Natural organic matter fouling in pressure retarded osmosis

Fouling is one of the major challenges to be solved in order to commercialise osmotic power generation by pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). This paper deals with natural organic matter (NOM) fouling. The impact of i.a. NOM concentration and ionic strength in the freshwater feed have been investigated...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of membrane science 2013-07, Vol.438, p.46-56
Hauptverfasser: Thelin, Willy R., Sivertsen, Edvard, Holt, Torleif, Brekke, Geir
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Sivertsen, Edvard
Holt, Torleif
Brekke, Geir
description Fouling is one of the major challenges to be solved in order to commercialise osmotic power generation by pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). This paper deals with natural organic matter (NOM) fouling. The impact of i.a. NOM concentration and ionic strength in the freshwater feed have been investigated for five different types of PRO membranes by performing fouling experiments in PRO mode at isobaric conditions. An important finding was that fouling propensity in terms of relative flux decline as a function of accumulated NOM load was independent of the NOM concentration at otherwise identical conditions. Further, it was confirmed that increased ionic strength in the support structure, due to internal concentration polarisation and reverse salt diffusion, aggravates membrane fouling in PRO. The observed variation in fouling propensity between different types of PRO membranes was significant. The CA membrane was less susceptible to NOM fouling than the four TFC types of PRO membranes. It is anticipated that the variation in fouling propensity that were observed for different membranes was related to both material and structural properties of the membranes. The results show the importance of applying fouling propensity as an additional main criterion to membrane performance during future research and development of PRO membranes. •Five different types of PRO membranes have been tested for NOM fouling propensity.•Fouling propensity was found to be independent of NOM concentration.•Fouling propensity differed significantly among the different types of membranes.•Variations in fouling propensity were related to material and structural characteristics.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.03.020
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subjects Accumulated NOM load
artificial membranes
Chemistry
Colloidal state and disperse state
Exact sciences and technology
Flux decline
Fouling
freshwater
Freshwaters
General and physical chemistry
ionic strength
Membranes
Natural organic matter (NOM)
organic matter
Osmosis
Osmotic power
Power generation
Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO)
research and development
Strength
title Natural organic matter fouling in pressure retarded osmosis
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