Natural Hydrocarbon Background in Benthic Sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska: Oil vs Coal
The source of the background hydrocarbons in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound (PWS), AK, where the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) occurred, has been ascribed to oil seeps in coastal areas of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We present evidence that coal is a more plausible source, including (i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental Science and Technology 1999-01, Vol.33 (1), p.34-42 |
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| creator | Short, Jeffrey W Kvenvolden, Keith A Carlson, Paul R Hostettler, Frances D Rosenbauer, Robert J Wright, Bruce A |
| description | The source of the background hydrocarbons in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound (PWS), AK, where the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) occurred, has been ascribed to oil seeps in coastal areas of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We present evidence that coal is a more plausible source, including (i) high concentrations of total PAH (TPAH), between 1670 and 3070 ng/g, in continental shelf sediments adjacent to the coastal region containing extensive coal deposits; (ii) PAH composition patterns of sediments along with predictive models that are consistent with coal but not oil; (iii) low ratios ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es980130w |
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We present evidence that coal is a more plausible source, including (i) high concentrations of total PAH (TPAH), between 1670 and 3070 ng/g, in continental shelf sediments adjacent to the coastal region containing extensive coal deposits; (ii) PAH composition patterns of sediments along with predictive models that are consistent with coal but not oil; (iii) low ratios (<0.2) of triaromatic steranes to methylchrysenes found in sediments and coals, contrasting with the high ratios (11 and 13) found in seep oil; and (iv) bioaccumulation of PAH in salmon collected within 100 m of the Katalla oil seeps but not in filter-feeding mussels collected near oilfield drainages 9 km from the seeps, indicating negligible transport of bioavailable PAH from Katalla seeps to the GOA. In contrast with oil, PAH in coal are not bioavailable, so the presence of coal in these benthic sediments confers no adaptive benefit to biota of the marine ecosystem with respect to PAH insults from anthropogenic sources.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es980130w</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT ; 02 PETROLEUM ; ALASKA ; Applied sciences ; BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION ; BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, APPLIED STUDIES ; COAL ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; ESTUARIES ; Exact sciences and technology ; Hydrocarbons ; Mytilidae ; Oil ; OIL SPILLS ; Pollution ; POLLUTION SOURCES ; Pollution sources. Measurement results ; Pollution, environment geology ; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ; SALMON ; Salmonidae ; SEDIMENTS ; Soil and sediments pollution ; USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound ; WATER POLLUTION ; Waterways</subject><ispartof>Environmental Science and Technology, 1999-01, Vol.33 (1), p.34-42</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1998 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Jan 1, 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a431t-4f63afe65a2964e9852c00de07a26a0157b0562a8e2de4285841f12d10130daf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a431t-4f63afe65a2964e9852c00de07a26a0157b0562a8e2de4285841f12d10130daf3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es980130w$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es980130w$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,881,2752,4010,27053,27900,27901,27902,56713,56763</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1636058$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/298233$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Short, Jeffrey W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kvenvolden, Keith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carlson, Paul R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hostettler, Frances D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenbauer, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Bruce A</creatorcontrib><title>Natural Hydrocarbon Background in Benthic Sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska: Oil vs Coal</title><title>Environmental Science and Technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>The source of the background hydrocarbons in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound (PWS), AK, where the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) occurred, has been ascribed to oil seeps in coastal areas of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We present evidence that coal is a more plausible source, including (i) high concentrations of total PAH (TPAH), between 1670 and 3070 ng/g, in continental shelf sediments adjacent to the coastal region containing extensive coal deposits; (ii) PAH composition patterns of sediments along with predictive models that are consistent with coal but not oil; (iii) low ratios (<0.2) of triaromatic steranes to methylchrysenes found in sediments and coals, contrasting with the high ratios (11 and 13) found in seep oil; and (iv) bioaccumulation of PAH in salmon collected within 100 m of the Katalla oil seeps but not in filter-feeding mussels collected near oilfield drainages 9 km from the seeps, indicating negligible transport of bioavailable PAH from Katalla seeps to the GOA. In contrast with oil, PAH in coal are not bioavailable, so the presence of coal in these benthic sediments confers no adaptive benefit to biota of the marine ecosystem with respect to PAH insults from anthropogenic sources.</description><subject>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT</subject><subject>02 PETROLEUM</subject><subject>ALASKA</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION</subject><subject>BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, APPLIED STUDIES</subject><subject>COAL</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>ESTUARIES</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Mytilidae</subject><subject>Oil</subject><subject>OIL SPILLS</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>POLLUTION SOURCES</subject><subject>Pollution sources. Measurement results</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS</subject><subject>SALMON</subject><subject>Salmonidae</subject><subject>SEDIMENTS</subject><subject>Soil and sediments pollution</subject><subject>USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound</subject><subject>WATER POLLUTION</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpl0c1u1DAQAGALUYml5cAbGARISA34J3YcbmWBLqKiFbsIbtbUcai7XrvYCdBbr7wmT4JXqVoJTv77PDP2IPSQkheUMPrS5lYRysnPO2hGBSOVUILeRTNSNquWy6_30P2czwkhjBM1Q-YjDGMCjxeXXYoG0mkM-DWY9bcUx9BhV1Y2DGfO4KXt3KbMM449PkkuGIu_OO8dbPByi_fxgYe8hld_rn7jY-fxj4znEfwe2unBZ_vgetxFn9-9Xc0X1dHx4fv5wVEFNadDVfeSQ2-lANbK2rZKMENIZ0kDTAKhojklQjJQlnW2ZkqomvaUdXT73g56voseTXFjHpzOxg3WnJkYgjWDZq1inBfzbDIXKX4fbR70xmVjvYdg45g1bXgrW7WFj_-B53FModSvy89R1gjeFPR8QibFnJPt9UVyG0iXmhK97Ye-6UexT64DQjbg-wTBuHx7QXJJhCqsmpjLg_11cwxprWXDG6FXJ0u9OmTyzWrxQX8q_unkweTbEv9P_xfNjKPI</recordid><startdate>19990101</startdate><enddate>19990101</enddate><creator>Short, Jeffrey W</creator><creator>Kvenvolden, Keith A</creator><creator>Carlson, Paul R</creator><creator>Hostettler, Frances D</creator><creator>Rosenbauer, Robert J</creator><creator>Wright, Bruce A</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990101</creationdate><title>Natural Hydrocarbon Background in Benthic Sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska: Oil vs Coal</title><author>Short, Jeffrey W ; Kvenvolden, Keith A ; Carlson, Paul R ; Hostettler, Frances D ; Rosenbauer, Robert J ; Wright, Bruce A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a431t-4f63afe65a2964e9852c00de07a26a0157b0562a8e2de4285841f12d10130daf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT</topic><topic>02 PETROLEUM</topic><topic>ALASKA</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION</topic><topic>BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, APPLIED STUDIES</topic><topic>COAL</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>ESTUARIES</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Mytilidae</topic><topic>Oil</topic><topic>OIL SPILLS</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>POLLUTION SOURCES</topic><topic>Pollution sources. Measurement results</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS</topic><topic>SALMON</topic><topic>Salmonidae</topic><topic>SEDIMENTS</topic><topic>Soil and sediments pollution</topic><topic>USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound</topic><topic>WATER POLLUTION</topic><topic>Waterways</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Short, Jeffrey W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kvenvolden, Keith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carlson, Paul R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hostettler, Frances D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenbauer, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Bruce A</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Environmental Science and Technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Short, Jeffrey W</au><au>Kvenvolden, Keith A</au><au>Carlson, Paul R</au><au>Hostettler, Frances D</au><au>Rosenbauer, Robert J</au><au>Wright, Bruce A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Natural Hydrocarbon Background in Benthic Sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska: Oil vs Coal</atitle><jtitle>Environmental Science and Technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>1999-01-01</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>34</spage><epage>42</epage><pages>34-42</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>The source of the background hydrocarbons in benthic sediments of Prince William Sound (PWS), AK, where the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) occurred, has been ascribed to oil seeps in coastal areas of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We present evidence that coal is a more plausible source, including (i) high concentrations of total PAH (TPAH), between 1670 and 3070 ng/g, in continental shelf sediments adjacent to the coastal region containing extensive coal deposits; (ii) PAH composition patterns of sediments along with predictive models that are consistent with coal but not oil; (iii) low ratios (<0.2) of triaromatic steranes to methylchrysenes found in sediments and coals, contrasting with the high ratios (11 and 13) found in seep oil; and (iv) bioaccumulation of PAH in salmon collected within 100 m of the Katalla oil seeps but not in filter-feeding mussels collected near oilfield drainages 9 km from the seeps, indicating negligible transport of bioavailable PAH from Katalla seeps to the GOA. In contrast with oil, PAH in coal are not bioavailable, so the presence of coal in these benthic sediments confers no adaptive benefit to biota of the marine ecosystem with respect to PAH insults from anthropogenic sources.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><doi>10.1021/es980130w</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT 02 PETROLEUM ALASKA Applied sciences BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, APPLIED STUDIES COAL Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ESTUARIES Exact sciences and technology Hydrocarbons Mytilidae Oil OIL SPILLS Pollution POLLUTION SOURCES Pollution sources. Measurement results Pollution, environment geology POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS SALMON Salmonidae SEDIMENTS Soil and sediments pollution USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound WATER POLLUTION Waterways |
| title | Natural Hydrocarbon Background in Benthic Sediments of Prince William Sound, Alaska: Oil vs Coal |
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