Simulating the fate of nitrogen and optimizing water and nitrogen management of greenhouse tomato in North China using the EU-Rotate_N model

•The EU-Rotate_N model was validated for greenhouse tomato in Northern China.•Nitrate leaching and gaseous N loss are the main pathways of N loss.•Optimal fertilizer and drip irrigation can significantly reduce nitrate leaching.•Adding crop residues can reduce nitrate leaching.•Evaluating and optimi...

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