Factors associated with long-term patient-reported outcomes after three-column osteotomies

Abstract Background context Studies have demonstrated sustained improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after three-column osteotomies (three-COs), but no study has evaluated what factors impact long-term outcomes. Purpose The aim was to investigate factors associated with PROs in patients who underwent three-CO at minimum 5 years postoperatively. Study design/sample This was a retrospective review of prospective database. Patient sample All patients who had a three-CO at a single institution and completed clinical evaluations after at least 5 years postoperative were included. Outcome measures Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) scores, and radiographic parameters were assessed at baseline and a minimum 5 years postoperatively. Methods Analysis of 120 patients who underwent three-CO (96-pedicle subtraction osteotomy/24-vertebral column resection) was performed. The mean age was 48 years (range 8–79), and clinical follow-up was 7 years (range 5–14). Separate multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with ODI, SRS average, and SRS satisfaction while controlling for time since surgery and baseline outcome scores. Results Average PROs were significantly improved from baseline at a minimum 5-year follow-up (ODI: 48–28, p