Chemical characteristics and source of size-fractionated atmospheric particle in haze episode in Beijing
The abundance, behavior, and source of chemical species in size-fractionated atmospheric particle were studied with a 13-stage low pressure impactor (ELPI) during high polluted winter episode in Beijing. Thirty three elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Atmospheric research 2016-01, Vol.167, p.24-33 |
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| description | The abundance, behavior, and source of chemical species in size-fractionated atmospheric particle were studied with a 13-stage low pressure impactor (ELPI) during high polluted winter episode in Beijing. Thirty three elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl, and Pb) and eight water soluble ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) were determined by ICP/MS and IC, respectively. The size distribution of TC (OC+EC) was reconstructed. Averagely, 51.5±5.3% and 74.1±3.7% of the total aerosol mass was distributed in the sub-micron (PM1) and fine particle (PM2.5), respectively. A significant shift to larger fractions during heavy pollution episode was observed for aerosol mass, NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. The mass size distributions of NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, and K were dominated by accumulation mode. Size distributions of elements were classified into four main types: (I) elements were enriched within the accumulation mode ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.06.015 |
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•A significant shift to larger fractions was observed for many species during heavy episode.•Size distributions of elements were classified into four types.•Ca2+ should be fully considered in the estimation of acidity.•NH3 is not enough to neutralize sulfate in accumulation mode.•Secondary aerosol and long-range transportation was the important source of PM2.5.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0169-8095</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2895</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.06.015</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Elements ; Haze ; PM2.5 ; Source apportionment ; Water soluble ion</subject><ispartof>Atmospheric research, 2016-01, Vol.167, p.24-33</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-6c9f273baa1e803881485895e9531122627dad8c451df891cf67a4d02695c10c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-6c9f273baa1e803881485895e9531122627dad8c451df891cf67a4d02695c10c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169809515001908$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tan, Jihua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingchun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhen, Naijia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Kebin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Jiming</creatorcontrib><title>Chemical characteristics and source of size-fractionated atmospheric particle in haze episode in Beijing</title><title>Atmospheric research</title><description>The abundance, behavior, and source of chemical species in size-fractionated atmospheric particle were studied with a 13-stage low pressure impactor (ELPI) during high polluted winter episode in Beijing. Thirty three elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl, and Pb) and eight water soluble ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) were determined by ICP/MS and IC, respectively. The size distribution of TC (OC+EC) was reconstructed. Averagely, 51.5±5.3% and 74.1±3.7% of the total aerosol mass was distributed in the sub-micron (PM1) and fine particle (PM2.5), respectively. A significant shift to larger fractions during heavy pollution episode was observed for aerosol mass, NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. The mass size distributions of NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, and K were dominated by accumulation mode. Size distributions of elements were classified into four main types: (I) elements were enriched within the accumulation mode (<1μm, Ge, Se, Ag, Sn, Sb, Cs, Hg, Ti, and Pb); (II) those mass (K, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, and Cd) was resided mainly within the accumulation mode, ranged from 1 to 2μm; (III) Na, V, Co, Ni, and Ga were distributed among fine, intermediate, and coarse modes; and (IV) those which were mainly found within particles larger than 2.7μm (Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Tl, Fe, Sr, Zr, and Ba). [H+]cor showed an accumulation mode at 600–700nm and the role of Ca2+ should be fully considered in the estimation of acidity. The acidity in accumulation mode particles suggested that generally gaseous NH3 was not enough to neutralize sulfate completely. PMF method was applied for source apportionment of elements combined with water soluble ions. Dust, vehicle, aged coal combustion, and sea salt were identified, and the size resolved source apportionments were discussed. Aged coal combustion was the important source of fine particles and dust contributed most to coarse particle.
•A significant shift to larger fractions was observed for many species during heavy episode.•Size distributions of elements were classified into four types.•Ca2+ should be fully considered in the estimation of acidity.•NH3 is not enough to neutralize sulfate in accumulation mode.•Secondary aerosol and long-range transportation was the important source of PM2.5.</description><subject>Elements</subject><subject>Haze</subject><subject>PM2.5</subject><subject>Source apportionment</subject><subject>Water soluble ion</subject><issn>0169-8095</issn><issn>1873-2895</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1LxDAQhoMouH78BcnRS2umbdr0pi5-geBFzyFOpjZLt6lJV9Bfb9bVs6eXgeedYR7GzkDkIKC-WOVmXvsYKOaFAJmLOk-xxxagmjIrVCv32SKBbaZEKw_ZUYwrIYQUVbtg_bKntUMzcOxNMDhTcHF2GLkZLY9-E5C473h0X5R1W8D50cxk-c_RqU888smE1BmIu5H35os4TS56-zNfk1u58e2EHXRmiHT6m8fs5fbmeXmfPT7dPSyvHjOsAOasxrYrmvLVGCAlSqWgUjK9QK0sAYqiLhprrMJKgu1UC9jVjamsKOpWIggsj9n5bu8U_PuG4qzXLiINgxnJb6KGRkKRvEGZ0HqHYvAx-ev0FNzahE8NQm_V6pX-U6u3arWodYpUvNwVKT3y4SjoiI5GJOsC4aytd_-t-AZQDIbl</recordid><startdate>20160101</startdate><enddate>20160101</enddate><creator>Tan, Jihua</creator><creator>Duan, Jingchun</creator><creator>Zhen, Naijia</creator><creator>He, Kebin</creator><creator>Hao, Jiming</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160101</creationdate><title>Chemical characteristics and source of size-fractionated atmospheric particle in haze episode in Beijing</title><author>Tan, Jihua ; Duan, Jingchun ; Zhen, Naijia ; He, Kebin ; Hao, Jiming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-6c9f273baa1e803881485895e9531122627dad8c451df891cf67a4d02695c10c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Elements</topic><topic>Haze</topic><topic>PM2.5</topic><topic>Source apportionment</topic><topic>Water soluble ion</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tan, Jihua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingchun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhen, Naijia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Kebin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Jiming</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Atmospheric research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tan, Jihua</au><au>Duan, Jingchun</au><au>Zhen, Naijia</au><au>He, Kebin</au><au>Hao, Jiming</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemical characteristics and source of size-fractionated atmospheric particle in haze episode in Beijing</atitle><jtitle>Atmospheric research</jtitle><date>2016-01-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>167</volume><spage>24</spage><epage>33</epage><pages>24-33</pages><issn>0169-8095</issn><eissn>1873-2895</eissn><abstract>The abundance, behavior, and source of chemical species in size-fractionated atmospheric particle were studied with a 13-stage low pressure impactor (ELPI) during high polluted winter episode in Beijing. Thirty three elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl, and Pb) and eight water soluble ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) were determined by ICP/MS and IC, respectively. The size distribution of TC (OC+EC) was reconstructed. Averagely, 51.5±5.3% and 74.1±3.7% of the total aerosol mass was distributed in the sub-micron (PM1) and fine particle (PM2.5), respectively. A significant shift to larger fractions during heavy pollution episode was observed for aerosol mass, NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. The mass size distributions of NH4+, SO42−, NO3−, and K were dominated by accumulation mode. Size distributions of elements were classified into four main types: (I) elements were enriched within the accumulation mode (<1μm, Ge, Se, Ag, Sn, Sb, Cs, Hg, Ti, and Pb); (II) those mass (K, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, and Cd) was resided mainly within the accumulation mode, ranged from 1 to 2μm; (III) Na, V, Co, Ni, and Ga were distributed among fine, intermediate, and coarse modes; and (IV) those which were mainly found within particles larger than 2.7μm (Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Tl, Fe, Sr, Zr, and Ba). [H+]cor showed an accumulation mode at 600–700nm and the role of Ca2+ should be fully considered in the estimation of acidity. The acidity in accumulation mode particles suggested that generally gaseous NH3 was not enough to neutralize sulfate completely. PMF method was applied for source apportionment of elements combined with water soluble ions. Dust, vehicle, aged coal combustion, and sea salt were identified, and the size resolved source apportionments were discussed. Aged coal combustion was the important source of fine particles and dust contributed most to coarse particle.
•A significant shift to larger fractions was observed for many species during heavy episode.•Size distributions of elements were classified into four types.•Ca2+ should be fully considered in the estimation of acidity.•NH3 is not enough to neutralize sulfate in accumulation mode.•Secondary aerosol and long-range transportation was the important source of PM2.5.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.06.015</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Elements Haze PM2.5 Source apportionment Water soluble ion |
| title | Chemical characteristics and source of size-fractionated atmospheric particle in haze episode in Beijing |
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