Regulation of Gross Growth Efficiency and Ammonium Regeneration in Bacteria by Substrate C:N Ratio
Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were cultured on combinations of C and N sources (amino acids, glucose, and NH4 +) to span a range of substrate C:N ratios from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1. Catabolic metabolism of the N component of amino acid substrates led to NH4 +regeneration during exponential growth....
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Veröffentlicht in: | Limnology and oceanography 1987-11, Vol.32 (6), p.1239-1252 |
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creator | Goldman, Joel C. Caron, David A. Dennett, Mark R. |
description | Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were cultured on combinations of C and N sources (amino acids, glucose, and NH4
+) to span a range of substrate C:N ratios from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1. Catabolic metabolism of the N component of amino acid substrates led to NH4
+regeneration during exponential growth. The efficiency of this regeneration (RN) and also of the carbon gross growth efficiency (GGE) generally was independent of the sources of C and N, but increased as the C:N ratio of the substrate (C:Ns) decreased relative to the C:N ratio of the bacterial biomass (C:NB). The elemental chemical composition (C:N:P ratio) of the bacterial biomass was relatively invariant at about 45:9:1 and the gross growth efficiency varied from a threshold value of about 40-50% at$C:N_s > 6: 1$up to 94% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Hence, RNvaried from 0% when C:Nswas 10:1 up to 86% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Inorganic sources of both N and P were taken up only in stoichiometric quantities during this phase of growth. Regeneration of NH4
+during the stationary phase as well as of PO4
3- occurred most likely due to endogenous metabolism or cell death, but the magnitude of this regeneration seemed to increase greatly only when C:Nswas >6:1. Considering that amino acids frequently do not provide all of the N required and that carbohydrates often are the major C source for growth of marine bacteria, we speculate that C:Nsof available substrates in marine waters is > 10:1. Hence, actively growing bacteria may be inefficient remineralizers of N. |
doi_str_mv | 10.4319/lo.1987.32.6.1239 |
format | Article |
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+) to span a range of substrate C:N ratios from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1. Catabolic metabolism of the N component of amino acid substrates led to NH4
+regeneration during exponential growth. The efficiency of this regeneration (RN) and also of the carbon gross growth efficiency (GGE) generally was independent of the sources of C and N, but increased as the C:N ratio of the substrate (C:Ns) decreased relative to the C:N ratio of the bacterial biomass (C:NB). The elemental chemical composition (C:N:P ratio) of the bacterial biomass was relatively invariant at about 45:9:1 and the gross growth efficiency varied from a threshold value of about 40-50% at$C:N_s > 6: 1$up to 94% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Hence, RNvaried from 0% when C:Nswas 10:1 up to 86% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Inorganic sources of both N and P were taken up only in stoichiometric quantities during this phase of growth. Regeneration of NH4
+during the stationary phase as well as of PO4
3- occurred most likely due to endogenous metabolism or cell death, but the magnitude of this regeneration seemed to increase greatly only when C:Nswas >6:1. Considering that amino acids frequently do not provide all of the N required and that carbohydrates often are the major C source for growth of marine bacteria, we speculate that C:Nsof available substrates in marine waters is > 10:1. Hence, actively growing bacteria may be inefficient remineralizers of N.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0024-3590</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-5590</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4319/lo.1987.32.6.1239</identifier><identifier>CODEN: LIOCAH</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Waco, TX: American Society of Limnology and Oceanography</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Atoms ; Bacteria ; Bacterial biomass ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carbon ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Microbial ecology ; Nitrogen ; Organic foods ; Phosphorus ; Sea water ; Steepest descent method ; Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)</subject><ispartof>Limnology and oceanography, 1987-11, Vol.32 (6), p.1239-1252</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1987 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.</rights><rights>1989 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2836920$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2836920$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=7193635$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goldman, Joel C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caron, David A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dennett, Mark R.</creatorcontrib><title>Regulation of Gross Growth Efficiency and Ammonium Regeneration in Bacteria by Substrate C:N Ratio</title><title>Limnology and oceanography</title><description>Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were cultured on combinations of C and N sources (amino acids, glucose, and NH4
+) to span a range of substrate C:N ratios from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1. Catabolic metabolism of the N component of amino acid substrates led to NH4
+regeneration during exponential growth. The efficiency of this regeneration (RN) and also of the carbon gross growth efficiency (GGE) generally was independent of the sources of C and N, but increased as the C:N ratio of the substrate (C:Ns) decreased relative to the C:N ratio of the bacterial biomass (C:NB). The elemental chemical composition (C:N:P ratio) of the bacterial biomass was relatively invariant at about 45:9:1 and the gross growth efficiency varied from a threshold value of about 40-50% at$C:N_s > 6: 1$up to 94% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Hence, RNvaried from 0% when C:Nswas 10:1 up to 86% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Inorganic sources of both N and P were taken up only in stoichiometric quantities during this phase of growth. Regeneration of NH4
+during the stationary phase as well as of PO4
3- occurred most likely due to endogenous metabolism or cell death, but the magnitude of this regeneration seemed to increase greatly only when C:Nswas >6:1. Considering that amino acids frequently do not provide all of the N required and that carbohydrates often are the major C source for growth of marine bacteria, we speculate that C:Nsof available substrates in marine waters is > 10:1. Hence, actively growing bacteria may be inefficient remineralizers of N.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Atoms</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial biomass</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Microbial ecology</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Organic foods</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Sea water</subject><subject>Steepest descent method</subject><subject>Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)</subject><issn>0024-3590</issn><issn>1939-5590</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1987</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9kM1KAzEUhYMoWKsPILjIQtzNmN9J466WWoWiUHU9JGmiKTNJTWaQvr1TWtzce-F858C5AFxjVDKK5X0TSywnoqSkrEpMqDwBIyypLDiX6BSMECKsoMN9Di5y3iCEJOd8BPTKfvWN6nwMMDq4SDHn_fztvuHcOW-8DWYHVVjDadvG4PsWDhYbbDqYfICPynQ2eQX1Dr73OneDZOHs4RWu9swlOHOqyfbquMfg82n-MXsulm-Ll9l0WWwIZV2B8doorpjEgmBtKmY4c6JSQhJtNVprpqQzwlpCTSUrrRW2WCvu1twIbhAdg7tD7jbFn97mrm59NrZpVLCxzzUWVAyt2QDeHkGVjWpcUsH4XG-Tb1Xa1WL4W0X5gN0csE3uYvqXyYRWkiD6B7trcA8</recordid><startdate>19871101</startdate><enddate>19871101</enddate><creator>Goldman, Joel C.</creator><creator>Caron, David A.</creator><creator>Dennett, Mark R.</creator><general>American Society of Limnology and Oceanography</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19871101</creationdate><title>Regulation of Gross Growth Efficiency and Ammonium Regeneration in Bacteria by Substrate C:N Ratio</title><author>Goldman, Joel C. ; Caron, David A. ; Dennett, Mark R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-j234t-11dca5a491721bc64c54f76a792beb0db4a9fc7ee23c696bba1e1ba5fd5c75c03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1987</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Atoms</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacterial biomass</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Microbial ecology</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Organic foods</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Sea water</topic><topic>Steepest descent method</topic><topic>Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goldman, Joel C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caron, David A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dennett, Mark R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Limnology and oceanography</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goldman, Joel C.</au><au>Caron, David A.</au><au>Dennett, Mark R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Regulation of Gross Growth Efficiency and Ammonium Regeneration in Bacteria by Substrate C:N Ratio</atitle><jtitle>Limnology and oceanography</jtitle><date>1987-11-01</date><risdate>1987</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1239</spage><epage>1252</epage><pages>1239-1252</pages><issn>0024-3590</issn><eissn>1939-5590</eissn><coden>LIOCAH</coden><abstract>Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were cultured on combinations of C and N sources (amino acids, glucose, and NH4
+) to span a range of substrate C:N ratios from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1. Catabolic metabolism of the N component of amino acid substrates led to NH4
+regeneration during exponential growth. The efficiency of this regeneration (RN) and also of the carbon gross growth efficiency (GGE) generally was independent of the sources of C and N, but increased as the C:N ratio of the substrate (C:Ns) decreased relative to the C:N ratio of the bacterial biomass (C:NB). The elemental chemical composition (C:N:P ratio) of the bacterial biomass was relatively invariant at about 45:9:1 and the gross growth efficiency varied from a threshold value of about 40-50% at$C:N_s > 6: 1$up to 94% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Hence, RNvaried from 0% when C:Nswas 10:1 up to 86% when C:Nswas 1.5:1. Inorganic sources of both N and P were taken up only in stoichiometric quantities during this phase of growth. Regeneration of NH4
+during the stationary phase as well as of PO4
3- occurred most likely due to endogenous metabolism or cell death, but the magnitude of this regeneration seemed to increase greatly only when C:Nswas >6:1. Considering that amino acids frequently do not provide all of the N required and that carbohydrates often are the major C source for growth of marine bacteria, we speculate that C:Nsof available substrates in marine waters is > 10:1. Hence, actively growing bacteria may be inefficient remineralizers of N.</abstract><cop>Waco, TX</cop><pub>American Society of Limnology and Oceanography</pub><doi>10.4319/lo.1987.32.6.1239</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Amino acids Animal, plant and microbial ecology Atoms Bacteria Bacterial biomass Biological and medical sciences Carbon Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Microbial ecology Nitrogen Organic foods Phosphorus Sea water Steepest descent method Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water) |
title | Regulation of Gross Growth Efficiency and Ammonium Regeneration in Bacteria by Substrate C:N Ratio |
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