Global Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Farmed and Wild Salmon
We have shown recently that levels of persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and several chlorinated pesticides) are significantly higher in farmed than in wild salmon and that European farm-raised salmon have significantly greater toxic contaminant loads than...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2004-10, Vol.38 (19), p.4945-4949 |
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| creator | Hites, Ronald A Foran, Jeffery A Schwager, Steven J Knuth, Barbara A Hamilton, M. Coreen Carpenter, David O |
| description | We have shown recently that levels of persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and several chlorinated pesticides) are significantly higher in farmed than in wild salmon and that European farm-raised salmon have significantly greater toxic contaminant loads than those raised in North and South America. In this paper, we extend these results to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and show that farm-raised salmon have higher levels of these compounds than wild salmon. We also show that farm-raised salmon from Europe have higher PBDE levels than those raised in North America and that both European and North American farm-raised salmon have higher PBDE levels than those farm-raised in Chile. Among the species of wild salmon, chinook had significantly elevated PBDE levels relative to the other wild species. These elevated PBDE levels may be related to chinook's feeding behavior and trophic level. Among all of the wild species we studied, chinook tend to feed higher in the food web throughout their adult life and grow to be larger individuals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es049548m |
| format | Article |
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Coreen ; Carpenter, David O</creator><creatorcontrib>Hites, Ronald A ; Foran, Jeffery A ; Schwager, Steven J ; Knuth, Barbara A ; Hamilton, M. Coreen ; Carpenter, David O</creatorcontrib><description>We have shown recently that levels of persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and several chlorinated pesticides) are significantly higher in farmed than in wild salmon and that European farm-raised salmon have significantly greater toxic contaminant loads than those raised in North and South America. In this paper, we extend these results to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and show that farm-raised salmon have higher levels of these compounds than wild salmon. We also show that farm-raised salmon from Europe have higher PBDE levels than those raised in North America and that both European and North American farm-raised salmon have higher PBDE levels than those farm-raised in Chile. Among the species of wild salmon, chinook had significantly elevated PBDE levels relative to the other wild species. These elevated PBDE levels may be related to chinook's feeding behavior and trophic level. Among all of the wild species we studied, chinook tend to feed higher in the food web throughout their adult life and grow to be larger individuals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es049548m</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15506184</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Agnatha. 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Psychology ; North America ; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ; PCB ; Polybrominated Biphenyls - analysis ; Polybrominated Biphenyls - pharmacokinetics ; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Salmo ; Salmon ; Salmonidae ; Toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2004-10, Vol.38 (19), p.4945-4949</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2004 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Oct 1, 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a565t-c5fc2d169b32762be783eb21e445dafbfc642dac7756dd57e7e10c0980b756593</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a565t-c5fc2d169b32762be783eb21e445dafbfc642dac7756dd57e7e10c0980b756593</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es049548m$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es049548m$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2752,27053,27901,27902,56713,56763</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16172778$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15506184$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hites, Ronald A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foran, Jeffery A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwager, Steven J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knuth, Barbara A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamilton, M. Coreen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carpenter, David O</creatorcontrib><title>Global Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Farmed and Wild Salmon</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>We have shown recently that levels of persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and several chlorinated pesticides) are significantly higher in farmed than in wild salmon and that European farm-raised salmon have significantly greater toxic contaminant loads than those raised in North and South America. In this paper, we extend these results to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and show that farm-raised salmon have higher levels of these compounds than wild salmon. We also show that farm-raised salmon from Europe have higher PBDE levels than those raised in North America and that both European and North American farm-raised salmon have higher PBDE levels than those farm-raised in Chile. Among the species of wild salmon, chinook had significantly elevated PBDE levels relative to the other wild species. These elevated PBDE levels may be related to chinook's feeding behavior and trophic level. Among all of the wild species we studied, chinook tend to feed higher in the food web throughout their adult life and grow to be larger individuals.</description><subject>Agnatha. Pisces</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Wild</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Aquaculture</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</subject><subject>Ethers</subject><subject>Europe</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior</subject><subject>Fisheries</subject><subject>Food Chain</subject><subject>Food chains</subject><subject>Food Contamination</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Psychology</topic><topic>North America</topic><topic>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</topic><topic>PCB</topic><topic>Polybrominated Biphenyls - analysis</topic><topic>Polybrominated Biphenyls - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers</topic><topic>Polychlorinated biphenyls</topic><topic>Salmo</topic><topic>Salmon</topic><topic>Salmonidae</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hites, Ronald A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foran, Jeffery A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwager, Steven J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knuth, Barbara A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamilton, M. 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Coreen</au><au>Carpenter, David O</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Global Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Farmed and Wild Salmon</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2004-10-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>4945</spage><epage>4949</epage><pages>4945-4949</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>We have shown recently that levels of persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and several chlorinated pesticides) are significantly higher in farmed than in wild salmon and that European farm-raised salmon have significantly greater toxic contaminant loads than those raised in North and South America. 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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2004-10, Vol.38 (19), p.4945-4949 |
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| source | American Chemical Society; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Agnatha. Pisces Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Animals, Wild Applied ecology Aquaculture Biological and medical sciences Comparative analysis Contamination Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates Ethers Europe Feeding Behavior Fisheries Food Chain Food chains Food Contamination Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology North America Oncorhynchus tshawytscha PCB Polybrominated Biphenyls - analysis Polybrominated Biphenyls - pharmacokinetics Polybrominated diphenyl ethers Polychlorinated biphenyls Salmo Salmon Salmonidae Toxicity Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics |
| title | Global Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Farmed and Wild Salmon |
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