[11C]Raclopride binding in the striatum of minimally restrained and free-walking awake mice in a positron emission tomography study
ABSTRACT Anesthesia and restraint stress have profound impacts on brain functions, including neural activity and cerebrovascular function, possibly influencing functional and neurochemical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. For circumventing this effect, we developed an experimental sy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Synapse (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-12, Vol.69 (12), p.600-606 |
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| creator | Takuwa, Hiroyuki Maeda, Jun Ikoma, Yoko Tokunaga, Masaki Wakizaka, Hidekatsu Uchida, Shouko Kanno, Iwao Taniguchi, Junko Ito, Hiroshi Higuchi, Makoto |
| description | ABSTRACT
Anesthesia and restraint stress have profound impacts on brain functions, including neural activity and cerebrovascular function, possibly influencing functional and neurochemical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. For circumventing this effect, we developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice with minimal restraints by fixing the head to a holder. The applicability of this system was investigated by performing PET imaging of D2 dopamine receptors with [11C]raclopride under the following three different conditions: (1) free‐walking awake state; (2) 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia; and (3) whole‐body restraint without anesthesia. [11C]raclopride binding potential (BPND) values under isoflurane anesthesia and restrained awake state were significantly lower than under free‐walking awake state (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/syn.21864 |
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Anesthesia and restraint stress have profound impacts on brain functions, including neural activity and cerebrovascular function, possibly influencing functional and neurochemical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. For circumventing this effect, we developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice with minimal restraints by fixing the head to a holder. The applicability of this system was investigated by performing PET imaging of D2 dopamine receptors with [11C]raclopride under the following three different conditions: (1) free‐walking awake state; (2) 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia; and (3) whole‐body restraint without anesthesia. [11C]raclopride binding potential (BPND) values under isoflurane anesthesia and restrained awake state were significantly lower than under free‐walking awake state (P < 0.01). Heart rates in restrained awake mice were significantly higher than those in free‐walking awake mice (P < 0.01), suggesting that free‐walking awake state minimized restraint stress during the PET scan. [11C] raclopride‐PET with methamphetamine (METH) injection was also performed in awake and anesthetized mice. METH‐induced reduction of [11C]raclopride BPND in anesthetized mice showed a trend to be less than that in free‐walking awake mice, implying that pharmacological modulation of dopaminergic transmissions could be sensitively captured by PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. We concluded that our system is of utility as an in vivo assaying platform for studies of brain functions and neurotransmission elements in small animals, such as those modeling neuropsychiatric disorders. Synapse 69:600–606, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
We developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. [11C]raclopride‐PET images suggest that our system avoids of the effects of anesthesia and alleviates restraint stress in animal PET studies while measuring the characteristics of neurotransmission components.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0887-4476</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-2396</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/syn.21864</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26360510</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SYNAET</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; awake mice ; Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging ; Corpus Striatum - drug effects ; isoflurane anesthesia ; Male ; methamphetamine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; neuroreceptor PET ; Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation ; Positron-Emission Tomography - methods ; Raclopride - pharmacology ; Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacology ; restraint stress ; Restraint, Physical - adverse effects ; Synaptic Transmission ; Wakefulness ; Walking</subject><ispartof>Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2015-12, Vol.69 (12), p.600-606</ispartof><rights>2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5004-414640e8f90f636442f75286b666d5092cb550356f1fcfd3640e22db3918c9353</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fsyn.21864$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fsyn.21864$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26360510$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Takuwa, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ikoma, Yoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokunaga, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakizaka, Hidekatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchida, Shouko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanno, Iwao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taniguchi, Junko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higuchi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><title>[11C]Raclopride binding in the striatum of minimally restrained and free-walking awake mice in a positron emission tomography study</title><title>Synapse (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Synapse</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT
Anesthesia and restraint stress have profound impacts on brain functions, including neural activity and cerebrovascular function, possibly influencing functional and neurochemical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. For circumventing this effect, we developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice with minimal restraints by fixing the head to a holder. The applicability of this system was investigated by performing PET imaging of D2 dopamine receptors with [11C]raclopride under the following three different conditions: (1) free‐walking awake state; (2) 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia; and (3) whole‐body restraint without anesthesia. [11C]raclopride binding potential (BPND) values under isoflurane anesthesia and restrained awake state were significantly lower than under free‐walking awake state (P < 0.01). Heart rates in restrained awake mice were significantly higher than those in free‐walking awake mice (P < 0.01), suggesting that free‐walking awake state minimized restraint stress during the PET scan. [11C] raclopride‐PET with methamphetamine (METH) injection was also performed in awake and anesthetized mice. METH‐induced reduction of [11C]raclopride BPND in anesthetized mice showed a trend to be less than that in free‐walking awake mice, implying that pharmacological modulation of dopaminergic transmissions could be sensitively captured by PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. We concluded that our system is of utility as an in vivo assaying platform for studies of brain functions and neurotransmission elements in small animals, such as those modeling neuropsychiatric disorders. Synapse 69:600–606, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
We developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. [11C]raclopride‐PET images suggest that our system avoids of the effects of anesthesia and alleviates restraint stress in animal PET studies while measuring the characteristics of neurotransmission components.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>awake mice</subject><subject>Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Corpus Striatum - drug effects</subject><subject>isoflurane anesthesia</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>methamphetamine</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred C57BL</subject><subject>neuroreceptor PET</subject><subject>Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation</subject><subject>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</subject><subject>Raclopride - pharmacology</subject><subject>Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacology</subject><subject>restraint stress</subject><subject>Restraint, Physical - adverse effects</subject><subject>Synaptic Transmission</subject><subject>Wakefulness</subject><subject>Walking</subject><issn>0887-4476</issn><issn>1098-2396</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctu1DAUhi0EokNhwQsgS2zYpPU9zhKNoCBVAyqgQhGynNhu3UnswU40ZM2L45kpXbBhYfnI_v5z-wF4jtEJRoic5jmcECwFewAWGDWyIrQRD8ECSVlXjNXiCDzJ-RYhRDFij8EREVQgjtEC_P6O8fLHhe76uEneWNj6YHy4hj7A8cbCPCavx2mA0cHBBz_ovp9hsuVd-2AN1MFAl6yttrpf74R6q9e2sJ3d5dBwE7MfUwzQDj5nX4IxDvE66c3NXNJPZn4KHjndZ_vs7j4GX96--bx8V51_OHu_fH1edRwhVjHMBENWuga50j9jxNWcSNEKIQxHDelazhHlwmHXOUN3MCGmpQ2WXUM5PQavDnk3Kf6cygiqdNTZvtfBxikrXFMiKZNlO_9HSd1ISTEt6Mt_0Ns4pVAG2VPlUFEX6sUdNbWDNaose9BpVn-dKMDpAdj63s73_xipncWqWKz2FqtP31b7oCiqg8Ln0f66V-i0VqVgzdXl6kyt2OXXC3F1pT7SP6r2pzg</recordid><startdate>201512</startdate><enddate>201512</enddate><creator>Takuwa, Hiroyuki</creator><creator>Maeda, Jun</creator><creator>Ikoma, Yoko</creator><creator>Tokunaga, Masaki</creator><creator>Wakizaka, Hidekatsu</creator><creator>Uchida, Shouko</creator><creator>Kanno, Iwao</creator><creator>Taniguchi, Junko</creator><creator>Ito, Hiroshi</creator><creator>Higuchi, Makoto</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201512</creationdate><title>[11C]Raclopride binding in the striatum of minimally restrained and free-walking awake mice in a positron emission tomography study</title><author>Takuwa, Hiroyuki ; Maeda, Jun ; Ikoma, Yoko ; Tokunaga, Masaki ; Wakizaka, Hidekatsu ; Uchida, Shouko ; Kanno, Iwao ; Taniguchi, Junko ; Ito, Hiroshi ; Higuchi, Makoto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5004-414640e8f90f636442f75286b666d5092cb550356f1fcfd3640e22db3918c9353</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>awake mice</topic><topic>Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Corpus Striatum - drug effects</topic><topic>isoflurane anesthesia</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>methamphetamine</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred C57BL</topic><topic>neuroreceptor PET</topic><topic>Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation</topic><topic>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</topic><topic>Raclopride - pharmacology</topic><topic>Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacology</topic><topic>restraint stress</topic><topic>Restraint, Physical - adverse effects</topic><topic>Synaptic Transmission</topic><topic>Wakefulness</topic><topic>Walking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Takuwa, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ikoma, Yoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokunaga, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakizaka, Hidekatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchida, Shouko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanno, Iwao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taniguchi, Junko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higuchi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Synapse (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Takuwa, Hiroyuki</au><au>Maeda, Jun</au><au>Ikoma, Yoko</au><au>Tokunaga, Masaki</au><au>Wakizaka, Hidekatsu</au><au>Uchida, Shouko</au><au>Kanno, Iwao</au><au>Taniguchi, Junko</au><au>Ito, Hiroshi</au><au>Higuchi, Makoto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>[11C]Raclopride binding in the striatum of minimally restrained and free-walking awake mice in a positron emission tomography study</atitle><jtitle>Synapse (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Synapse</addtitle><date>2015-12</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>600</spage><epage>606</epage><pages>600-606</pages><issn>0887-4476</issn><eissn>1098-2396</eissn><coden>SYNAET</coden><abstract>ABSTRACT
Anesthesia and restraint stress have profound impacts on brain functions, including neural activity and cerebrovascular function, possibly influencing functional and neurochemical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data. For circumventing this effect, we developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice with minimal restraints by fixing the head to a holder. The applicability of this system was investigated by performing PET imaging of D2 dopamine receptors with [11C]raclopride under the following three different conditions: (1) free‐walking awake state; (2) 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia; and (3) whole‐body restraint without anesthesia. [11C]raclopride binding potential (BPND) values under isoflurane anesthesia and restrained awake state were significantly lower than under free‐walking awake state (P < 0.01). Heart rates in restrained awake mice were significantly higher than those in free‐walking awake mice (P < 0.01), suggesting that free‐walking awake state minimized restraint stress during the PET scan. [11C] raclopride‐PET with methamphetamine (METH) injection was also performed in awake and anesthetized mice. METH‐induced reduction of [11C]raclopride BPND in anesthetized mice showed a trend to be less than that in free‐walking awake mice, implying that pharmacological modulation of dopaminergic transmissions could be sensitively captured by PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. We concluded that our system is of utility as an in vivo assaying platform for studies of brain functions and neurotransmission elements in small animals, such as those modeling neuropsychiatric disorders. Synapse 69:600–606, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
We developed an experimental system enabling PET imaging of free‐walking awake mice. [11C]raclopride‐PET images suggest that our system avoids of the effects of anesthesia and alleviates restraint stress in animal PET studies while measuring the characteristics of neurotransmission components.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>26360510</pmid><doi>10.1002/syn.21864</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals awake mice Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging Corpus Striatum - drug effects isoflurane anesthesia Male methamphetamine Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL neuroreceptor PET Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation Positron-Emission Tomography - methods Raclopride - pharmacology Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacology restraint stress Restraint, Physical - adverse effects Synaptic Transmission Wakefulness Walking |
| title | [11C]Raclopride binding in the striatum of minimally restrained and free-walking awake mice in a positron emission tomography study |
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