Effects of pepper grenade explosions on non-combatant bystanders
Pepper gas is used for riot control in many parts of the world. Yet, its effects on bystanders are largely unreported. We fielded a questionnaire-based survey of 500 bystanders exposed to gas when police used pepper grenades against belligerent 'stone-pelters' in the northern Indian state...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of public health policy 2014-11, Vol.35 (4), p.499-505 |
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| creator | Koul, Parvaiz A. Mir, Hyder Shah, Tajamul H. Bagdadi, Farhana Khan, Umar Hafiz |
| description | Pepper gas is used for riot control in many parts of the world. Yet, its effects on bystanders are largely unreported. We fielded a questionnaire-based survey of 500 bystanders exposed to gas when police used pepper grenades against belligerent 'stone-pelters' in the northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Of 294 non-combatants who consented to participate in our survey, 97 per cent developed cough and irritation of the throat within few seconds of breathing the pungent smelling gas. They reported respiratory problems, dermatologie symptoms, sleep disturbances, and mood changes with varying frequency. Sixteen reported exacerbations of underlying respiratory disorders, with one temporally related to death.Symptoms led 51 to get medical attention. Nearly all respondents reported that symptoms recurred on re-exposure. We conclude that use of pepper grenades can cause serious acute symptoms in non-combatants accidentally exposed. We recommend alternate methods of riot control - water cannons, baton charges, tasers, plastic or rubber bullets, and so on - that have no collateral side effects on noncombatants be considered for routine use. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1057/jphp.2014.15 |
| format | Article |
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Yet, its effects on bystanders are largely unreported. We fielded a questionnaire-based survey of 500 bystanders exposed to gas when police used pepper grenades against belligerent 'stone-pelters' in the northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Of 294 non-combatants who consented to participate in our survey, 97 per cent developed cough and irritation of the throat within few seconds of breathing the pungent smelling gas. They reported respiratory problems, dermatologie symptoms, sleep disturbances, and mood changes with varying frequency. Sixteen reported exacerbations of underlying respiratory disorders, with one temporally related to death.Symptoms led 51 to get medical attention. Nearly all respondents reported that symptoms recurred on re-exposure. We conclude that use of pepper grenades can cause serious acute symptoms in non-combatants accidentally exposed. We recommend alternate methods of riot control - water cannons, baton charges, tasers, plastic or rubber bullets, and so on - that have no collateral side effects on noncombatants be considered for routine use.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0197-5897</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1745-655X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1057/jphp.2014.15</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24831677</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Palgrave Macmillan</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asthma ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Cough ; Cough - chemically induced ; Crowd control ; Equality and Human Rights ; Explosions ; Female ; Gas, fumes ; Grenades ; Health policy ; Humans ; India ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Inhalation Exposure - adverse effects ; Irritation ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Medical Sociology ; Medicine ; Middle Aged ; Original Article ; Pepper spray ; Peppers ; Plant Extracts - adverse effects ; Police ; Public Health ; Publishing industry ; Questionnaires ; Respiratory function ; Riot control ; Security personnel ; Social Justice ; Social Policy ; Social Sciences ; Sociology ; Studies ; Symptoms ; Tear Gases - adverse effects ; Toxicology ; Vegetables ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of public health policy, 2014-11, Vol.35 (4), p.499-505</ispartof><rights>2014 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.</rights><rights>Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2014</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-ceedf77079ede5e92764adb79a14e16002b2ee43ae6c6638ed789f3b49939edb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-ceedf77079ede5e92764adb79a14e16002b2ee43ae6c6638ed789f3b49939edb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/43288052$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/43288052$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,12825,27843,27901,27902,30976,41464,42533,51294,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28872000$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24831677$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Koul, Parvaiz A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mir, Hyder</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Tajamul H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bagdadi, Farhana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Umar Hafiz</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of pepper grenade explosions on non-combatant bystanders</title><title>Journal of public health policy</title><addtitle>J Public Health Pol</addtitle><addtitle>J Public Health Policy</addtitle><description>Pepper gas is used for riot control in many parts of the world. Yet, its effects on bystanders are largely unreported. We fielded a questionnaire-based survey of 500 bystanders exposed to gas when police used pepper grenades against belligerent 'stone-pelters' in the northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Of 294 non-combatants who consented to participate in our survey, 97 per cent developed cough and irritation of the throat within few seconds of breathing the pungent smelling gas. They reported respiratory problems, dermatologie symptoms, sleep disturbances, and mood changes with varying frequency. Sixteen reported exacerbations of underlying respiratory disorders, with one temporally related to death.Symptoms led 51 to get medical attention. Nearly all respondents reported that symptoms recurred on re-exposure. We conclude that use of pepper grenades can cause serious acute symptoms in non-combatants accidentally exposed. We recommend alternate methods of riot control - water cannons, baton charges, tasers, plastic or rubber bullets, and so on - that have no collateral side effects on noncombatants be considered for routine use.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. 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Yet, its effects on bystanders are largely unreported. We fielded a questionnaire-based survey of 500 bystanders exposed to gas when police used pepper grenades against belligerent 'stone-pelters' in the northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Of 294 non-combatants who consented to participate in our survey, 97 per cent developed cough and irritation of the throat within few seconds of breathing the pungent smelling gas. They reported respiratory problems, dermatologie symptoms, sleep disturbances, and mood changes with varying frequency. Sixteen reported exacerbations of underlying respiratory disorders, with one temporally related to death.Symptoms led 51 to get medical attention. Nearly all respondents reported that symptoms recurred on re-exposure. We conclude that use of pepper grenades can cause serious acute symptoms in non-combatants accidentally exposed. We recommend alternate methods of riot control - water cannons, baton charges, tasers, plastic or rubber bullets, and so on - that have no collateral side effects on noncombatants be considered for routine use.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Palgrave Macmillan</pub><pmid>24831677</pmid><doi>10.1057/jphp.2014.15</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; PAIS Index |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Aged Aged, 80 and over Asthma Biological and medical sciences Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases Child Child, Preschool Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cough Cough - chemically induced Crowd control Equality and Human Rights Explosions Female Gas, fumes Grenades Health policy Humans India Infant Inflammation Inhalation Exposure - adverse effects Irritation Male Medical sciences Medical Sociology Medicine Middle Aged Original Article Pepper spray Peppers Plant Extracts - adverse effects Police Public Health Publishing industry Questionnaires Respiratory function Riot control Security personnel Social Justice Social Policy Social Sciences Sociology Studies Symptoms Tear Gases - adverse effects Toxicology Vegetables Young Adult |
| title | Effects of pepper grenade explosions on non-combatant bystanders |
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