGQA8if6mJYlACwrkOwTWTBQsgAl-BFZADBeKC7YMTlJ6W8emeDwhRwzaIRkjVqQxwtP1y-mn83kgqeho-th7MMWka5fx5DmiHQK9CH0GfRIb-Mf452lqzCMYfZtos7T-6eY_d1TmIIN45au0E8Y01fyuTN9wm-H85T8vlzfr66Km9tf16uLm8IKXk-FEqZRSnGsuOJdVbGNrFRZ1nk2RpRC5ivkz5qGd9haKVqpyo1tATlgjYyfkh_7vWMMzzOmSQ8uWex74zHMSbNaQsMq_jGshCgZ1Bku99DGkFLETo_RDSZuNQO966533fWuu951zw_ODpvnzYDtG74PncH5AZhkTd9F461L_11V1k0JmTV7hrnXi8Ook3XoLbYuop10G9x7X_gHucadhw</recordid><startdate>20000601</startdate><enddate>20000601</enddate><creator>Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.</creator><creator>Breysse, Patrick N.</creator><creator>Murray, Major Phillip M.</creator><creator>Rooney, Brian C.</creator><creator>Schaefer, John</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000601</creationdate><title>An Evaluation of Employee Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Photocopy Centers</title><author>Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. ; Breysse, Patrick N. ; Murray, Major Phillip M. ; Rooney, Brian C. ; Schaefer, John</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-95a89993e4393f441b649227e43aa525627e0189a83fedc65d692bcd0e30e7e13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmospheric pollution</topic><topic>Copying Processes</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>indoor air</topic><topic>Indoor pollution and occupational exposure</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure</topic><topic>Organic Chemicals - analysis</topic><topic>photocopiers</topic><topic>photocopy centers</topic><topic>photocopy machines</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Ventilation</topic><topic>volatile organic compound</topic><topic>Volatilization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breysse, Patrick N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murray, Major Phillip M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rooney, Brian C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schaefer, John</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.</au><au>Breysse, Patrick N.</au><au>Murray, Major Phillip M.</au><au>Rooney, Brian C.</au><au>Schaefer, John</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An Evaluation of Employee Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Photocopy Centers</atitle><jtitle>Environmental research</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Res</addtitle><date>2000-06-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>83</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>162</spage><epage>173</epage><pages>162-173</pages><issn>0013-9351</issn><eissn>1096-0953</eissn><coden>ENVRAL</coden><abstract>Personal and area samples from three copy centres were collected in thermal desorption tubes and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Real-time personal total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were measured using a data-logging photoionization detector. Fifty-four different VOCs were detected in the area samples. The maximum concentration measured was 1132.0 ppb (toluene, copy center 3, day 1). Thirty-eight VOCs were detected in the personal samples and concentrations ranged from 0.1 ppb (1,1-biphenyl, p-dichlorobenzene, propylbenzene, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene) to 689.6 ppb (toluene). Real-time TVOC measurements indicated daily fluctuations in exposure, ranging from <71 to 21,300 ppb. The time-weighted average exposures for the photocopier operators on days 1 and 2 were 235 and 266 ppb and 6155 and 3683 ppb, in copy centers 2 and 3, respectively. Personal exposure measurements of individual VOCs were below accepted occupational standards and guidelines. For example, the maximum concentration was 0.3% of the permissible exposure limits (toluene, copy center 3). Exposures were highest in copy center 3; this is likely due to the presence of offset printing presses. It is concluded that photocopiers contribute a wide variety of VOCs to the indoor air of photocopy centers; however, exposures are at least 100 times below established standards.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>10856189</pmid><doi>10.1006/enrs.2000.4061</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis Applied sciences Atmospheric pollution Copying Processes Exact sciences and technology Humans indoor air Indoor pollution and occupational exposure Occupational Exposure Organic Chemicals - analysis photocopiers photocopy centers photocopy machines Pollution Ventilation volatile organic compound Volatilization |
| title | An Evaluation of Employee Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Photocopy Centers |
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