Neural activation in speech production and reading aloud in native and non-native languages
We used fMRI to investigate neural activation in reading aloud in bilinguals differing in age of acquisition. Three groups were compared: French-English bilinguals who acquired two languages from birth (simultaneous), French-English bilinguals who learned their L2 after the age of 5 years (sequentia...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2015-05, Vol.112, p.208-217 |
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| creator | Berken, Jonathan A Gracco, Vincent L Chen, Jen-Kai Watkins, Kate E Baum, Shari Callahan, Megan Klein, Denise |
| description | We used fMRI to investigate neural activation in reading aloud in bilinguals differing in age of acquisition. Three groups were compared: French-English bilinguals who acquired two languages from birth (simultaneous), French-English bilinguals who learned their L2 after the age of 5 years (sequential), and English-speaking monolinguals. While the bilingual groups contrasted in age of acquisition, they were matched for language proficiency, although sequential bilinguals produced speech with a less native-like accent in their L2 than in their L1. Simultaneous bilinguals activated similar brain regions to an equivalent degree when reading in their two languages. In contrast, sequential bilinguals more strongly activated areas related to speech-motor control and orthographic to phonological mapping, the left inferior frontal gyrus, left premotor cortex, and left fusiform gyrus, when reading aloud in L2 compared to L1. In addition, the activity in these regions showed a significant positive correlation with age of acquisition. The results provide evidence for the engagement of overlapping neural substrates for processing two languages when acquired in native context from birth. However, it appears that the maturation of certain brain regions for both speech production and phonological encoding is limited by a sensitive period for L2 acquisition regardless of language proficiency. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.016 |
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Three groups were compared: French-English bilinguals who acquired two languages from birth (simultaneous), French-English bilinguals who learned their L2 after the age of 5 years (sequential), and English-speaking monolinguals. While the bilingual groups contrasted in age of acquisition, they were matched for language proficiency, although sequential bilinguals produced speech with a less native-like accent in their L2 than in their L1. Simultaneous bilinguals activated similar brain regions to an equivalent degree when reading in their two languages. In contrast, sequential bilinguals more strongly activated areas related to speech-motor control and orthographic to phonological mapping, the left inferior frontal gyrus, left premotor cortex, and left fusiform gyrus, when reading aloud in L2 compared to L1. In addition, the activity in these regions showed a significant positive correlation with age of acquisition. The results provide evidence for the engagement of overlapping neural substrates for processing two languages when acquired in native context from birth. However, it appears that the maturation of certain brain regions for both speech production and phonological encoding is limited by a sensitive period for L2 acquisition regardless of language proficiency.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1053-8119</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9572</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25776210</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Limited</publisher><subject>Accentuation ; Age Factors ; Age of acquisition ; Bilingualism ; Birth ; Brain ; Brain - anatomy & histology ; Brain - physiology ; Brain mapping ; Child, Preschool ; Cortex (frontal) ; Cortex (premotor) ; Critical period ; Encoding (Cognitive process) ; English as a second language learning ; Female ; French as a second language ; French as a second language learning ; Frontal gyrus ; Functional Laterality - physiology ; Functional magnetic resonance imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Information processing ; Language ; Language Development ; Language proficiency ; Language Tests ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical imaging ; Monolingualism ; Motor task performance ; Multilingualism ; Native languages ; Oral reading ; Oxygen Consumption ; Phonetics ; Phonology ; Reading ; Semantics ; Speech ; Speech - physiology ; Speech motor control ; Speech production ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), 2015-05, Vol.112, p.208-217</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited May 15, 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c492t-ebfbd0dc00e72d1dc9be453879883ec72dad69aee3c5b9af588527761c9157423</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c492t-ebfbd0dc00e72d1dc9be453879883ec72dad69aee3c5b9af588527761c9157423</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0141-0760 ; 0000-0002-2621-482X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776210$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Berken, Jonathan A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gracco, Vincent L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jen-Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watkins, Kate E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baum, Shari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Callahan, Megan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klein, Denise</creatorcontrib><title>Neural activation in speech production and reading aloud in native and non-native languages</title><title>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</title><addtitle>Neuroimage</addtitle><description>We used fMRI to investigate neural activation in reading aloud in bilinguals differing in age of acquisition. Three groups were compared: French-English bilinguals who acquired two languages from birth (simultaneous), French-English bilinguals who learned their L2 after the age of 5 years (sequential), and English-speaking monolinguals. While the bilingual groups contrasted in age of acquisition, they were matched for language proficiency, although sequential bilinguals produced speech with a less native-like accent in their L2 than in their L1. Simultaneous bilinguals activated similar brain regions to an equivalent degree when reading in their two languages. In contrast, sequential bilinguals more strongly activated areas related to speech-motor control and orthographic to phonological mapping, the left inferior frontal gyrus, left premotor cortex, and left fusiform gyrus, when reading aloud in L2 compared to L1. In addition, the activity in these regions showed a significant positive correlation with age of acquisition. The results provide evidence for the engagement of overlapping neural substrates for processing two languages when acquired in native context from birth. However, it appears that the maturation of certain brain regions for both speech production and phonological encoding is limited by a sensitive period for L2 acquisition regardless of language proficiency.</description><subject>Accentuation</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Age of acquisition</subject><subject>Bilingualism</subject><subject>Birth</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Brain mapping</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cortex (frontal)</subject><subject>Cortex (premotor)</subject><subject>Critical period</subject><subject>Encoding (Cognitive process)</subject><subject>English as a second language learning</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>French as a second language</subject><subject>French as a second language learning</subject><subject>Frontal gyrus</subject><subject>Functional Laterality - physiology</subject><subject>Functional magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Language</subject><subject>Language Development</subject><subject>Language proficiency</subject><subject>Language Tests</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Monolingualism</subject><subject>Motor task performance</subject><subject>Multilingualism</subject><subject>Native languages</subject><subject>Oral reading</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption</subject><subject>Phonetics</subject><subject>Phonology</subject><subject>Reading</subject><subject>Semantics</subject><subject>Speech</subject><subject>Speech - 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anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Brain mapping</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cortex (frontal)</topic><topic>Cortex (premotor)</topic><topic>Critical period</topic><topic>Encoding (Cognitive process)</topic><topic>English as a second language learning</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>French as a second language</topic><topic>French as a second language learning</topic><topic>Frontal gyrus</topic><topic>Functional Laterality - physiology</topic><topic>Functional magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Language</topic><topic>Language Development</topic><topic>Language proficiency</topic><topic>Language Tests</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Monolingualism</topic><topic>Motor task performance</topic><topic>Multilingualism</topic><topic>Native languages</topic><topic>Oral reading</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption</topic><topic>Phonetics</topic><topic>Phonology</topic><topic>Reading</topic><topic>Semantics</topic><topic>Speech</topic><topic>Speech - 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Academic</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Berken, Jonathan A</au><au>Gracco, Vincent L</au><au>Chen, Jen-Kai</au><au>Watkins, Kate E</au><au>Baum, Shari</au><au>Callahan, Megan</au><au>Klein, Denise</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neural activation in speech production and reading aloud in native and non-native languages</atitle><jtitle>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</jtitle><addtitle>Neuroimage</addtitle><date>2015-05-15</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>112</volume><spage>208</spage><epage>217</epage><pages>208-217</pages><issn>1053-8119</issn><eissn>1095-9572</eissn><abstract>We used fMRI to investigate neural activation in reading aloud in bilinguals differing in age of acquisition. Three groups were compared: French-English bilinguals who acquired two languages from birth (simultaneous), French-English bilinguals who learned their L2 after the age of 5 years (sequential), and English-speaking monolinguals. While the bilingual groups contrasted in age of acquisition, they were matched for language proficiency, although sequential bilinguals produced speech with a less native-like accent in their L2 than in their L1. Simultaneous bilinguals activated similar brain regions to an equivalent degree when reading in their two languages. In contrast, sequential bilinguals more strongly activated areas related to speech-motor control and orthographic to phonological mapping, the left inferior frontal gyrus, left premotor cortex, and left fusiform gyrus, when reading aloud in L2 compared to L1. In addition, the activity in these regions showed a significant positive correlation with age of acquisition. 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| subjects | Accentuation Age Factors Age of acquisition Bilingualism Birth Brain Brain - anatomy & histology Brain - physiology Brain mapping Child, Preschool Cortex (frontal) Cortex (premotor) Critical period Encoding (Cognitive process) English as a second language learning Female French as a second language French as a second language learning Frontal gyrus Functional Laterality - physiology Functional magnetic resonance imaging Humans Infant Information processing Language Language Development Language proficiency Language Tests Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medical imaging Monolingualism Motor task performance Multilingualism Native languages Oral reading Oxygen Consumption Phonetics Phonology Reading Semantics Speech Speech - physiology Speech motor control Speech production Young Adult |
| title | Neural activation in speech production and reading aloud in native and non-native languages |
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